feat: Time dependent Wick theorem. (#274)

feat: Proof of the time-dependent Wick's theorem

HepLean.lean

@@ -104,6 +104,8 @@ import HepLean.Mathematics.Fin
 import HepLean.Mathematics.Fin.Involutions
 import HepLean.Mathematics.LinearMaps
 import HepLean.Mathematics.List
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List.InsertIdx
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List.InsertionSort
 import HepLean.Mathematics.PiTensorProduct
 import HepLean.Mathematics.SO3.Basic
 import HepLean.Mathematics.SchurTriangulation
@@ -116,29 +118,42 @@ import HepLean.Meta.Notes.HTMLNote
 import HepLean.Meta.Notes.NoteFile
 import HepLean.Meta.Notes.ToHTML
 import HepLean.Meta.TransverseTactics
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Contractions.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.Basic
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Contractions.Card
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.NormalOrder
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Contractions.Involutions
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.SuperCommute
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.NormalOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.TimeContraction
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.StateAlgebra.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.StateAlgebra.TimeOrder
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.CreateAnnihilate
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FeynmanDiagrams.Basic
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FeynmanDiagrams.Instances.ComplexScalar
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FeynmanDiagrams.Instances.Phi4
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FeynmanDiagrams.Momentum
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.ExchangeSign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.OfFinset
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CrAnSection
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CreateAnnihilate
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CreateAnnihilateSect
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.Filters
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.CreateAnnihilateSection
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.NormalOrder
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.KoszulOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.TimeOrder
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.OfList
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.OperatorMap
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSignInsert
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.InsertSign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Basic
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.KoszulSign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Erase
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.KoszulSignInsert
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.ExtractEquiv
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.StaticWickCoef
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Insert
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.SuperCommuteCoef
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.InsertList
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.StaticTheorem
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Involutions
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.SuperCommute
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.IsFull
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Sign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.TimeContract
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Uncontracted
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.UncontractedList
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WicksTheorem
 import HepLean.SpaceTime.Basic
 import HepLean.SpaceTime.CliffordAlgebra
 import HepLean.StandardModel.Basic

HepLean/Mathematics/List.lean

@@ -122,6 +122,11 @@ lemma dropWile_eraseIdx {I : Type} (P : I → Prop) [DecidablePred P] :
         simpa using h (Fin.succ i) (Fin.succ j) (by simpa using hij) (by simpa using hP)
       · simp [hPa]
 
+lemma insertionSort_length {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel le1] (l : List I) :
+    (List.insertionSort le1 l).length = l.length := by
+  apply List.Perm.length_eq
+  exact List.perm_insertionSort le1 l
+
 /-- The position `r0` ends up in `r` on adding it via `List.orderedInsert _ r0 r`. -/
 def orderedInsertPos {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel le1] (r : List I) (r0 : I) :
     Fin (List.orderedInsert le1 r0 r).length :=
@@ -265,6 +270,20 @@ lemma lt_orderedInsertPos_rel {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel
   have htake' := List.mem_takeWhile_imp htake
   simpa using htake'
 
+lemma lt_orderedInsertPos_rel_fin {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
+    (r0 : I) (r : List I) (n : Fin (List.orderedInsert le1 r0 r).length)
+    (hn : n < (orderedInsertPos le1 r r0)) : ¬ le1 r0 ((List.orderedInsert le1 r0 r).get n) := by
+  have htake : (List.orderedInsert le1 r0 r).get n ∈ List.take (orderedInsertPos le1 r r0) r := by
+    rw [orderedInsertPos_take_eq_orderedInsert]
+    rw [List.mem_take_iff_getElem]
+    use n
+    simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, Fin.is_le', inf_of_le_left, Fin.val_fin_lt, exists_prop,
+      and_true]
+    exact hn
+  rw [orderedInsertPos_take] at htake
+  have htake' := List.mem_takeWhile_imp htake
+  simpa using htake'
+
 lemma gt_orderedInsertPos_rel {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
     [IsTotal I le1] [IsTrans I le1] (r0 : I) (r : List I) (hs : List.Sorted le1 r)
     (n : Fin r.length)
@@ -384,6 +403,17 @@ lemma orderedInsertEquiv_fin_succ {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [Decidable
     rfl
     exact ne_of_beq_false rfl
 
+lemma orderedInsertEquiv_monotone_fin_succ {I : Type}
+    (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel le1] (r : List I)
+    (r0 : I) (n m : Fin r.length)
+    (hx : orderedInsertEquiv le1 r r0 n.succ < orderedInsertEquiv le1 r r0 m.succ) :
+    n < m := by
+  rw [orderedInsertEquiv_fin_succ, orderedInsertEquiv_fin_succ] at hx
+  rw [Fin.lt_def] at hx
+  simp only [Fin.eta, Fin.coe_cast, Fin.val_fin_lt] at hx
+  rw [Fin.succAbove_lt_succAbove_iff] at hx
+  exact hx
+
 lemma orderedInsertEquiv_congr {α : Type} {r : α → α → Prop} [DecidableRel r] (a : α)
     (l l' : List α) (h : l = l') :
     orderedInsertEquiv r l a = (Fin.castOrderIso (by simp [h])).toEquiv.trans
@@ -612,6 +642,38 @@ lemma insertionSort_eq_ofFn {α : Type} {r : α → α → Prop} [DecidableRel r
   rw [insertionSortEquiv_get (r := r)]
   exact Eq.symm (List.ofFn_get (List.insertionSort r l))
 
+lemma insertionSortEquiv_order {α : Type} {r : α → α → Prop} [DecidableRel r] :
+    (l : List α) → (i : Fin l.length) → (j : Fin l.length) → (hij : i < j)
+    → (hij' : insertionSortEquiv r l j < insertionSortEquiv r l i) →
+    ¬ r l[i] l[j]
+  | [], i, _, _, _ => Fin.elim0 i
+  | a :: as, ⟨0, hi⟩, ⟨j + 1, hj⟩, hij, hij' => by
+    simp only [List.length_cons, Fin.zero_eta, Fin.getElem_fin, Fin.val_zero,
+      List.getElem_cons_zero, List.getElem_cons_succ]
+    nth_rewrite 2 [insertionSortEquiv] at hij'
+    simp only [List.insertionSort.eq_2, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.zero_eta,
+      Equiv.trans_apply, equivCons_zero] at hij'
+    have hx := orderedInsertEquiv_zero r (List.insertionSort r as) a
+    simp only [List.length_cons, Fin.zero_eta] at hx
+    rw [hx] at hij'
+    have h1 := lt_orderedInsertPos_rel_fin r a (List.insertionSort r as) _ hij'
+    rw [insertionSortEquiv] at h1
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.insertionSort.eq_2, Equiv.trans_apply,
+      equivCons_succ] at h1
+    rw [← orderedInsertEquiv_get] at h1
+    simp only [List.length_cons, Function.comp_apply, Equiv.symm_apply_apply, List.get_eq_getElem,
+      Fin.val_succ, List.getElem_cons_succ] at h1
+    rw [← List.get_eq_getElem] at h1
+    rw [← insertionSortEquiv_get] at h1
+    simpa using h1
+  | a :: as, ⟨i + 1, hi⟩, ⟨j + 1, hj⟩, hij, hij' => by
+    simp only [List.insertionSort.eq_2, List.length_cons, insertionSortEquiv, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+      Equiv.trans_apply, equivCons_succ] at hij'
+    have h1 := orderedInsertEquiv_monotone_fin_succ _ _ _ _ _ hij'
+    have h2 := insertionSortEquiv_order as ⟨i, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp hi⟩
+      ⟨j, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp hj⟩ (by simpa using hij) h1
+    simpa using h2
+
 /-- Optional erase of an element in a list. For `none` returns the list, for `some i` returns
   the list with the `i`'th element erased. -/
 def optionErase {I : Type} (l : List I) (i : Option (Fin l.length)) : List I :=
@@ -619,12 +681,22 @@ def optionErase {I : Type} (l : List I) (i : Option (Fin l.length)) : List I :=
   | none => l
   | some i => List.eraseIdx l i
 
+lemma eraseIdx_length' {I : Type} (l : List I) (i : Fin l.length) :
+    (List.eraseIdx l i).length = l.length - 1 := by
+  simp only [List.length_eraseIdx, Fin.is_lt, ↓reduceIte]
+
 lemma eraseIdx_length {I : Type} (l : List I) (i : Fin l.length) :
     (List.eraseIdx l i).length + 1 = l.length := by
   simp only [List.length_eraseIdx, Fin.is_lt, ↓reduceIte]
   have hi := i.prop
   omega
 
+lemma eraseIdx_length_succ {I : Type} (l : List I) (i : Fin l.length) :
+    (List.eraseIdx l i).length.succ = l.length := by
+  simp only [List.length_eraseIdx, Fin.is_lt, ↓reduceIte]
+  have hi := i.prop
+  omega
+
 lemma eraseIdx_cons_length {I : Type} (a : I) (l : List I) (i : Fin (a :: l).length) :
     (List.eraseIdx (a :: l) i).length= l.length := by
   simp [List.length_eraseIdx]
@@ -650,7 +722,7 @@ lemma eraseIdx_get {I : Type} (l : List I) (i : Fin l.length) :
 lemma eraseIdx_insertionSort {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
     [IsTotal I le1] [IsTrans I le1] :
     (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) → (hn : n < r.length) →
-    (List.insertionSort le1 r).eraseIdx ↑((HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv le1 r) ⟨n, hn⟩)
+    (List.insertionSort le1 r).eraseIdx ↑((insertionSortEquiv le1 r) ⟨n, hn⟩)
     = List.insertionSort le1 (r.eraseIdx n)
   | 0, [], _ => by rfl
   | 0, (r0 :: r), hn => by
@@ -683,6 +755,53 @@ lemma eraseIdx_insertionSort_fin {I : Type} (le1 : I → I → Prop) [DecidableR
     = List.insertionSort le1 (r.eraseIdx n) :=
   eraseIdx_insertionSort le1 n.val r (Fin.prop n)
 
+/-- Given a list `i :: l` the left-most minimial position `a` of `i :: l` wrt `r`.
+  That is the first position
+  of `l` such that for every element `(i :: l)[b]` before that position
+  `r ((i :: l)[b]) ((i :: l)[a])` is not true. The use of `i :: l` here
+  rather then just `l` is to ensure that such a position exists. . -/
+def insertionSortMinPos {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r] (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    Fin (i :: l).length := (insertionSortEquiv r (i :: l)).symm ⟨0, by
+    rw [insertionSort_length]
+    exact Nat.zero_lt_succ l.length⟩
+
+/-- The element of `i :: l` at `insertionSortMinPos`. -/
+def insertionSortMin {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r] (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    α := (i :: l).get (insertionSortMinPos r i l)
+
+lemma insertionSortMin_eq_insertionSort_head {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r]
+    (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    insertionSortMin r i l = (List.insertionSort r (i :: l)).head (by
+    refine List.ne_nil_of_length_pos ?_
+    rw [insertionSort_length]
+    exact Nat.zero_lt_succ l.length) := by
+  trans (List.insertionSort r (i :: l)).get (⟨0, by
+    rw [insertionSort_length]; exact Nat.zero_lt_succ l.length⟩)
+  · rw [← insertionSortEquiv_get]
+    rfl
+  · exact List.get_mk_zero
+      (Eq.mpr (id (congrArg (fun _a => 0 < _a) (insertionSort_length r (i :: l))))
+        (Nat.zero_lt_succ l.length))
+
+/-- The list remaining after dropping the element at the position determined by
+  `insertionSortMinPos`. -/
+def insertionSortDropMinPos {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r] (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    List α := (i :: l).eraseIdx (insertionSortMinPos r i l)
+
+lemma insertionSort_eq_insertionSortMin_cons {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r]
+    [IsTotal α r] [IsTrans α r] (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    List.insertionSort r (i :: l) =
+    (insertionSortMin r i l) :: List.insertionSort r (insertionSortDropMinPos r i l) := by
+  rw [insertionSortDropMinPos, ← eraseIdx_insertionSort_fin]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    rw [insertionSortMinPos]
+    rw [Equiv.apply_symm_apply]
+  simp only [List.insertionSort, List.eraseIdx_zero]
+  rw [insertionSortMin_eq_insertionSort_head]
+  exact (List.head_cons_tail _ _).symm
+
 /-- Optional erase of an element in a list, with addition for `none`. For `none` adds `a` to the
   front of the list, for `some i` removes the `i`th element of the list (does not add `a`).
   E.g. `optionEraseZ [0, 1, 2] 4 none = [4, 0, 1, 2]` and
@@ -707,4 +826,28 @@ lemma optionEraseZ_ext {I : Type} {l l' : List I} {a a' : I} {i : Option (Fin l.
   congr
   simp
 
+lemma mem_take_finrange : (n m : ℕ) → (a : Fin n) → a ∈ List.take m (List.finRange n) ↔ a.val < m
+  | 0, m, a => Fin.elim0 a
+  | n+1, 0, a => by
+    simp
+  | n +1, m + 1, ⟨0, h⟩ => by
+    simp [List.finRange_succ]
+  | n +1, m + 1, ⟨i + 1, h⟩ => by
+    simp only [List.finRange_succ, List.take_succ_cons, List.mem_cons, Fin.ext_iff, Fin.val_zero,
+      AddLeftCancelMonoid.add_eq_zero, one_ne_zero, and_false, false_or, add_lt_add_iff_right]
+    rw [← List.map_take]
+    rw [@List.mem_map]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro h
+      obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := h
+      rw [mem_take_finrange n m a] at ha
+      rw [Fin.ext_iff] at ha
+      simp_all only [Fin.val_succ, add_left_inj]
+      omega
+    · intro h1
+      use ⟨i, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h⟩
+      simp only [Fin.succ_mk, and_true]
+      rw [mem_take_finrange n m ⟨i, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h⟩]
+      exact h1
+
 end HepLean.List

HepLean/Mathematics/List/InsertIdx.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List
+/-!
+# List lemmas
+
+-/
+namespace HepLean.List
+
+open Fin
+open HepLean
+variable {n : Nat}
+
+lemma insertIdx_map {I J : Type} (f : I → J) : (i : ℕ) → (r : List I) → (r0 : I) →
+    (List.insertIdx i r0 r).map f = List.insertIdx i (f r0) (r.map f)
+  | 0, [], r0 => by simp
+  | n+1, [], r0 => by simp
+  | 0, a::as, r0 => by simp
+  | n+1, a::as, r0 => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact insertIdx_map f n as r0
+
+lemma eraseIdx_sorted {I : Type} (le : I → I → Prop) :
+    (r : List I) → (n : ℕ) →
+    List.Sorted le r → List.Sorted le (r.eraseIdx n)
+  | [], _, _ => by simp
+  | a::as, 0, h => by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx]
+    simp only [List.sorted_cons] at h
+    exact h.2
+  | a::as, n+1, h => by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.sorted_cons]
+    simp only [List.sorted_cons] at h
+    refine And.intro ?_ (eraseIdx_sorted le as n h.2)
+    intro b hb
+    refine h.1 _ ?_
+    exact List.mem_of_mem_eraseIdx hb
+
+lemma mem_eraseIdx_nodup {I : Type} (i : I) :
+    (l : List I) → (n : ℕ) → (hn : n < l.length) → (h : List.Nodup l) →
+    i ∈ l.eraseIdx n ↔ i ∈ l ∧ i ≠ l[n]
+  | [], _, _, _ => by simp
+  | a1 :: as, 0, _, h => by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx_zero, List.tail_cons, List.mem_cons, List.getElem_cons_zero, ne_eq]
+    by_cases hi : i = a1
+    · subst hi
+      simp only [List.nodup_cons] at h
+      simp [h]
+    · simp [hi]
+  | a1 :: as, n+1, hn, h => by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.mem_cons, List.getElem_cons_succ, ne_eq]
+    simp only [List.nodup_cons] at h
+    rw [mem_eraseIdx_nodup i as n (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp hn) h.2]
+    simp_all only [ne_eq]
+    obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := h
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro a
+      cases a with
+      | inl h =>
+        subst h
+        simp_all only [or_false, true_and]
+        apply Aesop.BuiltinRules.not_intro
+        intro a
+        simp_all only [List.getElem_mem, not_true_eq_false]
+      | inr h_1 => simp_all only [or_true, not_false_eq_true, and_self]
+    · intro a
+      simp_all only [not_false_eq_true, and_true]
+
+lemma insertIdx_eq_take_drop {I : Type} (i : I) : (r : List I) → (n : Fin r.length.succ) →
+    List.insertIdx n i r = List.take n r ++ i :: r.drop n
+  | [], 0 => by simp
+  | a :: as, 0 => by
+    simp
+  | a :: as, ⟨n + 1, h⟩ => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons, List.drop_succ_cons, List.cons_append,
+      List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact insertIdx_eq_take_drop i as ⟨n, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertIdx_length_fin {I : Type} (i : I) :
+    (r : List I) → (n : Fin r.length.succ) →
+    (List.insertIdx n i r).length = r.length.succ
+  | [], 0 => by simp
+  | a :: as, 0 => by simp
+  | a :: as, ⟨n + 1, h⟩ => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, add_left_inj]
+    exact insertIdx_length_fin i as ⟨n, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertIdx_getElem_fin {I : Type} (i : I) :
+    (r : List I) → (k : Fin r.length.succ) → (m : Fin r.length) →
+    (List.insertIdx k i r)[(k.succAbove m).val] = r[m.val]
+  | [], 0, m => by exact Fin.elim0 m
+  | a :: as, 0, m => by simp
+  | a :: as, ⟨n + 1, h⟩, ⟨0, h0⟩ => by
+    simp [Fin.succAbove, Fin.lt_def]
+  | a :: as, ⟨n + 1, h⟩, ⟨m+1, hm⟩ => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+      List.getElem_cons_succ]
+    conv_rhs => rw [← insertIdx_getElem_fin i as ⟨n, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h⟩
+      ⟨m, Nat.lt_of_succ_lt_succ hm⟩]
+    simp only [Fin.succAbove, Fin.castSucc_mk, Fin.lt_def, add_lt_add_iff_right, Fin.succ_mk,
+      Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+    split
+    · simp_all only [List.getElem_cons_succ]
+    · simp_all only [List.getElem_cons_succ]
+
+lemma insertIdx_eraseIdx_fin {I : Type} :
+    (r : List I) → (k : Fin r.length) →
+    (List.eraseIdx r k).insertIdx k r[k] = r
+  | [], k => by exact Fin.elim0 k
+  | a :: as, ⟨0, h⟩ => by simp
+  | a :: as, ⟨n + 1, h⟩ => by
+    simp only [List.length_cons, Fin.getElem_fin, List.getElem_cons_succ, List.eraseIdx_cons_succ,
+      List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact insertIdx_eraseIdx_fin as ⟨n, Nat.lt_of_succ_lt_succ h⟩
+
+lemma get_eq_insertIdx_succAbove {I : Type} (i : I) (r : List I) (k : Fin r.length.succ) :
+    r.get = (List.insertIdx k i r).get ∘
+    (finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin i r k).symm) ∘ k.succAbove := by
+  funext i
+  simp
+
+lemma take_insert_same {I : Type} (i : I) :
+    (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) →
+    List.take n (List.insertIdx n i r) = List.take n r
+  | 0, _ => by simp
+  | _+1, [] => by simp
+  | n+1, a::as => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact take_insert_same i n as
+
+lemma take_eraseIdx_same {I : Type} :
+    (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) →
+    List.take n (List.eraseIdx r n) = List.take n r
+  | 0, _ => by simp
+  | _+1, [] => by simp
+  | n+1, a::as => by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.take_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact take_eraseIdx_same n as
+
+lemma drop_eraseIdx_succ {I : Type} :
+    (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) → (hn : n < r.length) →
+    r[n] :: List.drop n (List.eraseIdx r n) = List.drop n r
+  | 0, _, _=> by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx_zero, List.drop_tail, zero_add, List.drop_one, List.drop_zero]
+    rw [@List.getElem_zero]
+    exact List.head_cons_tail _ _
+  | n+1, [], hn => by simp at hn
+  | n+1, a::as, hn => by
+    simp only [List.getElem_cons_succ, List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.drop_succ_cons]
+    refine drop_eraseIdx_succ n as _
+
+lemma take_insert_gt {I : Type} (i : I) :
+    (n m : ℕ) → (h : n < m) → (r : List I) →
+    List.take n (List.insertIdx m i r) = List.take n r
+  | 0, 0, _, _ => by simp
+  | 0, m + 1, _, _ => by simp
+  | n+1, m + 1, _, [] => by simp
+  | n+1, m + 1, h, a::as => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    refine take_insert_gt i n m (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h) as
+
+lemma take_insert_let {I : Type} (i : I) :
+    (n m : ℕ) → (h : m ≤ n) → (r : List I) → (hm : m ≤ r.length) →
+    (List.take (n + 1) (List.insertIdx m i r)).Perm (i :: List.take n r)
+  | 0, 0, h, _, _ => by simp
+  | m + 1, 0, h, r, _ => by simp
+  | n + 1, m + 1, h, [], hm => by
+    simp at hm
+  | n + 1, m + 1, h, a::as, hm => by
+    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons]
+    have hp : (i :: a :: List.take n as).Perm (a :: i :: List.take n as) := by
+      exact List.Perm.swap a i (List.take n as)
+    refine List.Perm.trans ?_ hp.symm
+    refine List.Perm.cons a ?_
+    exact take_insert_let i n m (Nat.le_of_succ_le_succ h) as (Nat.le_of_succ_le_succ hm)
+
+end HepLean.List

HepLean/Mathematics/List/InsertionSort.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List.InsertIdx
+/-!
+# List lemmas
+
+-/
+namespace HepLean.List
+
+open Fin
+open HepLean
+variable {n : Nat}
+
+lemma insertionSortMin_lt_length_succ {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r]
+    (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    insertionSortMinPos r i l < (insertionSortDropMinPos r i l).length.succ := by
+  rw [insertionSortMinPos]
+  simp only [List.length_cons, List.insertionSort.eq_2, insertionSortDropMinPos,
+    Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+  rw [eraseIdx_length']
+  simp
+
+/-- Given a list `i :: l` the left-most minimial position `a` of `i :: l` wrt `r`
+  as an element of `Fin (insertionSortDropMinPos r i l).length.succ`. -/
+def insertionSortMinPosFin {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r] (i : α) (l : List α) :
+    Fin (insertionSortDropMinPos r i l).length.succ :=
+  ⟨insertionSortMinPos r i l, insertionSortMin_lt_length_succ r i l⟩
+
+lemma insertionSortMin_lt_mem_insertionSortDropMinPos {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r]
+    [IsTotal α r] [IsTrans α r] (a : α) (l : List α)
+    (i : Fin (insertionSortDropMinPos r a l).length) :
+    r (insertionSortMin r a l) ((insertionSortDropMinPos r a l)[i]) := by
+  let l1 := List.insertionSort r (a :: l)
+  have hl1 : l1.Sorted r := by exact List.sorted_insertionSort r (a :: l)
+  simp only [l1] at hl1
+  rw [insertionSort_eq_insertionSortMin_cons r a l] at hl1
+  simp only [List.sorted_cons, List.mem_insertionSort] at hl1
+  apply hl1.1 ((insertionSortDropMinPos r a l)[i])
+  simp
+
+lemma insertionSortMinPos_insertionSortEquiv {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop) [DecidableRel r]
+    (a : α) (l : List α) :
+    insertionSortEquiv r (a ::l) (insertionSortMinPos r a l) =
+    ⟨0, by simp [List.orderedInsert_length]⟩ := by
+  rw [insertionSortMinPos]
+  exact
+    Equiv.apply_symm_apply (insertionSortEquiv r (a :: l)) ⟨0, insertionSortMinPos.proof_1 r a l⟩
+
+lemma insertionSortEquiv_gt_zero_of_ne_insertionSortMinPos {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop)
+    [DecidableRel r] (a : α) (l : List α) (k : Fin (a :: l).length)
+    (hk : k ≠ insertionSortMinPos r a l) :
+    ⟨0, by simp [List.orderedInsert_length]⟩ < insertionSortEquiv r (a :: l) k := by
+  by_contra hn
+  simp only [List.insertionSort.eq_2, List.length_cons, not_lt] at hn
+  refine hk ((Equiv.apply_eq_iff_eq_symm_apply (insertionSortEquiv r (a :: l))).mp ?_)
+  simp_all only [List.length_cons, ne_eq, Fin.le_def, nonpos_iff_eq_zero, List.insertionSort.eq_2]
+  simp only [Fin.ext_iff]
+  omega
+
+lemma insertionSortMin_lt_mem_insertionSortDropMinPos_of_lt {α : Type} (r : α → α → Prop)
+    [DecidableRel r] (a : α) (l : List α)
+    (i : Fin (insertionSortDropMinPos r a l).length)
+    (h : (insertionSortMinPosFin r a l).succAbove i < insertionSortMinPosFin r a l) :
+    ¬ r ((insertionSortDropMinPos r a l)[i]) (insertionSortMin r a l) := by
+  simp only [Fin.getElem_fin, insertionSortMin, List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons]
+  have h1 : (insertionSortDropMinPos r a l)[i] =
+    (a :: l).get (finCongr (eraseIdx_length_succ (a :: l) (insertionSortMinPos r a l))
+    ((insertionSortMinPosFin r a l).succAbove i)) := by
+    trans (insertionSortDropMinPos r a l).get i
+    simp only [Fin.getElem_fin, List.get_eq_getElem]
+    simp only [insertionSortDropMinPos, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+      finCongr_apply, Fin.coe_cast]
+    rw [eraseIdx_get]
+    simp only [List.length_cons, Function.comp_apply, List.get_eq_getElem, Fin.coe_cast]
+    rfl
+  erw [h1]
+  simp only [List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.get_eq_getElem,
+    Fin.coe_cast]
+  apply insertionSortEquiv_order
+  simpa using h
+  simp only [List.insertionSort.eq_2, List.length_cons, finCongr_apply]
+  apply lt_of_eq_of_lt (insertionSortMinPos_insertionSortEquiv r a l)
+  simp only [List.insertionSort.eq_2]
+  apply insertionSortEquiv_gt_zero_of_ne_insertionSortMinPos r a l
+  simp only [List.length_cons, ne_eq, Fin.ext_iff, Fin.coe_cast]
+  have hl : (insertionSortMinPos r a l).val = (insertionSortMinPosFin r a l).val := by
+    rfl
+  simp only [hl, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.val_eq_val, ne_eq]
+  exact Fin.succAbove_ne (insertionSortMinPosFin r a l) i
+
+end HepLean.List

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/CrAnAlgebra/Basic.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.StateAlgebra.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CrAnSection
+/-!
+
+# Creation and annihlation free-algebra
+
+This module defines the creation and annihilation algebra for a field structure.
+
+The creation and annihilation algebra extends from the state algebra by adding information about
+whether a state is a creation or annihilation operator.
+
+The algebra is spanned by lists of creation/annihilation states.
+
+The main structures defined in this module are:
+
+* `CrAnAlgebra` - The creation and annihilation algebra
+* `ofCrAnState` - Maps a creation/annihilation state to the algebra
+* `ofCrAnList` - Maps a list of creation/annihilation states to the algebra
+* `ofState` - Maps a state to a sum of creation and annihilation operators
+* `crPart` - The creation part of a state in the algebra
+* `anPart` - The annihilation part of a state in the algebra
+* `superCommute` - The super commutator on the algebra
+
+The key lemmas show how these operators interact, particularly focusing on the
+super commutation relations between creation and annihilation operators.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/-- The creation and annihlation free-algebra.
+  The free algebra generated by `CrAnStates`,
+  that is a position based states or assymptotic states with a specification of
+  whether the state is a creation or annihlation state.
+  As a module `CrAnAlgebra` is spanned by lists of `CrAnStates`. -/
+abbrev CrAnAlgebra (𝓕 : FieldStruct) : Type := FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕.CrAnStates
+
+namespace CrAnAlgebra
+
+open StateAlgebra
+
+/-- Maps a creation and annihlation state to the creation and annihlation free-algebra. -/
+def ofCrAnState (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ φ
+
+/-- Maps a list creation and annihlation state to the creation and annihlation free-algebra
+  by taking their product. -/
+def ofCrAnList (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 := (List.map ofCrAnState φs).prod
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofCrAnList_nil : ofCrAnList ([] : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) = 1 := rfl
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_cons (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnList (φ :: φs) = ofCrAnState φ * ofCrAnList φs := rfl
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_append (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnList (φs ++ φs') = ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnList φs' := by
+  dsimp only [ofCrAnList]
+  rw [List.map_append, List.prod_append]
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_singleton (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnList [φ] = ofCrAnState φ := by
+  simp [ofCrAnList]
+
+/-- Maps a state to the sum of creation and annihilation operators in
+  creation and annihilation free-algebra. -/
+def ofState (φ : 𝓕.States) : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  ∑ (i : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ), ofCrAnState ⟨φ, i⟩
+
+/-- The algebra map from the state free-algebra to the creation and annihlation free-algebra. -/
+def ofStateAlgebra : StateAlgebra 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  FreeAlgebra.lift ℂ ofState
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofStateAlgebra_ofState (φ : 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateAlgebra (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) = ofState φ := by
+  simp [ofStateAlgebra, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+
+/-- Maps a list of states to the creation and annihilation free-algebra by taking
+  the product of their sums of creation and annihlation operators.
+  Roughly `[φ1, φ2]` gets sent to `(φ1ᶜ+ φ1ᵃ) * (φ2ᶜ+ φ2ᵃ)` etc. -/
+def ofStateList (φs : List 𝓕.States) : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 := (List.map ofState φs).prod
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofStateList_nil : ofStateList ([] : List 𝓕.States) = 1 := rfl
+
+lemma ofStateList_cons (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateList (φ :: φs) = ofState φ * ofStateList φs := rfl
+
+lemma ofStateList_singleton (φ : 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateList [φ] = ofState φ := by
+  simp [ofStateList]
+
+lemma ofStateList_append (φs φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateList (φs ++ φs') = ofStateList φs * ofStateList φs' := by
+  dsimp only [ofStateList]
+  rw [List.map_append, List.prod_append]
+
+lemma ofStateAlgebra_ofList_eq_ofStateList : (φs : List 𝓕.States) →
+    ofStateAlgebra (ofList φs) = ofStateList φs
+  | [] => by
+    simp [ofStateList]
+  | φ :: φs => by
+    rw [ofStateList_cons, StateAlgebra.ofList_cons]
+    rw [map_mul]
+    simp only [ofStateAlgebra_ofState, mul_eq_mul_left_iff]
+    apply Or.inl (ofStateAlgebra_ofList_eq_ofStateList φs)
+
+lemma ofStateList_sum (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateList φs = ∑ (s : CrAnSection φs), ofCrAnList s.1 := by
+  induction φs with
+  | nil => simp
+  | cons φ φs ih =>
+    rw [CrAnSection.sum_cons]
+    dsimp only [CrAnSection.cons, ofCrAnList_cons]
+    conv_rhs =>
+      enter [2, x]
+      rw [← Finset.mul_sum]
+    rw [← Finset.sum_mul, ofStateList_cons, ← ih]
+    rfl
+
+/-!
+
+## Creation and annihilation parts of a state
+
+-/
+
+/-- The algebra map taking an element of the free-state algbra to
+  the part of it in the creation and annihlation free algebra
+  spanned by creation operators. -/
+def crPart : 𝓕.StateAlgebra →ₐ[ℂ] 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra :=
+  FreeAlgebra.lift ℂ fun φ =>
+  match φ with
+  | States.negAsymp φ => ofCrAnState ⟨States.negAsymp φ, ()⟩
+  | States.position φ => ofCrAnState ⟨States.position φ, CreateAnnihilate.create⟩
+  | States.posAsymp _ => 0
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crPart_negAsymp (φ : 𝓕.AsymptoticNegTime) :
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState (States.negAsymp φ)) = ofCrAnState ⟨States.negAsymp φ, ()⟩ := by
+  dsimp only [crPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+  rw [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crPart_position (φ : 𝓕.PositionStates) :
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState (States.position φ)) =
+    ofCrAnState ⟨States.position φ, CreateAnnihilate.create⟩ := by
+  dsimp only [crPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+  rw [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crPart_posAsymp (φ : 𝓕.AsymptoticPosTime) :
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState (States.posAsymp φ)) = 0 := by
+  dsimp only [crPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+  rw [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+
+/-- The algebra map taking an element of the free-state algbra to
+  the part of it in the creation and annihilation free algebra
+  spanned by annihilation operators. -/
+def anPart : 𝓕.StateAlgebra →ₐ[ℂ] 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra :=
+  FreeAlgebra.lift ℂ fun φ =>
+  match φ with
+  | States.negAsymp _ => 0
+  | States.position φ => ofCrAnState ⟨States.position φ, CreateAnnihilate.annihilate⟩
+  | States.posAsymp φ => ofCrAnState ⟨States.posAsymp φ, ()⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma anPart_negAsymp (φ : 𝓕.AsymptoticNegTime) :
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState (States.negAsymp φ)) = 0 := by
+  dsimp only [anPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+  rw [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma anPart_position (φ : 𝓕.PositionStates) :
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState (States.position φ)) =
+    ofCrAnState ⟨States.position φ, CreateAnnihilate.annihilate⟩ := by
+  dsimp only [anPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+  rw [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma anPart_posAsymp (φ : 𝓕.AsymptoticPosTime) :
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState (States.posAsymp φ)) = ofCrAnState ⟨States.posAsymp φ, ()⟩ := by
+  dsimp only [anPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+  rw [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+
+lemma ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart (φ : 𝓕.States) :
+    ofState φ = crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) + anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  rw [ofState]
+  cases φ with
+  | negAsymp φ =>
+    dsimp only [statesToCrAnType]
+    simp
+  | position φ =>
+    dsimp only [statesToCrAnType]
+    rw [CreateAnnihilate.sum_eq]
+    simp
+  | posAsymp φ =>
+    dsimp only [statesToCrAnType]
+    simp
+
+/-!
+
+## The basis of the creation and annihlation free-algebra.
+
+-/
+
+/-- The basis of the free creation and annihilation algebra formed by lists of CrAnStates. -/
+noncomputable def ofCrAnListBasis : Basis (List 𝓕.CrAnStates) ℂ (CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) where
+  repr := FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toLinearEquiv
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofListBasis_eq_ofList (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnListBasis φs = ofCrAnList φs := by
+  simp only [ofCrAnListBasis, FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
+    Basis.coe_ofRepr, AlgEquiv.toLinearEquiv_symm, AlgEquiv.toLinearEquiv_apply,
+    AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, ofCrAnList]
+  erw [MonoidAlgebra.lift_apply]
+  simp only [zero_smul, Finsupp.sum_single_index, one_smul]
+  rw [@FreeMonoid.lift_apply]
+  simp only [List.prod]
+  match φs with
+  | [] => rfl
+  | φ :: φs =>
+    erw [List.map_cons]
+
+/-!
+
+## Some useful multi-linear maps.
+
+-/
+
+/-- The bi-linear map associated with multiplication in `CrAnAlgebra`. -/
+noncomputable def mulLinearMap : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 where
+  toFun a := {
+    toFun := fun b => a * b,
+    map_add' := fun c d => by
+      simp [mul_add]
+    map_smul' := by simp}
+  map_add' := fun a b => by
+    ext c
+    simp [add_mul]
+  map_smul' := by
+    intros
+    ext c
+    simp [smul_mul']
+
+lemma mulLinearMap_apply (a b : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    mulLinearMap a b = a * b := by rfl
+
+/-- The linear map associated with scalar-multiplication in `CrAnAlgebra`. -/
+noncomputable def smulLinearMap (c : ℂ) : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 where
+  toFun a := c • a
+  map_add' := by simp
+  map_smul' m x := by
+    simp only [smul_smul, RingHom.id_apply]
+    rw [NonUnitalNormedCommRing.mul_comm]
+
+end CrAnAlgebra
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/CrAnAlgebra/NormalOrder.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,555 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.NormalOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.SuperCommute
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
+/-!
+
+# Normal Ordering
+
+The normal ordering puts all creation operators to the left and all annihilation operators to the
+right. It acts on `CrAnStates` and defines a linear map from the `CrAnAlgebra` to itself.
+
+The normal ordering satisfies a number of nice properties with relation to the operator
+algebra 𝓞.A.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+open FieldStatistic
+/-!
+
+## Normal order on the CrAnAlgebra
+
+-/
+namespace CrAnAlgebra
+
+noncomputable section
+
+/-- The linear map on the free creation and annihlation
+  algebra defined as the map taking
+  a list of CrAnStates to the normal-ordered list of states multiplied by
+  the sign corresponding to the number of fermionic-fermionic
+  exchanges done in ordering. -/
+def normalOrder : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  Basis.constr ofCrAnListBasis ℂ fun φs =>
+  normalOrderSign φs • ofCrAnList (normalOrderList φs)
+
+lemma normalOrder_ofCrAnList (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs) = normalOrderSign φs • ofCrAnList (normalOrderList φs) := by
+  rw [← ofListBasis_eq_ofList]
+  simp only [normalOrder, Basis.constr_basis]
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_eq_normalOrder (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnList (normalOrderList φs) = normalOrderSign φs • normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs) := by
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList, normalOrderList]
+  rw [smul_smul]
+  simp only [normalOrderSign]
+  rw [Wick.koszulSign_mul_self]
+  simp
+
+lemma normalOrder_one : normalOrder (𝓕 := 𝓕) 1 = 1 := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_nil, normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+  simp
+
+lemma normalOrder_ofCrAnList_cons_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList (φ :: φs)) =
+    ofCrAnState φ * normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs) := by
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+  rw [normalOrderSign_cons_create φ hφ, normalOrderList_cons_create φ hφ φs]
+  rw [ofCrAnList_cons, normalOrder_ofCrAnList, mul_smul_comm]
+
+lemma normalOrder_create_mul (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (a : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnState φ * a) = ofCrAnState φ * normalOrder a := by
+  change (normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap (ofCrAnState φ)) a =
+    (mulLinearMap (ofCrAnState φ) ∘ₗ normalOrder) a
+  refine LinearMap.congr_fun ?h a
+  apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+  intro l
+  simp only [mulLinearMap, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, ofListBasis_eq_ofList,
+    LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_cons]
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList_cons_create φ hφ]
+
+lemma normalOrder_ofCrAnList_append_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList (φs ++ [φ])) =
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs) * ofCrAnState φ := by
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+  rw [normalOrderSign_append_annihlate φ hφ φs, normalOrderList_append_annihilate φ hφ φs]
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton, normalOrder_ofCrAnList, smul_mul_assoc]
+
+lemma normalOrder_mul_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (a : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (a * ofCrAnState φ) = normalOrder a * ofCrAnState φ := by
+  change (normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap.flip (ofCrAnState φ)) a =
+    (mulLinearMap.flip (ofCrAnState φ) ∘ₗ normalOrder) a
+  refine LinearMap.congr_fun ?h a
+  apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+  intro l
+  simp only [mulLinearMap, ofListBasis_eq_ofList, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
+    LinearMap.flip_apply, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList_append_annihilate φ hφ]
+
+lemma normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs' * ofCrAnState φc * ofCrAnState φa * ofCrAnList φs) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φc, 𝓕 |>ₛ φa) •
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs' * ofCrAnState φa * ofCrAnState φc * ofCrAnList φs) := by
+  rw [mul_assoc, mul_assoc, ← ofCrAnList_cons, ← ofCrAnList_cons, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList, normalOrderSign_swap_create_annihlate φc φa hφc hφa]
+  rw [normalOrderList_swap_create_annihlate φc φa hφc hφa]
+  rw [← smul_smul, ← normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+  congr
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_cons, ofCrAnList_cons]
+  noncomm_ring
+
+lemma normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate_ofCrAnList (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) (a : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnState φc * ofCrAnState φa * a) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φc, 𝓕 |>ₛ φa) •
+    normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnState φa * ofCrAnState φc * a) := by
+  change (normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap (ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnState φc * ofCrAnState φa)) a =
+    (smulLinearMap _ ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+    mulLinearMap (ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnState φa * ofCrAnState φc)) a
+  refine LinearMap.congr_fun ?h a
+  apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+  intro l
+  simp only [mulLinearMap, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, ofListBasis_eq_ofList,
+    LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+  rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList φc φa hφc hφa]
+  rfl
+
+lemma normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    normalOrder (a * ofCrAnState φc * ofCrAnState φa * b) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φc, 𝓕 |>ₛ φa) •
+    normalOrder (a * ofCrAnState φa * ofCrAnState φc * b) := by
+  rw [mul_assoc, mul_assoc, mul_assoc, mul_assoc]
+  change (normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap.flip (ofCrAnState φc * (ofCrAnState φa * b))) a =
+    (smulLinearMap (𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φc, 𝓕 |>ₛ φa)) ∘ₗ
+    normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap.flip (ofCrAnState φa * (ofCrAnState φc * b))) a
+  apply LinearMap.congr_fun
+  apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+  intro l
+  simp only [mulLinearMap, ofListBasis_eq_ofList, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
+    LinearMap.flip_apply, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+  repeat rw [← mul_assoc]
+  rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate_ofCrAnList φc φa hφc hφa]
+  rfl
+
+lemma normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnState φc) (ofCrAnState φa) * b) = 0 := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [mul_sub, sub_mul, map_sub, ← smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc]
+  rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate φc φa hφc hφa]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc,
+    map_smul, sub_self]
+
+lemma normalOrder_superCommute_annihilate_create (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φc) * b) = 0 := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState_symm]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, neg_smul, mul_neg, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, neg_mul,
+    Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_neg, map_smul, neg_eq_zero, smul_eq_zero]
+  apply Or.inr
+  exact normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate φc φa hφc hφa a b
+
+lemma normalOrder_crPart_mul (φ : 𝓕.States) (a : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * a) =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * normalOrder a := by
+  match φ with
+  | .negAsymp φ =>
+    dsimp only [crPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+    simp only [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+    exact normalOrder_create_mul ⟨States.negAsymp φ, ()⟩ rfl a
+  | .position φ =>
+    dsimp only [crPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+    simp only [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+    refine normalOrder_create_mul _ ?_ _
+    simp [crAnStatesToCreateAnnihilate]
+  | .posAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+
+lemma normalOrder_mul_anPart (φ : 𝓕.States) (a : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (a * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) =
+    normalOrder a * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  match φ with
+  | .negAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ =>
+    dsimp only [anPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+    simp only [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+    refine normalOrder_mul_annihilate _ ?_ _
+    simp [crAnStatesToCreateAnnihilate]
+  | .posAsymp φ =>
+    dsimp only [anPart, StateAlgebra.ofState]
+    simp only [FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
+    refine normalOrder_mul_annihilate _ ?_ _
+    simp [crAnStatesToCreateAnnihilate]
+
+lemma normalOrder_swap_crPart_anPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) (a b : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (a * (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) * (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) * b) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    normalOrder (a * (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) *
+      (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) * b) := by
+  match φ, φ' with
+  | _, .negAsymp φ' =>
+    simp
+  | .posAsymp φ, _ =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ, .position φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate]
+    simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, crAnStatistics, Function.comp_apply, crAnStatesToStates_prod]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | .negAsymp φ, .posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate]
+    simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, crAnStatistics, Function.comp_apply, crAnStatesToStates_prod]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | .negAsymp φ, .position φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate]
+    simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, crAnStatistics, Function.comp_apply, crAnStatesToStates_prod]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | .position φ, .posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate]
+    simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, crAnStatistics, Function.comp_apply, crAnStatesToStates_prod]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+
+lemma normalOrder_swap_anPart_crPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) (a b : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (a * (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) * (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) * b) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') • normalOrder (a * (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) *
+      (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) * b) := by
+  rw [normalOrder_swap_crPart_anPart]
+  rw [smul_smul, FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_symm, FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  simp
+
+lemma normalOrder_superCommute_crPart_anPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) (a b : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (a * superCommute
+    (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) * b) = 0 := by
+  match φ, φ' with
+  | _, .negAsymp φ' =>
+    simp
+  | .posAsymp φ', _ =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ, .position φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, anPart_position]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+  | .negAsymp φ, .posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, anPart_posAsymp]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+  | .negAsymp φ, .position φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, anPart_position]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+  | .position φ, .posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, anPart_posAsymp]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+
+lemma normalOrder_superCommute_anPart_crPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) (a b : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕) :
+    normalOrder (a * superCommute
+    (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) * b) = 0 := by
+  match φ, φ' with
+  | .negAsymp φ', _ =>
+    simp
+  | _, .posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ, .position φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, crPart_position]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_annihilate_create _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+  | .posAsymp φ', .negAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, crPart_negAsymp]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_annihilate_create _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+  | .position φ', .negAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, crPart_negAsymp]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_annihilate_create _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+  | .posAsymp φ, .position φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, crPart_position]
+    refine normalOrder_superCommute_annihilate_create _ _ (by rfl) (by rfl) _ _
+
+lemma normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_create_create_ofCrAnList
+    (φc φc' : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφc' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc' = CreateAnnihilate.create) (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    (normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs *
+    superCommute (ofCrAnState φc) (ofCrAnState φc') * ofCrAnList φs')) =
+      normalOrderSign (φs ++ φc' :: φc :: φs') •
+    (ofCrAnList (createFilter φs) * superCommute (ofCrAnState φc) (ofCrAnState φc') *
+      ofCrAnList (createFilter φs') * ofCrAnList (annihilateFilter (φs ++ φs'))) := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState]
+  rw [mul_sub, sub_mul, map_sub]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    rhs
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_append, ← ofCrAnList_append,
+      ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+    rw [normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter]
+    rw [createFilter_append, createFilter_append, createFilter_append,
+      createFilter_singleton_create _ hφc, createFilter_singleton_create _ hφc']
+    rw [annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append,
+      annihilateFilter_singleton_create _ hφc, annihilateFilter_singleton_create _ hφc']
+    enter [2, 1, 2]
+    simp only [List.singleton_append, List.append_assoc, List.cons_append, List.append_nil,
+      instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, map_smul]
+    rw [← annihilateFilter_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    rw [smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [Algebra.mul_smul_comm, smul_mul_assoc]
+    rhs
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_append, ← ofCrAnList_append,
+      ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [map_smul]
+    rhs
+    rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+    rw [normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter]
+    rw [createFilter_append, createFilter_append, createFilter_append,
+      createFilter_singleton_create _ hφc, createFilter_singleton_create _ hφc']
+    rw [annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append,
+      annihilateFilter_singleton_create _ hφc, annihilateFilter_singleton_create _ hφc']
+    enter [2, 1, 2]
+    simp only [List.singleton_append, List.append_assoc, List.cons_append, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+      List.append_nil, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← annihilateFilter_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    lhs
+    simp
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    lhs
+    simp
+  rw [normalOrderSign_swap_create_create φc φc' hφc hφc']
+  rw [smul_smul, mul_comm, ← smul_smul]
+  rw [← smul_sub, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append]
+    rw [← smul_mul_assoc, ← smul_mul_assoc, ← Algebra.mul_smul_comm]
+  rw [← sub_mul, ← sub_mul, ← mul_sub]
+  congr
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_singleton, smul_mul_assoc]
+
+lemma normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_annihilate_annihilate_ofCrAnList
+    (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (hφa' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa' = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    (normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs *
+      superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * ofCrAnList φs')) =
+      normalOrderSign (φs ++ φa' :: φa :: φs') •
+    (ofCrAnList (createFilter (φs ++ φs'))
+      * ofCrAnList (annihilateFilter φs) * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa')
+      * ofCrAnList (annihilateFilter φs')) := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState]
+  rw [mul_sub, sub_mul, map_sub]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    rhs
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_append, ← ofCrAnList_append,
+      ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+    rw [normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter]
+    rw [createFilter_append, createFilter_append, createFilter_append,
+      createFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa, createFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa']
+    rw [annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append,
+      annihilateFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa, annihilateFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa']
+    enter [2, 1, 1]
+    simp only [List.singleton_append, List.append_assoc, List.cons_append, List.append_nil,
+      instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, map_smul]
+    rw [← createFilter_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    rw [smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [Algebra.mul_smul_comm, smul_mul_assoc]
+    rhs
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_append, ← ofCrAnList_append,
+      ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [map_smul]
+    rhs
+    rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+    rw [normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter]
+    rw [createFilter_append, createFilter_append, createFilter_append,
+      createFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa, createFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa']
+    rw [annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append, annihilateFilter_append,
+      annihilateFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa, annihilateFilter_singleton_annihilate _ hφa']
+    enter [2, 1, 1]
+    simp only [List.singleton_append, List.append_assoc, List.cons_append, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+      List.append_nil, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← createFilter_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    lhs
+    simp
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    lhs
+    simp
+  rw [normalOrderSign_swap_annihilate_annihilate φa φa' hφa hφa']
+  rw [smul_smul, mul_comm, ← smul_smul]
+  rw [← smul_sub, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append]
+    rw [← Algebra.mul_smul_comm, ← smul_mul_assoc, ← Algebra.mul_smul_comm]
+  rw [← mul_sub, ← sub_mul, ← mul_sub]
+  apply congrArg
+  conv_rhs => rw [mul_assoc, mul_assoc]
+  apply congrArg
+  rw [mul_assoc]
+  apply congrArg
+  congr
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_singleton, smul_mul_assoc]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrder_crPart_mul_crPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    normalOrder (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') := by
+  rw [normalOrder_crPart_mul]
+  conv_lhs => rw [← mul_one (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ'))]
+  rw [normalOrder_crPart_mul, normalOrder_one]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrder_anPart_mul_anPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    normalOrder (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) =
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') := by
+  rw [normalOrder_mul_anPart]
+  conv_lhs => rw [← one_mul (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ))]
+  rw [normalOrder_mul_anPart, normalOrder_one]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrder_crPart_mul_anPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    normalOrder (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') := by
+  rw [normalOrder_crPart_mul]
+  conv_lhs => rw [← one_mul (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ'))]
+  rw [normalOrder_mul_anPart, normalOrder_one]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrder_anPart_mul_crPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    normalOrder (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) := by
+  conv_lhs => rw [← one_mul (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ'))]
+  conv_lhs => rw [← mul_one (1 * (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) *
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')))]
+  rw [← mul_assoc, normalOrder_swap_anPart_crPart]
+  simp
+
+lemma normalOrder_ofState_mul_ofState (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    normalOrder (ofState φ * ofState φ') =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') +
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    (crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) +
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') +
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') := by
+  rw [ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart, ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart]
+  rw [mul_add, add_mul, add_mul]
+  simp only [map_add, normalOrder_crPart_mul_crPart, normalOrder_anPart_mul_crPart,
+    instCommGroup.eq_1, normalOrder_crPart_mul_anPart, normalOrder_anPart_mul_anPart]
+  abel
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_superCommute_normalOrder_ofCrAnList (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs')⟩ₛca =
+    ofCrAnList φs * normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs') -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs') * ofCrAnList φs := by
+  simp [normalOrder_ofCrAnList, map_smul, superCommute_ofCrAnList, ofCrAnList_append,
+    smul_sub, smul_smul, mul_comm]
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.States) : ⟨ofCrAnList φs, normalOrder (ofStateList φs')⟩ₛca =
+    ofCrAnList φs * normalOrder (ofStateList φs') -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • normalOrder (ofStateList φs') * ofCrAnList φs := by
+  rw [ofStateList_sum, map_sum, Finset.mul_sum, Finset.smul_sum, Finset.sum_mul,
+    ← Finset.sum_sub_distrib, map_sum]
+  congr
+  funext n
+  rw [ofCrAnList_superCommute_normalOrder_ofCrAnList,
+    CrAnSection.statistics_eq_state_statistics]
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofCrAnList φs * normalOrder (ofStateList φs') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • normalOrder (ofStateList φs') * ofCrAnList φs
+    + ⟨ofCrAnList φs, normalOrder (ofStateList φs')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [ofCrAnList_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList]
+  simp
+
+lemma ofCrAnState_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofCrAnState φ * normalOrder (ofStateList φs') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • normalOrder (ofStateList φs') * ofCrAnState φ
+    + ⟨ofCrAnState φ, normalOrder (ofStateList φs')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute]
+  simp [ofCrAnList_singleton]
+
+lemma anPart_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute (φ : 𝓕.States)
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * normalOrder (ofStateList φs') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • normalOrder (ofStateList φs' * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ))
+    + ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), normalOrder (ofStateList φs')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [normalOrder_mul_anPart]
+  match φ with
+  | .negAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [ofCrAnState_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+  | .posAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [ofCrAnState_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+
+end
+
+end CrAnAlgebra
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/CrAnAlgebra/SuperCommute.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.Basic
+/-!
+
+# Super Commute
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace CrAnAlgebra
+
+open StateAlgebra
+
+/-!
+
+## The super commutor on the creation and annihlation algebra.
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-- The super commutor on the creation and annihlation algebra. For two bosonic operators
+  or a bosonic and fermionic operator this corresponds to the usual commutator
+  whilst for two fermionic operators this corresponds to the anti-commutator. -/
+noncomputable def superCommute : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra →ₗ[ℂ] 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra →ₗ[ℂ] 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra :=
+  Basis.constr ofCrAnListBasis ℂ fun φs =>
+  Basis.constr ofCrAnListBasis ℂ fun φs' =>
+  ofCrAnList (φs ++ φs') - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofCrAnList (φs' ++ φs)
+
+/-- The super commutor on the creation and annihlation algebra. For two bosonic operators
+  or a bosonic and fermionic operator this corresponds to the usual commutator
+  whilst for two fermionic operators this corresponds to the anti-commutator. -/
+scoped[FieldStruct.CrAnAlgebra] notation "⟨" φs "," φs' "⟩ₛca" => superCommute φs φs'
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnList φs'⟩ₛca =
+    ofCrAnList (φs ++ φs') - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofCrAnList (φs' ++ φs) := by
+  rw [← ofListBasis_eq_ofList, ← ofListBasis_eq_ofList]
+  simp only [superCommute, Basis.constr_basis]
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList (φcas : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φcas, ofStateList φs⟩ₛca = ofCrAnList φcas * ofStateList φs -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φcas, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs) • ofStateList φs * ofCrAnList φcas := by
+  conv_lhs => rw [ofStateList_sum]
+  rw [map_sum]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    enter [2, x]
+    rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList, CrAnSection.statistics_eq_state_statistics,
+      ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_append]
+  rw [Finset.sum_sub_distrib, ← Finset.mul_sum, ← Finset.smul_sum,
+    ← Finset.sum_mul, ← ofStateList_sum]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_ofStateList_ofStatesList (φ : List 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨ofStateList φ, ofStateList φs⟩ₛca = ofStateList φ * ofStateList φs -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs) • ofStateList φs * ofStateList φ := by
+  conv_lhs => rw [ofStateList_sum]
+  simp only [map_sum, LinearMap.coeFn_sum, Finset.sum_apply, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+    Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    enter [2, x]
+    rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, CrAnSection.statistics_eq_state_statistics,
+    Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, Finset.sum_sub_distrib]
+  rw [← Finset.sum_mul, ← Finset.smul_sum, ← Finset.mul_sum, ← ofStateList_sum]
+
+lemma superCommute_ofState_ofStatesList (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨ofState φ, ofStateList φs⟩ₛca = ofState φ * ofStateList φs -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs) • ofStateList φs * ofState φ := by
+  rw [← ofStateList_singleton, superCommute_ofStateList_ofStatesList, ofStateList_singleton]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_ofStateList_ofStates (φs : List 𝓕.States) (φ : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨ofStateList φs, ofState φ⟩ₛca = ofStateList φs * ofState φ -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ) • ofState φ * ofStateList φs := by
+  rw [← ofStateList_singleton, superCommute_ofStateList_ofStatesList, ofStateList_singleton]
+  simp
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_mul_ofCrAnList_eq_superCommute (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnList φs' = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofCrAnList φs' * ofCrAnList φs
+    + ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  simp [ofCrAnList_append]
+
+lemma ofCrAnState_mul_ofCrAnList_eq_superCommute (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ofCrAnState φ * ofCrAnList φs' = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofCrAnList φs' * ofCrAnState φ
+    + ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_mul_ofCrAnList_eq_superCommute]
+  simp
+
+lemma ofStateList_mul_ofStateList_eq_superCommute (φs φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateList φs * ofStateList φs' = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofStateList φs' * ofStateList φs
+    + ⟨ofStateList φs, ofStateList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofStateList_ofStatesList]
+  simp
+
+lemma ofState_mul_ofStateList_eq_superCommute (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofState φ * ofStateList φs' = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofStateList φs' * ofState φ
+    + ⟨ofState φ, ofStateList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofState_ofStatesList]
+  simp
+
+lemma ofStateList_mul_ofState_eq_superCommute (φs : List 𝓕.States) (φ : 𝓕.States) :
+    ofStateList φs * ofState φ = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ) • ofState φ * ofStateList φs
+    + ⟨ofStateList φs, ofState φ⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofStateList_ofStates]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_anPart_crPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca =
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  match φ, φ' with
+  | States.negAsymp φ, _ =>
+    simp
+  | _, States.posAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [crPart_posAsymp, map_zero, mul_zero, instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_zero, zero_mul,
+      sub_self]
+  | States.position φ, States.position φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, crPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.posAsymp φ, States.position φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, crPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.position φ, States.negAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, crPart_negAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp only [List.singleton_append, instCommGroup.eq_1, crAnStatistics,
+      FieldStatistic.ofList_singleton, Function.comp_apply, crAnStatesToStates_prod, ←
+      ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.posAsymp φ, States.negAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, crPart_negAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+
+lemma superCommute_crPart_anPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+    match φ, φ' with
+    | States.posAsymp φ, _ =>
+    simp only [crPart_posAsymp, map_zero, LinearMap.zero_apply, zero_mul, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+      mul_zero, sub_self]
+    | _, States.negAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_negAsymp, map_zero, mul_zero, instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_zero, zero_mul,
+      sub_self]
+    | States.position φ, States.position φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+    | States.position φ, States.posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+    | States.negAsymp φ, States.position φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+    | States.negAsymp φ, States.posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+
+lemma superCommute_crPart_crPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  match φ, φ' with
+  | States.posAsymp φ, _ =>
+  simp only [crPart_posAsymp, map_zero, LinearMap.zero_apply, zero_mul, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+    mul_zero, sub_self]
+  | _, States.posAsymp φ =>
+  simp only [crPart_posAsymp, map_zero, mul_zero, instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_zero, zero_mul, sub_self]
+  | States.position φ, States.position φ' =>
+  simp only [crPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.position φ, States.negAsymp φ' =>
+  simp only [crPart_position, crPart_negAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.negAsymp φ, States.position φ' =>
+  simp only [crPart_negAsymp, crPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.negAsymp φ, States.negAsymp φ' =>
+  simp only [crPart_negAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+
+lemma superCommute_anPart_anPart (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca =
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  match φ, φ' with
+  | States.negAsymp φ, _ =>
+    simp
+  | _, States.negAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+  | States.position φ, States.position φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.position φ, States.posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.posAsymp φ, States.position φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  | States.posAsymp φ, States.posAsymp φ' =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+
+lemma crPart_anPart_eq_superCommute (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) +
+    ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_crPart_anPart]
+  simp
+
+lemma anPart_crPart_eq_superCommute (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) +
+    ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_anPart_crPart]
+  simp
+
+lemma crPart_crPart_eq_superCommute (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) +
+    ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_crPart_crPart]
+  simp
+
+lemma anPart_anPart_eq_superCommute (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) +
+    ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ')⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_anPart_anPart]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_crPart_ofStatesList (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofStateList φs⟩ₛca =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofStateList φs - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs) • ofStateList φs *
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  match φ with
+  | States.negAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+  | States.position φ =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+  | States.posAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+
+lemma superCommute_anPart_ofStatesList (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofStateList φs⟩ₛca =
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofStateList φs - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs) •
+    ofStateList φs * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  match φ with
+  | States.negAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+  | States.position φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+  | States.posAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+
+lemma superCommute_crPart_ofState (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofState φ'⟩ₛca =
+    crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofState φ' -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    ofState φ' * crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  rw [← ofStateList_singleton, superCommute_crPart_ofStatesList]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_anPart_ofState (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofState φ'⟩ₛca =
+    anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofState φ' -
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    ofState φ' * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) := by
+  rw [← ofStateList_singleton, superCommute_anPart_ofStatesList]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnState (φ φ' : 𝓕.CrAnStates) : ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState φ'⟩ₛca =
+    ofCrAnState φ * ofCrAnState φ' - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') • ofCrAnState φ' * ofCrAnState φ := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList, ofCrAnList_append]
+  congr
+  rw [ofCrAnList_append]
+  rw [FieldStatistic.ofList_singleton, FieldStatistic.ofList_singleton, smul_mul_assoc]
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList_symm (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnList φs'⟩ₛca =
+    (- 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs')) •
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs', ofCrAnList φs⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList, superCommute_ofCrAnList, smul_sub]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, neg_smul, sub_neg_eq_add]
+  rw [smul_smul]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [exchangeSign_symm, exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  simp only [one_smul]
+  abel
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnState_symm (φ φ' : 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState φ'⟩ₛca =
+    (- 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ')) • ⟨ofCrAnState φ', ofCrAnState φ⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState, superCommute_ofCrAnState]
+  rw [smul_sub]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, neg_smul, sub_neg_eq_add]
+  rw [smul_smul]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [exchangeSign_symm, exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  simp only [one_smul]
+  abel
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_cons (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnList (φ :: φs')⟩ₛca =
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnState φ⟩ₛca * ofCrAnList φs' +
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ)
+    • ofCrAnState φ * ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    lhs
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList, sub_mul, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+    rhs
+    rw [FieldStatistic.ofList_singleton, ofCrAnList_append, ofCrAnList_singleton, smul_mul_assoc,
+      mul_assoc, ← ofCrAnList_append]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList, mul_sub, smul_mul_assoc]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, List.cons_append, List.append_assoc, List.nil_append,
+    Algebra.mul_smul_comm, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, sub_add_sub_cancel, sub_right_inj]
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_cons, smul_smul, FieldStatistic.ofList_cons_eq_mul]
+  simp only [instCommGroup, map_mul, mul_comm]
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStateList_cons (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.States) : ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofStateList (φ :: φs')⟩ₛca =
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofState φ⟩ₛca * ofStateList φs' +
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ) • ofState φ * ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofStateList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    lhs
+    rw [← ofStateList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList, sub_mul, mul_assoc,
+      ← ofStateList_append]
+    rhs
+    rw [FieldStatistic.ofList_singleton, ofStateList_singleton, smul_mul_assoc,
+      smul_mul_assoc, mul_assoc]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList, mul_sub, smul_mul_assoc]
+  simp only [instCommGroup, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, List.singleton_append, Algebra.mul_smul_comm,
+    sub_add_sub_cancel, sub_right_inj]
+  rw [ofStateList_cons, mul_assoc, smul_smul, FieldStatistic.ofList_cons_eq_mul]
+  simp [mul_comm]
+
+lemma ofCrAnList_mul_ofStateList_eq_superCommute (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofCrAnList φs * ofStateList φs' = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofStateList φs' * ofCrAnList φs
+    + ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofStateList φs'⟩ₛca := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList]
+  simp
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_sum (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnList φs'⟩ₛca =
+    ∑ (n : Fin φs'.length), 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ (List.take n φs')) •
+    ofCrAnList (φs'.take n) * ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofCrAnState (φs'.get n)⟩ₛca *
+    ofCrAnList (φs'.drop (n + 1))
+  | [] => by
+    simp [← ofCrAnList_nil, superCommute_ofCrAnList]
+  | φ :: φs' => by
+    rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_cons, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_sum φs φs']
+    conv_rhs => erw [Fin.sum_univ_succ]
+    congr 1
+    · simp
+    · simp [Finset.mul_sum, smul_smul, ofCrAnList_cons, mul_assoc,
+        FieldStatistic.ofList_cons_eq_mul, mul_comm]
+
+lemma superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStateList_eq_sum (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    (φs' : List 𝓕.States) →
+    ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofStateList φs'⟩ₛca =
+    ∑ (n : Fin φs'.length), 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ List.take n φs') •
+      ofStateList (φs'.take n) * ⟨ofCrAnList φs, ofState (φs'.get n)⟩ₛca *
+      ofStateList (φs'.drop (n + 1))
+  | [] => by
+    simp only [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStatesList, instCommGroup, ofList_empty,
+      exchangeSign_bosonic, one_smul, List.length_nil, Finset.univ_eq_empty, List.take_nil,
+      List.get_eq_getElem, List.drop_nil, Finset.sum_empty]
+    simp
+  | φ :: φs' => by
+    rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStateList_cons, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStateList_eq_sum φs φs']
+    conv_rhs => erw [Fin.sum_univ_succ]
+    congr 1
+    · simp
+    · simp [Finset.mul_sum, smul_smul, ofStateList_cons, mul_assoc,
+        FieldStatistic.ofList_cons_eq_mul, mul_comm]
+
+end CrAnAlgebra
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/OperatorAlgebra/Basic.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.SuperCommute
+/-!
+
+# The operator algebras
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable (𝓕 : FieldStruct)
+open CrAnAlgebra
+
+/-- The structure of an algebra with properties necessary for that algebra
+  to be isomorphic to the actual operator algebra of a field theory.
+  These properties are sufficent to prove certain theorems about the Operator algebra
+  in particular Wick's theorem. -/
+structure OperatorAlgebra where
+  /-- The algebra representing the operator algebra. -/
+  A : Type
+  /-- The instance of the type `A` as a semi-ring. -/
+  [A_semiRing : Semiring A]
+  /-- The instance of the type `A` as an algebra. -/
+  [A_algebra : Algebra ℂ A]
+  /-- An algebra map from the creation and annihilation free algebra to the
+    algebra A. -/
+  crAnF : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra →ₐ[ℂ] A
+  superCommute_crAn_center : ∀ (φ ψ : 𝓕.CrAnStates),
+    crAnF (superCommute (ofCrAnState φ) (ofCrAnState ψ))
+    ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ A
+  superCommute_create_create : ∀ (φc φc' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (_ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (_ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc' = CreateAnnihilate.create),
+    crAnF (superCommute (ofCrAnState φc) (ofCrAnState φc')) = 0
+  superCommute_annihilate_annihilate : ∀ (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (_ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (_ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa' = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate),
+    crAnF (superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa')) = 0
+  superCommute_different_statistics : ∀ (φ φ' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (_ : ¬ (𝓕 |>ₛ φ) = (𝓕 |>ₛ φ')),
+    crAnF (superCommute (ofCrAnState φ) (ofCrAnState φ')) = 0
+
+namespace OperatorAlgebra
+open FieldStatistic
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct} (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra)
+
+/-- The algebra `𝓞.A` carries the instance of a semi-ring induced via `A_seimRing`. -/
+instance : Semiring 𝓞.A := 𝓞.A_semiRing
+
+/-- The algebra `𝓞.A` carries the instance of aan algebra over `ℂ` induced via `A_algebra`. -/
+instance : Algebra ℂ 𝓞.A := 𝓞.A_algebra
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_mem_center (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (ψ : 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (superCommute (ofCrAnState φ) (ofState ψ)) ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A := by
+  rw [ofState, map_sum, map_sum]
+  refine Subalgebra.sum_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A) ?h
+  intro x _
+  exact 𝓞.superCommute_crAn_center φ ⟨ψ, x⟩
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_mem_center (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofState ψ⟩ₛca ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A := by
+  match φ with
+  | States.negAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [anPart_negAsymp, map_zero, LinearMap.zero_apply]
+    exact Subalgebra.zero_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A)
+  | States.position φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position]
+    exact 𝓞.crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_mem_center _ _
+  | States.posAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp]
+    exact 𝓞.crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_mem_center _ _
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_diff_grade_zero (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (ψ : 𝓕.States)
+    (h : (𝓕 |>ₛ φ) ≠ (𝓕 |>ₛ ψ)) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (superCommute (ofCrAnState φ) (ofState ψ)) = 0 := by
+  rw [ofState, map_sum, map_sum]
+  rw [Finset.sum_eq_zero]
+  intro x hx
+  apply 𝓞.superCommute_different_statistics
+  simpa [crAnStatistics] using h
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_diff_grade_zero (φ ψ : 𝓕.States)
+    (h : (𝓕 |>ₛ φ) ≠ (𝓕 |>ₛ ψ)) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (superCommute (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) (ofState ψ)) = 0 := by
+  match φ with
+  | States.negAsymp _ =>
+    simp
+  | States.position φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position]
+    apply 𝓞.crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_diff_grade_zero _ _ _
+    simpa [crAnStatistics] using h
+  | States.posAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp]
+    apply 𝓞.crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_diff_grade_zero _ _
+    simpa [crAnStatistics] using h
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_ofState_ofState_mem_center (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (superCommute (ofState φ) (ofState ψ)) ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A := by
+  rw [ofState, map_sum]
+  simp only [LinearMap.coeFn_sum, Finset.sum_apply, map_sum]
+  refine Subalgebra.sum_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A) ?h
+  intro x _
+  exact crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_mem_center 𝓞 ⟨φ, x⟩ ψ
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_anPart_anPart (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF ⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState ψ)⟩ₛca = 0 := by
+  match φ, ψ with
+  | _, States.negAsymp _ =>
+    simp
+  | States.negAsymp _, _ =>
+    simp
+  | States.position φ, States.position ψ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_annihilate_annihilate]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | States.position φ, States.posAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, anPart_posAsymp]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_annihilate_annihilate]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | States.posAsymp _, States.posAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_annihilate_annihilate]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | States.posAsymp _, States.position _ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, anPart_position]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_annihilate_annihilate]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_crPart_crPart (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF ⟨crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), crPart (StateAlgebra.ofState ψ)⟩ₛca = 0 := by
+  match φ, ψ with
+  | _, States.posAsymp _ =>
+    simp
+  | States.posAsymp _, _ =>
+    simp
+  | States.position φ, States.position ψ =>
+    simp only [crPart_position]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_create_create]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | States.position φ, States.negAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [crPart_position, crPart_negAsymp]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_create_create]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.negAsymp _ =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_create_create]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.position _ =>
+    simp only [crPart_negAsymp, crPart_position]
+    rw [𝓞.superCommute_create_create]
+    rfl
+    rfl
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnList_eq_sum (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    𝓞.crAnF ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnList φs⟩ₛca
+    = 𝓞.crAnF (∑ (n : Fin φs.length), 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ (List.take n φs)) •
+    ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState (φs.get n)⟩ₛca * ofCrAnList (φs.eraseIdx n)) := by
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_sum]
+  rw [map_sum, map_sum]
+  congr
+  funext x
+  repeat rw [map_mul]
+  rw [map_smul, map_smul, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  have h := Subalgebra.mem_center_iff.mp (𝓞.superCommute_crAn_center φ (φs.get x))
+  rw [h, mul_smul_comm, smul_mul_assoc, smul_mul_assoc, mul_assoc]
+  congr 1
+  · simp
+  · congr
+    rw [← map_mul, ← ofCrAnList_append, ← List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ]
+
+lemma crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofStateList_eq_sum (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofStateList φs⟩ₛca
+    = 𝓞.crAnF (∑ (n : Fin φs.length), 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ (List.take n φs)) •
+    ⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofState (φs.get n)⟩ₛca * ofStateList (φs.eraseIdx n)) := by
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofStateList_eq_sum]
+  rw [map_sum, map_sum]
+  congr
+  funext x
+  repeat rw [map_mul]
+  rw [map_smul, map_smul, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  have h := Subalgebra.mem_center_iff.mp
+    (crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofState_mem_center 𝓞 φ (φs.get x))
+  rw [h, mul_smul_comm, smul_mul_assoc, smul_mul_assoc, mul_assoc]
+  congr 1
+  · simp
+  · congr
+    rw [← map_mul, ← ofStateList_append, ← List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ]
+
+end OperatorAlgebra
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/OperatorAlgebra/NormalOrder.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.NormalOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
+/-!
+
+# Normal Ordering
+
+The normal ordering puts all creation operators to the left and all annihilation operators to the
+right. It acts on `CrAnStates` and defines a linear map from the `CrAnAlgebra` to itself.
+
+The normal ordering satisfies a number of nice properties with relation to the operator
+algebra 𝓞.A.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace OperatorAlgebra
+variable {𝓞 : OperatorAlgebra 𝓕}
+open CrAnAlgebra
+open FieldStatistic
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_create_create_ofCrAnList
+    (φc φc' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφc' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc' = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder
+    (ofCrAnList φs * superCommute (ofCrAnState φc) (ofCrAnState φc') * ofCrAnList φs')) = 0 := by
+  rw [normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_create_create_ofCrAnList φc φc' hφc hφc' φs φs']
+  rw [map_smul, map_mul, map_mul, map_mul, 𝓞.superCommute_create_create φc φc' hφc hφc']
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_annihilate_annihilate_ofCrAnList
+    (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (hφa' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa' = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder
+    (ofCrAnList φs * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * ofCrAnList φs')) = 0 := by
+  rw [normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_annihilate_annihilate_ofCrAnList φa φa' hφa hφa' φs φs']
+  rw [map_smul, map_mul, map_mul, map_mul, 𝓞.superCommute_annihilate_annihilate φa φa' hφa hφa']
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_zero
+    (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder
+      (ofCrAnList φs * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * ofCrAnList φs')) = 0 := by
+  rcases CreateAnnihilate.eq_create_or_annihilate (𝓕 |>ᶜ φa) with hφa | hφa
+  <;> rcases CreateAnnihilate.eq_create_or_annihilate (𝓕 |>ᶜ φa') with hφa' | hφa'
+  · rw [normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_create_create_ofCrAnList φa φa' hφa hφa' φs φs']
+    rw [map_smul, map_mul, map_mul, map_mul, 𝓞.superCommute_create_create φa φa' hφa hφa']
+    simp
+  · rw [normalOrder_superCommute_create_annihilate φa φa' hφa hφa' (ofCrAnList φs)
+      (ofCrAnList φs')]
+    simp
+  · rw [normalOrder_superCommute_annihilate_create φa' φa hφa' hφa (ofCrAnList φs)
+      (ofCrAnList φs')]
+    simp
+  · rw [normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_annihilate_annihilate_ofCrAnList φa φa' hφa hφa' φs φs']
+    rw [map_smul, map_mul, map_mul, map_mul, 𝓞.superCommute_annihilate_annihilate φa φa' hφa hφa']
+    simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_eq_zero
+    (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (a : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs *
+    superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * a)) = 0 := by
+  change (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+    mulLinearMap ((ofCrAnList φs * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa')))) a = 0
+  have hf : 𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+      mulLinearMap ((ofCrAnList φs * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa'))) = 0 := by
+    apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+    intro l
+    simp only [ofListBasis_eq_ofList, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
+      AlgHom.toLinearMap_apply, LinearMap.zero_apply]
+    exact crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_zero φa φa' φs l
+  rw [hf]
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_eq_zero_mul (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * b)) = 0 := by
+  rw [mul_assoc]
+  change (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap.flip
+    ((superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * b))) a = 0
+  have hf : (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ mulLinearMap.flip
+      ((superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnState φa') * b))) = 0 := by
+    apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+    intro l
+    simp only [mulLinearMap, ofListBasis_eq_ofList, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
+      LinearMap.flip_apply, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, AlgHom.toLinearMap_apply,
+      LinearMap.zero_apply]
+    rw [← mul_assoc]
+    exact crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_eq_zero φa φa' _ _
+  rw [hf]
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnList_eq_zero_mul (φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnState φa) (ofCrAnList φs) * b)) = 0 := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_sum]
+  rw [Finset.mul_sum, Finset.sum_mul]
+  rw [map_sum, map_sum]
+  apply Fintype.sum_eq_zero
+  intro n
+  rw [← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc]
+  rw [mul_assoc _ _ b, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_eq_zero_mul]
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnState_eq_zero_mul (φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnList φs) (ofCrAnState φa) * b)) = 0 := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, superCommute_ofCrAnList_symm, ofCrAnList_singleton]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, FieldStatistic.ofList_singleton, mul_neg,
+    Algebra.mul_smul_comm, neg_mul, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_neg, map_smul]
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnList_eq_zero_mul]
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_zero_mul
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnList φs) (ofCrAnList φs') * b)) = 0 := by
+  rw [superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_sum, Finset.mul_sum, Finset.sum_mul]
+  rw [map_sum, map_sum]
+  apply Fintype.sum_eq_zero
+  intro n
+  rw [← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc]
+  rw [mul_assoc _ _ b]
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnState_eq_zero_mul]
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_eq_zero_mul
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (a b c : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute (ofCrAnList φs) c * b)) = 0 := by
+  change (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+    mulLinearMap.flip b ∘ₗ mulLinearMap a ∘ₗ superCommute (ofCrAnList φs)) c = 0
+  have hf : (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+    mulLinearMap.flip b ∘ₗ mulLinearMap a ∘ₗ superCommute (ofCrAnList φs)) = 0 := by
+    apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+    intro φs'
+    simp only [mulLinearMap, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, ofListBasis_eq_ofList,
+      LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply, LinearMap.flip_apply, AlgHom.toLinearMap_apply,
+      LinearMap.zero_apply]
+    rw [crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_eq_zero_mul]
+  rw [hf]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul
+    (a b c d : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute d c * b)) = 0 := by
+  change (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+    mulLinearMap.flip b ∘ₗ mulLinearMap a ∘ₗ superCommute.flip c) d = 0
+  have hf : (𝓞.crAnF.toLinearMap ∘ₗ normalOrder ∘ₗ
+    mulLinearMap.flip b ∘ₗ mulLinearMap a ∘ₗ superCommute.flip c) = 0 := by
+    apply ofCrAnListBasis.ext
+    intro φs
+    simp only [mulLinearMap, LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, ofListBasis_eq_ofList,
+      LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply, LinearMap.flip_apply, AlgHom.toLinearMap_apply,
+      LinearMap.zero_apply]
+    rw [crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnList_eq_zero_mul]
+  rw [hf]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul_right
+    (b c d : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (superCommute d c * b)) = 0 := by
+  rw [← crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul 1 b c d]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul_left
+    (a c d : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (a * superCommute d c)) = 0 := by
+  rw [← crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul a 1 c d]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero
+    (c d : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (superCommute d c)) = 0 := by
+  rw [← crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul 1 1 c d]
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_ofState_ofState_swap (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofState φ * ofState φ')) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofState φ' * ofState φ)) := by
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    rw [ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart, ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart]
+    rw [mul_add, add_mul, add_mul]
+    rw [crPart_crPart_eq_superCommute, crPart_anPart_eq_superCommute,
+      anPart_anPart_eq_superCommute, anPart_crPart_eq_superCommute]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_add, map_smul,
+    normalOrder_crPart_mul_crPart, normalOrder_crPart_mul_anPart, normalOrder_anPart_mul_crPart,
+    normalOrder_anPart_mul_anPart, map_mul, crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero, add_zero]
+  rw [normalOrder_ofState_mul_ofState]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, map_add, map_mul, map_smul, smul_add]
+  rw [smul_smul]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_mul_self_swap, one_smul]
+  abel
+
+open FieldStatistic
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnList_swap (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofCrAnState φ * ofCrAnList φs)) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs) • 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs * ofCrAnState φ)) := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_mul_ofCrAnList_eq_superCommute]
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_ofCrAnState_ofStatesList_swap (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φ' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofCrAnState φ * ofStateList φ')) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList φ' * ofCrAnState φ)) := by
+  rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ofCrAnList_mul_ofStateList_eq_superCommute]
+  simp
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_anPart_ofStatesList_swap (φ : 𝓕.States)
+    (φ' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofStateList φ')) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList φ' * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ))) := by
+  match φ with
+  | .negAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [crAnF_normalOrder_ofCrAnState_ofStatesList_swap]
+    rfl
+  | .posAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [crAnF_normalOrder_ofCrAnState_ofStatesList_swap]
+    rfl
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_ofStatesList_anPart_swap (φ : 𝓕.States) (φ' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList φ' * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)))
+    = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofStateList φ')) := by
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_anPart_ofStatesList_swap]
+  simp [smul_smul, FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_mul_self]
+
+lemma crAnF_normalOrder_ofStatesList_mul_anPart_swap (φ : 𝓕.States)
+    (φ' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList φ') * anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ)) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φ') •
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofStateList φ')) := by
+  rw [← normalOrder_mul_anPart]
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_ofStatesList_anPart_swap]
+
+lemma crAnF_ofCrAnState_superCommute_normalOrder_ofCrAnList_eq_sum (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : 𝓞.crAnF (⟨ofCrAnState φ, normalOrder (ofCrAnList φs)⟩ₛca) =
+    ∑ n : Fin φs.length, 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n)) •
+      𝓞.crAnF (⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState φs[n]⟩ₛca)
+      * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofCrAnList (φs.eraseIdx n))) := by
+  rw [normalOrder_ofCrAnList, map_smul, map_smul]
+  rw [crAnF_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnList_eq_sum, sum_normalOrderList_length]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, List.get_eq_getElem, normalOrderList_get_normalOrderEquiv,
+    normalOrderList_eraseIdx_normalOrderEquiv, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_sum, map_smul, map_mul,
+    Finset.smul_sum, Fin.getElem_fin]
+  congr
+  funext n
+  rw [ofCrAnList_eq_normalOrder, map_smul, mul_smul_comm, smul_smul, smul_smul]
+  by_cases hs : (𝓕 |>ₛ φ) = (𝓕 |>ₛ φs[n])
+  · congr
+    erw [normalOrderSign_eraseIdx, ← hs]
+    trans (normalOrderSign φs * normalOrderSign φs) *
+      (𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.get n), 𝓕 |>ₛ ((normalOrderList φs).take (normalOrderEquiv n))) *
+      𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.get n), 𝓕 |>ₛ ((normalOrderList φs).take (normalOrderEquiv n))))
+      * 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.get n), 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n))
+    · ring_nf
+      rw [hs]
+      rfl
+    · simp [hs]
+  · erw [𝓞.superCommute_different_statistics _ _ hs]
+    simp
+
+lemma crAnF_ofCrAnState_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_sum (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.States) : 𝓞.crAnF (⟨ofCrAnState φ, normalOrder (ofStateList φs)⟩ₛca) =
+    ∑ n : Fin φs.length, 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n)) •
+    𝓞.crAnF (⟨ofCrAnState φ, ofState φs[n]⟩ₛca)
+    * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (φs.eraseIdx n))) := by
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rw [ofStateList_sum, map_sum, map_sum, map_sum]
+    enter [2, s]
+    rw [crAnF_ofCrAnState_superCommute_normalOrder_ofCrAnList_eq_sum,
+      CrAnSection.sum_over_length]
+    enter [2, n]
+    rw [CrAnSection.take_statistics_eq_take_state_statistics, smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [Finset.sum_comm]
+  refine Finset.sum_congr rfl (fun n _ => ?_)
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Fin.coe_cast, Fin.getElem_fin,
+    CrAnSection.sum_eraseIdxEquiv n _ n.prop,
+    CrAnSection.eraseIdxEquiv_symm_getElem,
+    CrAnSection.eraseIdxEquiv_symm_eraseIdx, ← Finset.smul_sum, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    enter [2, 2, n]
+    rw [← Finset.mul_sum]
+  rw [← Finset.sum_mul, ← map_sum, ← map_sum, ← ofState, ← map_sum, ← map_sum, ← ofStateList_sum]
+
+lemma crAnF_anPart_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_sum (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), normalOrder (ofStateList φs)⟩ₛca) =
+    ∑ n : Fin φs.length, 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n)) •
+    𝓞.crAnF (⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofState φs[n]⟩ₛca)
+    * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (φs.eraseIdx n))) := by
+  match φ with
+  | .negAsymp φ =>
+    simp
+  | .position φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_position, instCommGroup.eq_1, Fin.getElem_fin, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [crAnF_ofCrAnState_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_sum]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+  | .posAsymp φ =>
+    simp only [anPart_posAsymp, instCommGroup.eq_1, Fin.getElem_fin, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+    rw [crAnF_ofCrAnState_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_sum]
+    simp [crAnStatistics]
+
+lemma crAnF_anPart_mul_normalOrder_ofStatesList_eq_superCommute (φ : 𝓕.States)
+    (φ' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * normalOrder (ofStateList φ')) =
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ) * ofStateList φ')) +
+    𝓞.crAnF (⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), normalOrder (ofStateList φ')⟩ₛca) := by
+  rw [anPart_mul_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_superCommute]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, map_add, map_smul]
+  congr
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_anPart_ofStatesList_swap]
+
+lemma crAnF_ofState_mul_normalOrder_ofStatesList_eq_superCommute (φ : 𝓕.States)
+    (φ' : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (ofState φ * normalOrder (ofStateList φ')) =
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofState φ * ofStateList φ')) +
+    𝓞.crAnF (⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), normalOrder (ofStateList φ')⟩ₛca) := by
+  conv_lhs => rw [ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart]
+  rw [add_mul, map_add, crAnF_anPart_mul_normalOrder_ofStatesList_eq_superCommute, ← add_assoc,
+    ← normalOrder_crPart_mul, ← map_add]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    lhs
+    rw [← map_add, ← add_mul, ← ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart]
+
+/-- In the expansion of `ofState φ * normalOrder (ofStateList φs)` the element
+  of `𝓞.A` associated with contracting `φ` with the (optional) `n`th element of `φs`. -/
+noncomputable def contractStateAtIndex (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (n : Option (Fin φs.length)) : 𝓞.A :=
+  match n with
+  | none => 1
+  | some n => 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n)) •
+        𝓞.crAnF (⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofState φs[n]⟩ₛca)
+
+lemma crAnF_ofState_mul_normalOrder_ofStatesList_eq_sum (φ : 𝓕.States)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (ofState φ * normalOrder (ofStateList φs)) =
+    ∑ n : Option (Fin φs.length),
+      contractStateAtIndex φ φs n *
+      𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (HepLean.List.optionEraseZ φs φ n))) := by
+  rw [crAnF_ofState_mul_normalOrder_ofStatesList_eq_superCommute]
+  rw [crAnF_anPart_superCommute_normalOrder_ofStateList_eq_sum]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Fin.getElem_fin, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, contractStateAtIndex,
+    Fintype.sum_option, one_mul]
+  rfl
+
+lemma crAnF_ofState_normalOrder_insert (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (k : Fin φs.length.succ) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (φ :: φs))) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs.take k) • 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (φs.insertIdx k φ))) := by
+  have hl : φs.insertIdx k φ = φs.take k ++ [φ] ++ φs.drop k := by
+    rw [HepLean.List.insertIdx_eq_take_drop]
+    simp
+  rw [hl]
+  rw [ofStateList_append, ofStateList_append]
+  rw [ofStateList_mul_ofStateList_eq_superCommute, add_mul]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ofList_singleton, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc,
+    map_add, map_smul, crAnF_normalOrder_superCommute_eq_zero_mul_right, add_zero, smul_smul,
+    exchangeSign_mul_self_swap, one_smul]
+  rw [← ofStateList_append, ← ofStateList_append]
+  simp
+
+end OperatorAlgebra
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/OperatorAlgebra/TimeContraction.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.NormalOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.StateAlgebra.TimeOrder
+/-!
+
+# Time contractions
+
+We define the state algebra of a field structure to be the free algebra
+generated by the states.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+open CrAnAlgebra
+noncomputable section
+
+namespace OperatorAlgebra
+
+variable (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra)
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-- The time contraction of two States as an element of `𝓞.A` defined
+  as their time ordering in the state algebra minus their normal ordering in the
+  creation and annihlation algebra, both mapped to `𝓞.A`.. -/
+def timeContract (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) : 𝓞.A :=
+  𝓞.crAnF (ofStateAlgebra (StateAlgebra.timeOrder (StateAlgebra.ofState φ * StateAlgebra.ofState ψ))
+  - normalOrder (ofState φ * ofState ψ))
+
+lemma timeContract_eq_smul (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) : 𝓞.timeContract φ ψ =
+    𝓞.crAnF (ofStateAlgebra (StateAlgebra.timeOrder
+    (StateAlgebra.ofState φ * StateAlgebra.ofState ψ))
+    + (-1 : ℂ) • normalOrder (ofState φ * ofState ψ)) := by rfl
+
+lemma timeContract_of_timeOrderRel (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) (h : timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    𝓞.timeContract φ ψ = 𝓞.crAnF (⟨anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ), ofState ψ⟩ₛca) := by
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rw [ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart]
+    rw [map_add, map_add, crAnF_superCommute_anPart_anPart, superCommute_anPart_crPart]
+  simp only [timeContract, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, add_zero]
+  rw [StateAlgebra.timeOrder_ofState_ofState_ordered h]
+  rw [normalOrder_ofState_mul_ofState]
+  rw [map_mul]
+  simp only [ofStateAlgebra_ofState, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+  rw [ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart, ofState_eq_crPart_add_anPart]
+  simp only [mul_add, add_mul]
+  abel_nf
+
+lemma timeContract_of_not_timeOrderRel (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) (h : ¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    𝓞.timeContract φ ψ = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ) • 𝓞.timeContract ψ φ := by
+  rw [timeContract_eq_smul]
+  simp only [Int.reduceNeg, one_smul, map_add]
+  rw [map_smul]
+  rw [crAnF_normalOrder_ofState_ofState_swap]
+  rw [StateAlgebra.timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered_eq_timeOrder h]
+  rw [timeContract_eq_smul]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, map_smul, one_smul, map_add, smul_add]
+  rw [smul_smul, smul_smul, mul_comm]
+
+lemma timeContract_mem_center (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) : 𝓞.timeContract φ ψ ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A := by
+  by_cases h : timeOrderRel φ ψ
+  · rw [timeContract_of_timeOrderRel _ _ _ h]
+    exact 𝓞.crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_mem_center _ _
+  · rw [timeContract_of_not_timeOrderRel _ _ _ h]
+    refine Subalgebra.smul_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A) ?_ 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ)
+    rw [timeContract_of_timeOrderRel]
+    exact 𝓞.crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_mem_center _ _
+    have h1 := IsTotal.total (r := 𝓕.timeOrderRel) φ ψ
+    simp_all
+
+lemma timeContract_zero_of_diff_grade (φ ψ : 𝓕.States) (h : (𝓕 |>ₛ φ) ≠ (𝓕 |>ₛ ψ)) :
+    𝓞.timeContract φ ψ = 0 := by
+  by_cases h1 : timeOrderRel φ ψ
+  · rw [timeContract_of_timeOrderRel _ _ _ h1]
+    rw [crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_diff_grade_zero]
+    exact h
+  · rw [timeContract_of_not_timeOrderRel _ _ _ h1]
+    rw [timeContract_of_timeOrderRel _ _ _]
+    rw [crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_diff_grade_zero]
+    simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_zero]
+    exact h.symm
+    have ht := IsTotal.total (r := 𝓕.timeOrderRel) φ ψ
+    simp_all
+
+end OperatorAlgebra
+
+end
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/StateAlgebra/Basic.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CreateAnnihilate
+/-!
+
+# State algebra
+
+We define the state algebra of a field structure to be the free algebra
+generated by the states.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/-- The state free-algebra.
+  The free algebra generated by `States`,
+  that is a position based states or assymptotic states.
+  As a module `StateAlgebra` is spanned by lists of `States`. -/
+abbrev StateAlgebra (𝓕 : FieldStruct) : Type := FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕.States
+
+namespace StateAlgebra
+
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-- The element of the states free-algebra generated by a single state. -/
+def ofState (φ : 𝓕.States) : StateAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ φ
+
+/-- The element of the states free-algebra generated by a list of states. -/
+def ofList (φs : List 𝓕.States) : StateAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  (List.map ofState φs).prod
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofList_nil : ofList ([] : List 𝓕.States) = 1 := rfl
+
+lemma ofList_singleton (φ : 𝓕.States) : ofList [φ] = ofState φ := by
+  simp [ofList]
+
+lemma ofList_append (φs ψs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofList (φs ++ ψs) = ofList φs * ofList ψs := by
+  rw [ofList, List.map_append, List.prod_append]
+  rfl
+
+lemma ofList_cons (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofList (φ :: φs) = ofState φ * ofList φs := rfl
+
+/-- The basis of the free state algebra formed by lists of states. -/
+noncomputable def ofListBasis : Basis (List 𝓕.States) ℂ 𝓕.StateAlgebra where
+  repr := FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toLinearEquiv
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofListBasis_eq_ofList (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    ofListBasis φs = ofList φs := by
+  simp only [ofListBasis, FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
+    Basis.coe_ofRepr, AlgEquiv.toLinearEquiv_symm, AlgEquiv.toLinearEquiv_apply,
+    AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, ofList]
+  erw [MonoidAlgebra.lift_apply]
+  simp only [zero_smul, Finsupp.sum_single_index, one_smul]
+  rw [@FreeMonoid.lift_apply]
+  simp only [List.prod]
+  match φs with
+  | [] => rfl
+  | φ :: φs =>
+    erw [List.map_cons]
+
+/-!
+
+## The super commutor on the state algebra.
+
+-/
+
+/-- The super commutor on the free state algebra. For two bosonic operators
+  or a bosonic and fermionic operator this corresponds to the usual commutator
+  whilst for two fermionic operators this corresponds to the anti-commutator. -/
+noncomputable def superCommute : 𝓕.StateAlgebra →ₗ[ℂ] 𝓕.StateAlgebra →ₗ[ℂ] 𝓕.StateAlgebra :=
+  Basis.constr ofListBasis ℂ fun φs =>
+  Basis.constr ofListBasis ℂ fun φs' =>
+  ofList (φs ++ φs') - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofList (φs' ++ φs)
+
+local notation "⟨" φs "," φs' "⟩ₛ" => superCommute φs φs'
+
+lemma superCommute_ofList (φs φs' : List 𝓕.States) : ⟨ofList φs, ofList φs'⟩ₛ =
+    ofList (φs ++ φs') - 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ φs') • ofList (φs' ++ φs) := by
+  rw [← ofListBasis_eq_ofList, ← ofListBasis_eq_ofList]
+  simp only [superCommute, Basis.constr_basis]
+
+end StateAlgebra
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/StateAlgebra/TimeOrder.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.TimeOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
+/-!
+
+# State algebra
+
+We define the state algebra of a field structure to be the free algebra
+generated by the states.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+noncomputable section
+
+namespace StateAlgebra
+
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-- The linear map on the free state algebra defined as the map taking
+  a list of states to the time-ordered list of states multiplied by
+  the sign corresponding to the number of fermionic-fermionic
+  exchanges done in ordering. -/
+def timeOrder : StateAlgebra 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] StateAlgebra 𝓕 :=
+  Basis.constr ofListBasis ℂ fun φs =>
+  timeOrderSign φs • ofList (timeOrderList φs)
+
+lemma timeOrder_ofList (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    timeOrder (ofList φs) = timeOrderSign φs • ofList (timeOrderList φs) := by
+  rw [← ofListBasis_eq_ofList]
+  simp only [timeOrder, Basis.constr_basis]
+
+lemma timeOrder_ofList_nil : timeOrder (𝓕 := 𝓕) (ofList []) = 1 := by
+  rw [timeOrder_ofList]
+  simp [timeOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign, timeOrderList]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma timeOrder_ofList_singleton (φ : 𝓕.States) : timeOrder (ofList [φ]) = ofList [φ] := by
+  simp [timeOrder_ofList, timeOrderSign, timeOrderList]
+
+lemma timeOrder_ofState_ofState_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrder (ofState φ * ofState ψ) = ofState φ * ofState ψ := by
+  rw [← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_append, timeOrder_ofList]
+  simp only [List.singleton_append]
+  rw [timeOrderSign_pair_ordered h, timeOrderList_pair_ordered h]
+  simp
+
+lemma timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h :¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrder (ofState φ * ofState ψ) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ) • ofState ψ * ofState φ := by
+  rw [← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_append, timeOrder_ofList]
+  simp only [List.singleton_append, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [timeOrderSign_pair_not_ordered h, timeOrderList_pair_not_ordered h]
+  simp [← ofList_append]
+
+lemma timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered_eq_timeOrder {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h :¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrder (ofState φ * ofState ψ) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ) • timeOrder (ofState ψ * ofState φ) := by
+  rw [timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered h]
+  rw [timeOrder_ofState_ofState_ordered]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  have hx := IsTotal.total (r := timeOrderRel) ψ φ
+  simp_all
+
+lemma timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    timeOrder (ofList (φ :: φs)) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ maxTimeField φ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φ :: φs).take (maxTimeFieldPos φ φs)) •
+    ofState (maxTimeField φ φs) * timeOrder (ofList (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)) := by
+  rw [timeOrder_ofList, timeOrderList_eq_maxTimeField_timeOrderList]
+  rw [ofList_cons, timeOrder_ofList]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_smul]
+  congr
+  rw [timerOrderSign_of_eraseMaxTimeField, mul_assoc]
+  simp
+
+end StateAlgebra
+end
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Contractions/Basic.lean

@@ -1,292 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.OperatorMap
-import HepLean.Mathematics.Fin.Involutions
-/-!
-
-# Contractions of a list of fields
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-
-open HepLean.List
-open HepLean.Fin
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type}
-
-/-- Given a list of fields `φs`, the type of pairwise-contractions associated with `φs`
-  which have the list `φsᵤₙ` uncontracted. -/
-inductive ContractionsAux : (φs : List 𝓕) → (φsᵤₙ : List 𝓕) → Type
-  | nil : ContractionsAux [] []
-  | cons {φs : List 𝓕} {φsᵤₙ : List 𝓕} {φ : 𝓕} (i : Option (Fin φsᵤₙ.length)) :
-    ContractionsAux φs φsᵤₙ → ContractionsAux (φ :: φs) (optionEraseZ φsᵤₙ φ i)
-
-/-- Given a list of fields `l`, the type of pairwise-contractions associated with `l`. -/
-def Contractions (φs : List 𝓕) : Type := Σ aux, ContractionsAux φs aux
-
-namespace Contractions
-
-variable {l : List 𝓕} (c : Contractions l)
-
-/-- The equivalence between `ContractionsAux` based on the propositionally equivalent
-  uncontracted lists. -/
-def auxCongr : {φs : List 𝓕} → {φsᵤₙ φsᵤₙ' : List 𝓕} → (h : φsᵤₙ = φsᵤₙ') →
-    ContractionsAux φs φsᵤₙ ≃ ContractionsAux φs φsᵤₙ'
-  | _, _, _, Eq.refl _ => Equiv.refl _
-
-lemma auxCongr_ext {φs : List 𝓕} {c c2 : Contractions φs} (h : c.1 = c2.1)
-    (hx : c.2 = auxCongr h.symm c2.2) : c = c2 := by
-  cases c
-  cases c2
-  simp only at h
-  subst h
-  simp only [auxCongr, Equiv.refl_apply] at hx
-  subst hx
-  rfl
-
-/-- The list of uncontracted fields. -/
-def uncontracted : List 𝓕 := c.1
-
-lemma uncontracted_length_even_iff : {l : List 𝓕} → (c : Contractions l) →
-    Even l.length ↔ Even c.uncontracted.length
-  | [], ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩ => by
-    simp [uncontracted]
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) none c⟩ => by
-    simp only [List.length_cons, uncontracted, optionEraseZ]
-    rw [Nat.even_add_one, Nat.even_add_one]
-    rw [uncontracted_length_even_iff ⟨aux, c⟩]
-    rfl
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) (some n) c⟩=> by
-    simp only [List.length_cons, uncontracted, optionEraseZ_some_length]
-    rw [Nat.even_sub, Nat.even_add_one]
-    · simp only [Nat.not_even_iff_odd, Nat.not_even_one, iff_false]
-      rw [← Nat.not_even_iff_odd, ← Nat.not_even_iff_odd]
-      rw [uncontracted_length_even_iff ⟨aux, c⟩]
-      rfl
-    · refine Nat.one_le_iff_ne_zero.mpr (fun hn => ?_)
-      rw [hn] at n
-      exact Fin.elim0 n
-
-lemma contractions_nil (a : Contractions ([] : List 𝓕)) : a = ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩ := by
-  cases a
-  rename_i aux c
-  cases c
-  rfl
-
-/-- The embedding of the uncontracted fields into all fields. -/
-def embedUncontracted {l : List 𝓕} (c : Contractions l) :
-    Fin c.uncontracted.length → Fin l.length :=
-  match l, c with
-  | [], ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩ => Fin.elim0
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) none c⟩ =>
-    Fin.cons ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ φs.length⟩ (Fin.succ ∘ (embedUncontracted ⟨aux, c⟩))
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) (some n) c⟩ => by
-    let lc := embedUncontracted ⟨aux, c⟩
-    refine Fin.succ ∘ lc ∘ Fin.cast ?_ ∘ Fin.succAbove ⟨n, by
-      rw [uncontracted, optionEraseZ_some_length]
-      omega⟩
-    simp only [uncontracted, optionEraseZ_some_length]
-    have hq : aux.length ≠ 0 := by
-      by_contra hn
-      rw [hn] at n
-      exact Fin.elim0 n
-    omega
-
-lemma embedUncontracted_injective {l : List 𝓕} (c : Contractions l) :
-    Function.Injective c.embedUncontracted := by
-  match l, c with
-  | [], ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩ =>
-    dsimp only [List.length_nil, embedUncontracted]
-    intro i
-    exact Fin.elim0 i
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) none c⟩ =>
-    dsimp only [List.length_cons, embedUncontracted, Fin.zero_eta]
-    refine Fin.cons_injective_iff.mpr ?_
-    apply And.intro
-    · simp only [Set.mem_range, Function.comp_apply, not_exists]
-      exact fun x => Fin.succ_ne_zero (embedUncontracted ⟨aux, c⟩ x)
-    · exact Function.Injective.comp (Fin.succ_injective φs.length)
-        (embedUncontracted_injective ⟨aux, c⟩)
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) (some i) c⟩ =>
-    dsimp only [List.length_cons, embedUncontracted]
-    refine Function.Injective.comp (Fin.succ_injective φs.length) ?hf
-    refine Function.Injective.comp (embedUncontracted_injective ⟨aux, c⟩) ?hf.hf
-    refine Function.Injective.comp (Fin.cast_injective (embedUncontracted.proof_5 φ φs aux i c))
-      Fin.succAbove_right_injective
-
-/-- Establishes uniqueness of contractions for a single field, showing that any contraction
-  of a single field must be equivalent to the trivial contraction with no pairing. -/
-lemma contractions_single {i : 𝓕} (a : Contractions [i]) : a =
-    ⟨[i], ContractionsAux.cons none ContractionsAux.nil⟩ := by
-  cases a
-  rename_i aux c
-  cases c
-  rename_i aux' c'
-  cases c'
-  cases aux'
-  simp only [List.length_nil, optionEraseZ]
-  rename_i x
-  exact Fin.elim0 x
-
-/--
-  This function provides an equivalence between the type of contractions for an empty list of fields
-  and the unit type, indicating that there is only one possible contraction for an empty list.
--/
-def nilEquiv : Contractions ([] : List 𝓕) ≃ Unit where
-  toFun _ := ()
-  invFun _ := ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩
-  left_inv a := Eq.symm (contractions_nil a)
-  right_inv _ := rfl
-
-/-- The equivalence between contractions of `a :: l` and contractions of
-  `Contractions l` paired with an optional element of `Fin (c.uncontracted).length` specifying
-  what `a` contracts with if any. -/
-def consEquiv {φ : 𝓕} {φs : List 𝓕} :
-    Contractions (φ :: φs) ≃ (c : Contractions φs) × Option (Fin c.uncontracted.length) where
-  toFun c :=
-    match c with
-    | ⟨aux, c⟩ =>
-    match c with
-    | ContractionsAux.cons (φsᵤₙ := aux') i c => ⟨⟨aux', c⟩, i⟩
-  invFun ci :=
-    ⟨(optionEraseZ (ci.fst.uncontracted) φ ci.2), ContractionsAux.cons (φ := φ) ci.2 ci.1.2⟩
-  left_inv c := by
-    match c with
-    | ⟨aux, c⟩ =>
-    match c with
-    | ContractionsAux.cons (φsᵤₙ := aux') i c => rfl
-  right_inv ci := by rfl
-
-lemma consEquiv_ext {φs : List 𝓕} {c1 c2 : Contractions φs}
-    {n1 : Option (Fin c1.uncontracted.length)} {n2 : Option (Fin c2.uncontracted.length)}
-    (hc : c1 = c2) (hn : Option.map (finCongr (by rw [hc])) n1 = n2) :
-    (⟨c1, n1⟩ : (c : Contractions φs) × Option (Fin c.uncontracted.length)) = ⟨c2, n2⟩ := by
-  subst hc
-  subst hn
-  simp
-
-/-- The type of contractions is decidable. -/
-instance decidable : (φs : List 𝓕) → DecidableEq (Contractions φs)
-  | [] => fun a b =>
-    match a, b with
-    | ⟨_, a⟩, ⟨_, b⟩ =>
-    match a, b with
-    | ContractionsAux.nil, ContractionsAux.nil => isTrue rfl
-  | _ :: φs =>
-    haveI : DecidableEq (Contractions φs) := decidable φs
-    haveI : DecidableEq ((c : Contractions φs) × Option (Fin (c.uncontracted).length)) :=
-      Sigma.instDecidableEqSigma
-    Equiv.decidableEq consEquiv
-
-/-- The type of contractions is finite. -/
-instance fintype : (φs : List 𝓕) → Fintype (Contractions φs)
-  | [] => {
-    elems := {⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩}
-    complete := by
-      intro a
-      rw [Finset.mem_singleton]
-      exact contractions_nil a}
-  | φ :: φs =>
-    haveI : Fintype (Contractions φs) := fintype φs
-    haveI : Fintype ((c : Contractions φs) × Option (Fin (c.uncontracted).length)) :=
-      Sigma.instFintype
-    Fintype.ofEquiv _ consEquiv.symm
-
-/-- A contraction is a full contraction if there normalizing list of fields is empty. -/
-def IsFull : Prop := c.uncontracted = []
-
-/-- Provides a decidable instance for determining if a contraction is full
-  (i.e., all fields are paired). -/
-instance isFull_decidable : Decidable c.IsFull := by
-  have hn : c.IsFull ↔ c.uncontracted.length = 0 := by
-    simp [IsFull]
-  apply decidable_of_decidable_of_iff hn.symm
-
-/-- A structure specifying when a type `I` and a map `f :I → Type` corresponds to
-  the splitting of a fields `φ` into a creation `n` and annihilation part `p`. -/
-structure Splitting (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le] where
-  /-- The creation part of the fields. The label `n` corresponds to the fact that
-    in normal ordering these fields get pushed to the negative (left) direction. -/
-  𝓑n : 𝓕 → (Σ i, f i)
-  /-- The annihilation part of the fields. The label `p` corresponds to the fact that
-    in normal ordering these fields get pushed to the positive (right) direction. -/
-  𝓑p : 𝓕 → (Σ i, f i)
-  /-- The complex coefficient of creation part of a field `i`. This is usually `0` or `1`. -/
-  𝓧n : 𝓕 → ℂ
-  /-- The complex coefficient of annihilation part of a field `i`. This is usually `0` or `1`. -/
-  𝓧p : 𝓕 → ℂ
-  h𝓑 : ∀ i, ofListLift f [i] 1 = ofList [𝓑n i] (𝓧n i) + ofList [𝓑p i] (𝓧p i)
-  h𝓑n : ∀ i j, le (𝓑n i) j
-  h𝓑p : ∀ i j, le j (𝓑p i)
-
-/-- In the static wick's theorem, the term associated with a contraction `c` containing
-  the contractions. -/
-noncomputable def toCenterTerm (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-    (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ[ℂ] A) :
-    {φs : List 𝓕} → (c : Contractions φs) → (S : Splitting f le) → A
-  | [], ⟨[], .nil⟩, _ => 1
-  | _ :: _, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux') none c⟩, S => toCenterTerm f q le F ⟨aux', c⟩ S
-  | a :: _, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux') (some n) c⟩, S => toCenterTerm f q le F ⟨aux', c⟩ S *
-    superCommuteCoef q [aux'.get n] (List.take (↑n) aux') •
-      F (((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList [S.𝓑p a] (S.𝓧p a)))
-        (ofListLift f [aux'.get n] 1))
-
-/-- Shows that adding a field with no contractions (none) to an existing set of contractions
-  results in the same center term as the original contractions.
-
-  Physically, this represents that an uncontracted (free) field does not affect
-  the contraction structure of other fields in Wick's theorem. -/
-lemma toCenterTerm_none (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) {φs : List 𝓕}
-    (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ A)
-    (S : Splitting f le) (φ : 𝓕) (c : Contractions φs) :
-    toCenterTerm (φs := φ :: φs) f q le F (Contractions.consEquiv.symm ⟨c, none⟩) S =
-    toCenterTerm f q le F c S := by
-  rw [consEquiv]
-  simp only [Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk]
-  dsimp only [toCenterTerm]
-  rfl
-
-/-- Proves that the part of the term gained from Wick contractions is in
-  the center of the algebra. -/
-lemma toCenterTerm_center (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-    (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ A) [OperatorMap (fun i => q i.1) le F] :
-    {φs : List 𝓕} → (c : Contractions φs) → (S : Splitting f le) →
-    (c.toCenterTerm f q le F S) ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ A
-  | [], ⟨[], .nil⟩, _ => by
-    dsimp only [toCenterTerm]
-    exact Subalgebra.one_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ A)
-  | _ :: _, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux') none c⟩, S => by
-    dsimp only [toCenterTerm]
-    exact toCenterTerm_center f q le F ⟨aux', c⟩ S
-  | a :: _, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux') (some n) c⟩, S => by
-    dsimp only [toCenterTerm, List.get_eq_getElem]
-    refine Subalgebra.mul_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ A) ?hx ?hy
-    exact toCenterTerm_center f q le F ⟨aux', c⟩ S
-    apply Subalgebra.smul_mem
-    rw [ofListLift_expand]
-    rw [map_sum, map_sum]
-    refine Subalgebra.sum_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ A) ?hy.hx.h
-    intro x _
-    simp only [CreateAnnihilateSect.toList]
-    rw [ofList_singleton]
-    exact OperatorMap.superCommute_ofList_singleton_ι_center (q := fun i => q i.1)
-      (le := le) F (S.𝓑p a) ⟨aux'[↑n], x.head⟩
-
-end Contractions
-
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Contractions/Card.lean

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Contractions.Involutions
-/-!
-
-# Cardinality of full contractions
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-namespace Contractions
-
-open HepLean.Fin
-open Nat
-
-/-- There are `(φs.length - 1)‼` full contractions of a list `φs` with an even number of fields. -/
-lemma card_of_full_contractions_even {φs : List 𝓕} (he : Even φs.length) :
-    Fintype.card {c : Contractions φs // IsFull c} = (φs.length - 1)‼ := by
-  rw [Fintype.card_congr (isFullInvolutionEquiv (φs := φs))]
-  exact involutionNoFixed_card_even φs.length he
-
-/-- There are no full contractions of a list with an odd number of fields. -/
-lemma card_of_full_contractions_odd {φs : List 𝓕} (ho : Odd φs.length) :
-    Fintype.card {c : Contractions φs // IsFull c} = 0 := by
-  rw [Fintype.card_congr (isFullInvolutionEquiv (φs := φs))]
-  exact involutionNoFixed_card_odd φs.length ho
-
-end Contractions
-
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Contractions/Involutions.lean

@@ -1,393 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Contractions.Basic
-/-!
-
-# Involutions
-
-There is an isomorphism between the type of contractions of a list `l` and
-the type of involutions from `Fin l.length` to `Fin l.length`.
-
-Likewise, there is an isomorphism from the type of full contractions of a list `l`
-and the type of fixed-point free involutions from `Fin l.length` to `Fin l.length`.
-
-Given this, the number of full contractions of a list `l` is
-is given by the OEIS sequence A000085.
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-
-open HepLean.List
-open HepLean.Fin
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type}
-namespace Contractions
-
-variable {l : List 𝓕}
-
-/-!
-
-## From Involution.
-
--/
-
-/-- Given an involution the uncontracted fields associated with it (corresponding
-  to the fixed points of that involution). -/
-def uncontractedFromInvolution : {φs : List 𝓕} →
-    (f : {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f}) →
-    {l : List 𝓕 // l.length = (Finset.univ.filter fun i => f.1 i = i).card}
-  | [], _ => ⟨[], by simp⟩
-  | φ :: φs, f =>
-    let luc := uncontractedFromInvolution (involutionCons φs.length f).fst
-    let n' := involutionAddEquiv (involutionCons φs.length f).1 (involutionCons φs.length f).2
-    let np : Option (Fin luc.1.length) := Option.map (finCongr luc.2.symm) n'
-    if hn : n' = none then
-      have hn' := involutionAddEquiv_none_image_zero (n := φs.length) (f := f) hn
-      ⟨optionEraseZ luc φ none, by
-        simp only [optionEraseZ, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.length_cons, List.Vector.length_val]
-        rw [← luc.2]
-        conv_rhs => rw [Finset.card_filter]
-        rw [Fin.sum_univ_succ]
-        conv_rhs => erw [if_pos hn']
-        ring_nf
-        simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.Vector.length_val, Nat.cast_id,
-          add_right_inj]
-        rw [Finset.card_filter]
-        apply congrArg
-        funext i
-        refine ite_congr ?h.h.h₁ (congrFun rfl) (congrFun rfl)
-        rw [involutionAddEquiv_none_succ hn]⟩
-    else
-      let n := n'.get (Option.isSome_iff_ne_none.mpr hn)
-      let np : Fin luc.1.length := Fin.cast luc.2.symm n
-      ⟨optionEraseZ luc φ (some np), by
-      let k' := (involutionCons φs.length f).2
-      have hkIsSome : (k'.1).isSome := by
-        simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, involutionAddEquiv, Option.isSome_some, Option.get_some,
-          Option.isSome_none, Equiv.trans_apply, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, Equiv.optionCongr_apply,
-          Equiv.coe_trans, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Option.map_eq_none', n'] at hn
-        split at hn
-        · simp_all only [reduceCtorEq, not_false_eq_true, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
-            Option.isSome_some, k']
-        · simp_all only [not_true_eq_false]
-      let k := k'.1.get hkIsSome
-      rw [optionEraseZ_some_length]
-      have hksucc : k.succ = f.1 ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ φs.length⟩ := by
-        simp [k, k', involutionCons]
-      have hzero : ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ φs.length⟩ = f.1 k.succ := by
-        rw [hksucc, f.2]
-      have hksuccNe : f.1 k.succ ≠ k.succ := by
-        conv_rhs => rw [hksucc]
-        exact fun hn => Fin.succ_ne_zero k (Function.Involutive.injective f.2 hn)
-      have hluc : 1 ≤ luc.1.length := by
-        simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.Vector.length_val, Finset.one_le_card]
-        use k
-        simp only [involutionCons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.cons_update, Equiv.coe_fn_mk,
-          dite_eq_left_iff, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
-        rw [hksucc, f.2]
-        simp
-      rw [propext (Nat.sub_eq_iff_eq_add' hluc)]
-      conv_rhs =>
-        rw [Finset.card_filter]
-        erw [Fin.sum_univ_succ, if_neg (Option.isSome_dite'.mp hkIsSome)]
-      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.Vector.length_val, List.length_cons,
-        Nat.cast_id, zero_add]
-      conv_rhs => lhs; rw [Eq.symm (Fintype.sum_ite_eq' k fun j => 1)]
-      rw [← Finset.sum_add_distrib, Finset.card_filter]
-      apply congrArg
-      funext i
-      by_cases hik : i = k
-      · subst hik
-        simp only [k'.2 hkIsSome, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ↓reduceIte, hksuccNe, add_zero]
-      · simp only [hik, ↓reduceIte, zero_add]
-        refine ite_congr ?_ (congrFun rfl) (congrFun rfl)
-        simp only [involutionCons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.cons_update, Equiv.coe_fn_mk,
-          dite_eq_left_iff, eq_iff_iff]
-        have hfi : f.1 i.succ ≠ ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ φs.length⟩ := by
-          rw [hzero]
-          by_contra hn
-          have hik' := (Function.Involutive.injective f.2 hn)
-          simp only [List.length_cons, Fin.succ_inj] at hik'
-          exact hik hik'
-        apply Iff.intro
-        · intro h
-          have h' := h hfi
-          conv_rhs => rw [← h']
-          simp
-        · intro h hfi
-          simp only [Fin.ext_iff, Fin.coe_pred]
-          rw [h]
-          simp⟩
-
-lemma uncontractedFromInvolution_cons {φs : List 𝓕} {φ : 𝓕}
-    (f : {f : Fin (φ :: φs).length → Fin (φ :: φs).length // Function.Involutive f}) :
-    uncontractedFromInvolution f =
-    optionEraseZ (uncontractedFromInvolution (involutionCons φs.length f).fst) φ
-    (Option.map (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution (involutionCons φs.length f).fst).2.symm))
-    (involutionAddEquiv (involutionCons φs.length f).1 (involutionCons φs.length f).2)) := by
-  let luc := uncontractedFromInvolution (involutionCons φs.length f).fst
-  let n' := involutionAddEquiv (involutionCons φs.length f).1 (involutionCons φs.length f).2
-  change _ = optionEraseZ luc φ (Option.map
-    (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution (involutionCons φs.length f).fst).2.symm)) n')
-  dsimp only [List.length_cons, uncontractedFromInvolution, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.zero_eta]
-  by_cases hn : n' = none
-  · have hn' := hn
-    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, n'] at hn'
-    simp only [hn', ↓reduceDIte, hn]
-    rfl
-  · have hn' := hn
-    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, n'] at hn'
-    simp only [hn', ↓reduceDIte]
-    congr
-    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, n']
-    simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, not_false_eq_true, n', luc]
-    obtain ⟨val, property⟩ := f
-    obtain ⟨val_1, property_1⟩ := luc
-    simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.length_cons]
-    ext a : 1
-    simp_all only [Option.mem_def, Option.some.injEq, Option.map_eq_some', finCongr_apply]
-    apply Iff.intro
-    · intro a_1
-      subst a_1
-      apply Exists.intro
-      · apply And.intro
-        on_goal 2 => {rfl
-        }
-        · simp_all only [Option.some_get]
-    · intro a_1
-      obtain ⟨w, h⟩ := a_1
-      obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := h
-      subst right
-      simp_all only [Option.get_some]
-
-/-- The `ContractionsAux` associated to an involution. -/
-def fromInvolutionAux : {l : List 𝓕} →
-    (f : {f : Fin l.length → Fin l.length // Function.Involutive f}) →
-    ContractionsAux l (uncontractedFromInvolution f)
-  | [] => fun _ => ContractionsAux.nil
-  | _ :: φs => fun f =>
-    let f' := involutionCons φs.length f
-    let c' := fromInvolutionAux f'.1
-    let n' := Option.map (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution f'.fst).2.symm))
-      (involutionAddEquiv f'.1 f'.2)
-    auxCongr (uncontractedFromInvolution_cons f).symm (ContractionsAux.cons n' c')
-
-/-- The contraction associated with an involution. -/
-def fromInvolution {φs : List 𝓕}
-    (f : {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f}) : Contractions φs :=
-  ⟨uncontractedFromInvolution f, fromInvolutionAux f⟩
-
-lemma fromInvolution_cons {φs : List 𝓕} {φ : 𝓕}
-    (f : {f : Fin (φ :: φs).length → Fin (φ :: φs).length // Function.Involutive f}) :
-    let f' := involutionCons φs.length f
-    fromInvolution f = consEquiv.symm
-    ⟨fromInvolution f'.1, Option.map (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution f'.fst).2.symm))
-      (involutionAddEquiv f'.1 f'.2)⟩ := by
-  refine auxCongr_ext ?_ ?_
-  · dsimp only [fromInvolution, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
-    rw [uncontractedFromInvolution_cons]
-    rfl
-  · dsimp only [fromInvolution, List.length_cons, fromInvolutionAux, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, id_eq,
-    eq_mpr_eq_cast]
-    rfl
-
-lemma fromInvolution_of_involutionCons {φs : List 𝓕} {φ : 𝓕}
-    (f : {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f})
-    (n : { i : Option (Fin φs.length) // ∀ (h : i.isSome = true), f.1 (i.get h) = i.get h }) :
-    fromInvolution (φs := φ :: φs) ((involutionCons φs.length).symm ⟨f, n⟩) =
-    consEquiv.symm ⟨fromInvolution f, Option.map (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution f).2.symm))
-      (involutionAddEquiv f n)⟩ := by
-  rw [fromInvolution_cons]
-  congr 1
-  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Sigma.mk.inj_iff, Equiv.apply_symm_apply, true_and]
-  rw [Equiv.apply_symm_apply]
-
-/-!
-
-## To Involution.
-
--/
-
-/-- The involution associated with a contraction. -/
-def toInvolution : {φs : List 𝓕} → (c : Contractions φs) →
-    {f : {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f} //
-    uncontractedFromInvolution f = c.1}
-  | [], ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩ => ⟨⟨fun i => i, by
-    intro i
-    simp⟩, by rfl⟩
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := aux) n c⟩ => by
-    let ⟨⟨f', hf1⟩, hf2⟩ := toInvolution ⟨aux, c⟩
-    let n' : Option (Fin (uncontractedFromInvolution ⟨f', hf1⟩).1.length) :=
-      Option.map (finCongr (by rw [hf2])) n
-    let F := (involutionCons φs.length).symm ⟨⟨f', hf1⟩,
-        (involutionAddEquiv ⟨f', hf1⟩).symm
-        (Option.map (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution ⟨f', hf1⟩).2)) n')⟩
-    refine ⟨F, ?_⟩
-    have hF0 : ((involutionCons φs.length) F) = ⟨⟨f', hf1⟩,
-        (involutionAddEquiv ⟨f', hf1⟩).symm
-        (Option.map (finCongr ((uncontractedFromInvolution ⟨f', hf1⟩).2)) n')⟩ := by
-      simp [F]
-    have hF1 : ((involutionCons φs.length) F).fst = ⟨f', hf1⟩ := by
-      rw [hF0]
-    have hF2L : ((uncontractedFromInvolution ⟨f', hf1⟩)).1.length =
-      (Finset.filter (fun i => ((involutionCons φs.length) F).1.1 i = i) Finset.univ).card := by
-      apply Eq.trans ((uncontractedFromInvolution ⟨f', hf1⟩)).2
-      congr
-      rw [hF1]
-    have hF2 : ((involutionCons φs.length) F).snd =
-        (involutionAddEquiv ((involutionCons φs.length) F).fst).symm
-        (Option.map (finCongr hF2L) n') := by
-      rw [@Sigma.subtype_ext_iff] at hF0
-      ext1
-      rw [hF0.2]
-      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
-      congr 1
-      · rw [hF1]
-      · refine involutionAddEquiv_cast' ?_ n' _ _
-        rw [hF1]
-    rw [uncontractedFromInvolution_cons]
-    have hx := (toInvolution ⟨aux, c⟩).2
-    simp only at hx
-    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
-    refine optionEraseZ_ext ?_ ?_ ?_
-    · dsimp only [F]
-      rw [Equiv.apply_symm_apply]
-      simp only
-      rw [← hx]
-      simp_all only
-    · rfl
-    · simp only [hF2, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Equiv.apply_symm_apply, Option.map_map]
-      dsimp only [id_eq, eq_mpr_eq_cast, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, n']
-      simp only [finCongr, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, Option.map_map]
-      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, id_eq, eq_mpr_eq_cast, F, n']
-      ext a : 1
-      simp only [Option.mem_def, Option.map_eq_some', Function.comp_apply, Fin.cast_trans,
-        Fin.cast_eq_self, exists_eq_right]
-
-lemma toInvolution_length_uncontracted {φs φsᵤₙ : List 𝓕} {c : ContractionsAux φs φsᵤₙ} :
-    φsᵤₙ.length =
-    (Finset.filter (fun i => (toInvolution ⟨φsᵤₙ, c⟩).1.1 i = i) Finset.univ).card := by
-  have h2 := (toInvolution ⟨φsᵤₙ, c⟩).2
-  simp only at h2
-  conv_lhs => rw [← h2]
-  exact List.Vector.length_val (uncontractedFromInvolution (toInvolution ⟨φsᵤₙ, c⟩).1)
-
-lemma toInvolution_cons {φs φsᵤₙ : List 𝓕} {φ : 𝓕}
-    (c : ContractionsAux φs φsᵤₙ) (n : Option (Fin (φsᵤₙ.length))) :
-    (toInvolution ⟨optionEraseZ φsᵤₙ φ n, ContractionsAux.cons n c⟩).1
-    = (involutionCons φs.length).symm ⟨(toInvolution ⟨φsᵤₙ, c⟩).1,
-      (involutionAddEquiv (toInvolution ⟨φsᵤₙ, c⟩).1).symm
-      (Option.map (finCongr (toInvolution_length_uncontracted)) n)⟩ := by
-  dsimp only [List.length_cons, toInvolution, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, subset_refl, Set.coe_inclusion]
-  congr 3
-  rw [Option.map_map]
-  simp only [finCongr, Equiv.coe_fn_mk]
-  rfl
-
-lemma toInvolution_consEquiv {φs : List 𝓕} {φ : 𝓕}
-    (c : Contractions φs) (n : Option (Fin (c.uncontracted.length))) :
-    (toInvolution ((consEquiv (φ := φ)).symm ⟨c, n⟩)).1 =
-    (involutionCons φs.length).symm ⟨(toInvolution c).1,
-      (involutionAddEquiv (toInvolution c).1).symm
-      (Option.map (finCongr (toInvolution_length_uncontracted)) n)⟩ := by
-  erw [toInvolution_cons]
-  rfl
-
-/-!
-
-## Involution equiv.
-
--/
-
-lemma toInvolution_fromInvolution : {φs : List 𝓕} → (c : Contractions φs) →
-    fromInvolution (toInvolution c) = c
-  | [], ⟨[], ContractionsAux.nil⟩ => rfl
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨_, .cons (φsᵤₙ := φsᵤₙ) n c⟩ => by
-    rw [toInvolution_cons, fromInvolution_of_involutionCons, Equiv.symm_apply_eq]
-    dsimp only [consEquiv, Equiv.coe_fn_mk]
-    refine consEquiv_ext ?_ ?_
-    · exact toInvolution_fromInvolution ⟨φsᵤₙ, c⟩
-    · simp only [finCongr, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, Equiv.apply_symm_apply, Option.map_map]
-      ext a : 1
-      simp only [Option.mem_def, Option.map_eq_some', Function.comp_apply, Fin.cast_trans,
-        Fin.cast_eq_self, exists_eq_right]
-
-lemma fromInvolution_toInvolution : {φs : List 𝓕} →
-    (f : {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f}) →
-    toInvolution (fromInvolution f) = f
-  | [], _ => by
-    ext x
-    exact Fin.elim0 x
-  | φ :: φs, f => by
-    rw [fromInvolution_cons]
-    rw [toInvolution_consEquiv]
-    erw [Equiv.symm_apply_eq]
-    have hx := fromInvolution_toInvolution ((involutionCons φs.length) f).fst
-    apply involutionCons_ext ?_ ?_
-    · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.length_cons]
-      exact hx
-    · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Option.map_map, List.length_cons]
-      rw [Equiv.symm_apply_eq]
-      conv_rhs =>
-        lhs
-        rw [involutionAddEquiv_cast hx]
-      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Equiv.trans_apply]
-      rfl
-
-/-- The equivalence between contractions and involutions.
-  Note: This shows that the type of contractions only depends on the length of the list `φs`. -/
-def equivInvolutions {φs : List 𝓕} :
-    Contractions φs ≃ {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f} where
-  toFun := fun c => toInvolution c
-  invFun := fromInvolution
-  left_inv := toInvolution_fromInvolution
-  right_inv := fromInvolution_toInvolution
-
-/-!
-
-## Full contractions and involutions.
--/
-
-lemma isFull_iff_uncontractedFromInvolution_empty {φs : List 𝓕} (c : Contractions φs) :
-    IsFull c ↔ (uncontractedFromInvolution (equivInvolutions c)).1 = [] := by
-  let l := toInvolution c
-  erw [l.2]
-  rfl
-
-lemma isFull_iff_filter_card_involution_zero {φs : List 𝓕} (c : Contractions φs) :
-    IsFull c ↔ (Finset.univ.filter fun i => (equivInvolutions c).1 i = i).card = 0 := by
-  rw [isFull_iff_uncontractedFromInvolution_empty, List.ext_get_iff]
-  simp
-
-lemma isFull_iff_involution_no_fixed_points {φs : List 𝓕} (c : Contractions φs) :
-    IsFull c ↔ ∀ (i : Fin φs.length), (equivInvolutions c).1 i ≠ i := by
-  rw [isFull_iff_filter_card_involution_zero]
-  simp only [Finset.card_eq_zero, ne_eq]
-  rw [Finset.filter_eq_empty_iff]
-  apply Iff.intro
-  · intro h
-    intro i
-    refine h (Finset.mem_univ i)
-  · intro i h
-    exact fun a => i h
-
-/-- The equivalence between full contractions and fixed-point free involutions. -/
-def isFullInvolutionEquiv {φs : List 𝓕} : {c : Contractions φs // IsFull c} ≃
-    {f : Fin φs.length → Fin φs.length // Function.Involutive f ∧ (∀ i, f i ≠ i)} where
-  toFun c := ⟨equivInvolutions c.1, by
-    apply And.intro (equivInvolutions c.1).2
-    rw [← isFull_iff_involution_no_fixed_points]
-    exact c.2⟩
-  invFun f := ⟨equivInvolutions.symm ⟨f.1, f.2.1⟩, by
-    rw [isFull_iff_involution_no_fixed_points]
-    simpa using f.2.2⟩
-  left_inv c := by simp
-  right_inv f := by simp
-
-end Contractions
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/CreateAnnihilate.lean

@@ -3,15 +3,14 @@ Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
 Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
 Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
 -/
-import Mathlib.Order.Defs.Unbundled
+import Mathlib.Algebra.BigOperators.Group.Finset
-import Mathlib.Data.Fintype.Basic
 /-!
 
-# Creation and annihilation parts of fields
+# Creation and annihlation parts of fields
 
 -/
 
-/-- The type specifying whether an operator is a creation or annihilation operator. -/
+/-- The type specifing whether an operator is a creation or annihilation operator. -/
 inductive CreateAnnihilate where
   | create : CreateAnnihilate
   | annihilate : CreateAnnihilate
@@ -29,14 +28,23 @@ instance : Fintype CreateAnnihilate where
     · refine Finset.insert_eq_self.mp ?_
       exact rfl
 
-/-- The normal ordering on creation and annihilation operators.
+lemma eq_create_or_annihilate (φ : CreateAnnihilate) : φ = create ∨ φ = annihilate := by
-  Creation operators are put to the left. -/
+  cases φ <;> simp
+
+/-- The normal ordering on creation and annihlation operators.
+  Under this relation, `normalOrder a b` is false only if `a` is annihlate and `b` is create. -/
 def normalOrder : CreateAnnihilate → CreateAnnihilate → Prop
-  | create, create => True
+  | create, _ => True
   | annihilate, annihilate => True
-  | create, annihilate => True
   | annihilate, create => False
 
+/-- The normal ordering on `CreateAnnihilate` is decidable. -/
+instance : (φ φ' : CreateAnnihilate) → Decidable (normalOrder φ φ')
+  | create, create => isTrue True.intro
+  | annihilate, annihilate => isTrue True.intro
+  | create, annihilate => isTrue True.intro
+  | annihilate, create => isFalse False.elim
+
 /-- Normal ordering is total. -/
 instance : IsTotal CreateAnnihilate normalOrder where
   total a b := by
@@ -47,4 +55,16 @@ instance : IsTrans CreateAnnihilate normalOrder where
   trans a b c := by
     cases a <;> cases b <;> cases c <;> simp [normalOrder]
 
+@[simp]
+lemma not_normalOrder_annihilate_iff_false (a : CreateAnnihilate) :
+    (¬ normalOrder a annihilate) ↔ False := by
+  cases a
+  · simp [normalOrder]
+  · simp [normalOrder]
+
+lemma sum_eq {M : Type} [AddCommMonoid M] (f : CreateAnnihilate → M) :
+    ∑ i, f i = f create + f annihilate := by
+  change ∑ i in {create, annihilate}, f i = f create + f annihilate
+  simp
+
 end CreateAnnihilate

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStatistics.lean

@@ -1,153 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import Mathlib.Algebra.FreeAlgebra
-import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.OfAssociative
-import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Basic
-/-!
-
-# Field statistics
-
-Basic properties related to whether a field, or list of fields, is bosonic or fermionic.
-
--/
-
-/-- A field can either be bosonic or fermionic in nature.
-  That is to say, they can either have Bose-Einstein statistics or
-  Fermi-Dirac statistics. -/
-inductive FieldStatistic : Type where
-  | bosonic : FieldStatistic
-  | fermionic : FieldStatistic
-deriving DecidableEq
-
-namespace FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type}
-
-/-- Field statics form a finite type. -/
-instance : Fintype FieldStatistic where
-  elems := {bosonic, fermionic}
-  complete := by
-    intro c
-    cases c
-    · exact Finset.mem_insert_self bosonic {fermionic}
-    · refine Finset.insert_eq_self.mp ?_
-      exact rfl
-
-@[simp]
-lemma fermionic_not_eq_bonsic : ¬ fermionic = bosonic := by
-  intro h
-  exact FieldStatistic.noConfusion h
-
-lemma bonsic_eq_fermionic_false : bosonic = fermionic ↔ false := by
-  simp only [reduceCtorEq, Bool.false_eq_true]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (a : FieldStatistic) : ¬ a = fermionic ↔ a = bosonic := by
-  fin_cases a
-  · simp
-  · simp
-
-@[simp]
-lemma bosonic_neq_iff_fermionic_eq (a : FieldStatistic) : ¬ bosonic = a ↔ fermionic = a := by
-  fin_cases a
-  · simp
-  · simp
-
-@[simp]
-lemma fermionic_neq_iff_bosonic_eq (a : FieldStatistic) : ¬ fermionic = a ↔ bosonic = a := by
-  fin_cases a
-  · simp
-  · simp
-
-lemma eq_self_if_eq_bosonic {a : FieldStatistic} :
-    (if a = bosonic then bosonic else fermionic) = a := by
-  fin_cases a <;> rfl
-
-lemma eq_self_if_bosonic_eq {a : FieldStatistic} :
-    (if bosonic = a then bosonic else fermionic) = a := by
-  fin_cases a <;> rfl
-
-/-- The field statistics of a list of fields is fermionic if ther is an odd number of fermions,
-  otherwise it is bosonic. -/
-def ofList (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) : (φs : List 𝓕) → FieldStatistic
-  | [] => bosonic
-  | φ :: φs => if s φ = ofList s φs then bosonic else fermionic
-
-@[simp]
-lemma ofList_singleton (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φ : 𝓕) : ofList s [φ] = s φ := by
-  simp only [ofList, Fin.isValue]
-  rw [eq_self_if_eq_bosonic]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma ofList_freeMonoid (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φ : 𝓕) : ofList s (FreeMonoid.of φ) = s φ :=
-  ofList_singleton s φ
-
-@[simp]
-lemma ofList_empty (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) : ofList s [] = bosonic := rfl
-
-@[simp]
-lemma ofList_append (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs φs' : List 𝓕) :
-    ofList s (φs ++ φs') = if ofList s φs = ofList s φs' then bosonic else fermionic := by
-  induction φs with
-  | nil =>
-    simp only [List.nil_append, ofList_empty, Fin.isValue, eq_self_if_bosonic_eq]
-  | cons a l ih =>
-    have hab (a b c : FieldStatistic) :
-        (if a = (if b = c then bosonic else fermionic) then bosonic else fermionic) =
-        if (if a = b then bosonic else fermionic) = c then bosonic else fermionic := by
-      fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> fin_cases c <;> rfl
-    simp only [ofList, List.append_eq, Fin.isValue, ih, hab]
-
-lemma ofList_eq_countP (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs : List 𝓕) :
-    ofList s φs = if Nat.mod (List.countP (fun i => decide (s i = fermionic)) φs) 2 = 0 then
-      bosonic else fermionic := by
-  induction φs with
-  | nil => simp
-  | cons r0 r ih =>
-    simp only [ofList]
-    rw [List.countP_cons]
-    simp only [decide_eq_true_eq]
-    by_cases hr : s r0 = fermionic
-    · simp only [hr, ↓reduceIte]
-      simp_all only
-      split
-      next h =>
-        simp_all only [↓reduceIte, fermionic_not_eq_bonsic]
-        split
-        next h_1 =>
-          simp_all only [fermionic_not_eq_bonsic]
-          have ha (a : ℕ) (ha : a % 2 = 0) : (a + 1) % 2 ≠ 0 := by
-            omega
-          exact ha (List.countP (fun i => decide (s i = fermionic)) r) h h_1
-        next h_1 => simp_all only
-      next h =>
-        simp_all only [↓reduceIte]
-        split
-        next h_1 => rfl
-        next h_1 =>
-          simp_all only [reduceCtorEq]
-          have ha (a : ℕ) (ha : ¬ a % 2 = 0) : (a + 1) % 2 = 0 := by
-            omega
-          exact h_1 (ha (List.countP (fun i => decide (s i = fermionic)) r) h)
-    · simp only [neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic] at hr
-      by_cases hx : (List.countP (fun i => decide (s i = fermionic)) r).mod 2 = 0
-      · simpa [hx, hr] using ih.symm
-      · simpa [hx, hr] using ih.symm
-
-lemma ofList_perm (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) {l l' : List 𝓕} (h : l.Perm l') :
-    ofList s l = ofList s l' := by
-  rw [ofList_eq_countP, ofList_eq_countP, h.countP_eq]
-
-lemma ofList_orderedInsert (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le1 : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
-    (φs : List 𝓕) (φ : 𝓕) : ofList s (List.orderedInsert le1 φ φs) = ofList s (φ :: φs) :=
-  ofList_perm s (List.perm_orderedInsert le1 φ φs)
-
-@[simp]
-lemma ofList_insertionSort (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le1 : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
-    (φs : List 𝓕) : ofList s (List.insertionSort le1 φs) = ofList s φs :=
-  ofList_perm s (List.perm_insertionSort le1 φs)
-
-end FieldStatistic

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStatistics/Basic.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import Mathlib.Algebra.FreeAlgebra
+import Mathlib.Algebra.Lie.OfAssociative
+import Mathlib.Analysis.Complex.Basic
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List.InsertIdx
+/-!
+
+# Field statistics
+
+Basic properties related to whether a field, or list of fields, is bosonic or fermionic.
+
+-/
+
+/-- A field can either be bosonic or fermionic in nature.
+  That is to say, they can either have Bose-Einstein statistics or
+  Fermi-Dirac statistics. -/
+inductive FieldStatistic : Type where
+  | bosonic : FieldStatistic
+  | fermionic : FieldStatistic
+deriving DecidableEq
+
+namespace FieldStatistic
+
+variable {𝓕 : Type}
+
+/-- Field statistics form a commuative group equivalent to `ℤ₂`. -/
+@[simp]
+instance : CommGroup FieldStatistic where
+  one := bosonic
+  mul a b :=
+    match a, b with
+    | bosonic, bosonic => bosonic
+    | bosonic, fermionic => fermionic
+    | fermionic, bosonic => fermionic
+    | fermionic, fermionic => bosonic
+  inv a := a
+  mul_assoc a b c := by
+    cases a <;> cases b <;> cases c <;>
+    dsimp [HMul.hMul]
+  one_mul a := by
+    cases a <;> dsimp [HMul.hMul]
+  mul_one a := by
+    cases a <;> dsimp [HMul.hMul]
+  inv_mul_cancel a := by
+    cases a <;> dsimp only [HMul.hMul, Nat.succ_eq_add_one] <;> rfl
+  mul_comm a b := by
+    cases a <;> cases b <;> rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma bosonic_mul_bosonic : bosonic * bosonic = bosonic := rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma bosonic_mul_fermionic : bosonic * fermionic = fermionic := rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fermionic_mul_bosonic : fermionic * bosonic = fermionic := rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fermionic_mul_fermionic : fermionic * fermionic = bosonic := rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma mul_self (a : FieldStatistic) : a * a = 1 := by
+  cases a <;> rfl
+
+/-- Field statics form a finite type. -/
+instance : Fintype FieldStatistic where
+  elems := {bosonic, fermionic}
+  complete := by
+    intro c
+    cases c
+    · exact Finset.mem_insert_self bosonic {fermionic}
+    · refine Finset.insert_eq_self.mp ?_
+      exact rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fermionic_not_eq_bonsic : ¬ fermionic = bosonic := by
+  intro h
+  exact FieldStatistic.noConfusion h
+
+lemma bonsic_eq_fermionic_false : bosonic = fermionic ↔ false := by
+  simp only [reduceCtorEq, Bool.false_eq_true]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (a : FieldStatistic) : ¬ a = fermionic ↔ a = bosonic := by
+  fin_cases a
+  · simp
+  · simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma bosonic_neq_iff_fermionic_eq (a : FieldStatistic) : ¬ bosonic = a ↔ fermionic = a := by
+  fin_cases a
+  · simp
+  · simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fermionic_neq_iff_bosonic_eq (a : FieldStatistic) : ¬ fermionic = a ↔ bosonic = a := by
+  fin_cases a
+  · simp
+  · simp
+
+lemma eq_self_if_eq_bosonic {a : FieldStatistic} :
+    (if a = bosonic then bosonic else fermionic) = a := by
+  fin_cases a <;> rfl
+
+lemma eq_self_if_bosonic_eq {a : FieldStatistic} :
+    (if bosonic = a then bosonic else fermionic) = a := by
+  fin_cases a <;> rfl
+
+lemma mul_eq_one_iff (a b : FieldStatistic) : a * b = 1 ↔ a = b := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> simp
+
+lemma one_eq_mul_iff (a b : FieldStatistic) : 1 = a * b ↔ a = b := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> simp
+
+lemma mul_eq_iff_eq_mul (a b c : FieldStatistic) : a * b = c ↔ a = b * c := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> fin_cases c <;>
+    simp only [bosonic_mul_fermionic, fermionic_not_eq_bonsic, mul_self,
+      reduceCtorEq, fermionic_mul_bosonic, true_iff, iff_true]
+  all_goals rfl
+
+lemma mul_eq_iff_eq_mul' (a b c : FieldStatistic) : a * b = c ↔ b = a * c := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> fin_cases c <;>
+    simp only [bosonic_mul_fermionic, fermionic_not_eq_bonsic, mul_self,
+      reduceCtorEq, fermionic_mul_bosonic, true_iff, iff_true]
+  all_goals rfl
+
+/-- The field statistics of a list of fields is fermionic if ther is an odd number of fermions,
+  otherwise it is bosonic. -/
+def ofList (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) : (φs : List 𝓕) → FieldStatistic
+  | [] => bosonic
+  | φ :: φs => if s φ = ofList s φs then bosonic else fermionic
+
+lemma ofList_cons_eq_mul (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList s (φ :: φs) = s φ * ofList s φs := by
+  have ha (a b : FieldStatistic) : (if a = b then bosonic else fermionic) = a * b := by
+    fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> rfl
+  exact ha (s φ) (ofList s φs)
+
+lemma ofList_eq_prod (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) : (φs : List 𝓕) →
+    ofList s φs = (List.map s φs).prod
+  | [] => rfl
+  | φ :: φs => by
+    rw [ofList_cons_eq_mul, List.map_cons, List.prod_cons, ofList_eq_prod]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofList_singleton (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φ : 𝓕) : ofList s [φ] = s φ := by
+  simp only [ofList, Fin.isValue]
+  rw [eq_self_if_eq_bosonic]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofList_freeMonoid (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φ : 𝓕) : ofList s (FreeMonoid.of φ) = s φ :=
+  ofList_singleton s φ
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofList_empty (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) : ofList s [] = bosonic := rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofList_append (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs φs' : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList s (φs ++ φs') = if ofList s φs = ofList s φs' then bosonic else fermionic := by
+  induction φs with
+  | nil =>
+    simp only [List.nil_append, ofList_empty, Fin.isValue, eq_self_if_bosonic_eq]
+  | cons a l ih =>
+    have hab (a b c : FieldStatistic) :
+        (if a = (if b = c then bosonic else fermionic) then bosonic else fermionic) =
+        if (if a = b then bosonic else fermionic) = c then bosonic else fermionic := by
+      fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> fin_cases c <;> rfl
+    simp only [ofList, List.append_eq, Fin.isValue, ih, hab]
+
+lemma ofList_append_eq_mul (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs φs' : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList s (φs ++ φs') = ofList s φs * ofList s φs' := by
+  rw [ofList_append]
+  have ha (a b : FieldStatistic) : (if a = b then bosonic else fermionic) = a * b := by
+    fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> rfl
+  exact ha _ _
+
+lemma ofList_perm (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) {l l' : List 𝓕} (h : l.Perm l') :
+    ofList s l = ofList s l' := by
+  rw [ofList_eq_prod, ofList_eq_prod]
+  exact List.Perm.prod_eq (List.Perm.map s h)
+
+lemma ofList_orderedInsert (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le1 : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
+    (φs : List 𝓕) (φ : 𝓕) : ofList s (List.orderedInsert le1 φ φs) = ofList s (φ :: φs) :=
+  ofList_perm s (List.perm_orderedInsert le1 φ φs)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofList_insertionSort (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le1 : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le1]
+    (φs : List 𝓕) : ofList s (List.insertionSort le1 φs) = ofList s φs :=
+  ofList_perm s (List.perm_insertionSort le1 φs)
+
+lemma ofList_map_eq_finset_prod (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) :
+    (φs : List 𝓕) → (l : List (Fin φs.length)) → (hl : l.Nodup) →
+    ofList s (l.map φs.get) = ∏ (i : Fin φs.length), if i ∈ l then s φs[i] else 1
+  | [], [], _ => rfl
+  | [], i :: l, hl => Fin.elim0 i
+  | φ :: φs, [], hl => by
+    simp only [List.length_cons, List.map_nil, ofList_empty, List.not_mem_nil, ↓reduceIte,
+      Finset.prod_const_one]
+    rfl
+  | φ :: φs, i :: l, hl => by
+    simp only [List.length_cons, List.map_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, List.mem_cons, instCommGroup,
+      Fin.getElem_fin]
+    rw [ofList_cons_eq_mul]
+    rw [ofList_map_eq_finset_prod s (φ :: φs) l]
+    have h1 : s (φ :: φs)[↑i] = ∏ (j : Fin (φ :: φs).length),
+      if j = i then s (φ :: φs)[↑i] else 1 := by
+      rw [Fintype.prod_ite_eq']
+    erw [h1]
+    rw [← Finset.prod_mul_distrib]
+    congr
+    funext a
+    simp only [instCommGroup, List.length_cons, mul_ite, ite_mul, one_mul, mul_one]
+    by_cases ha : a = i
+    · simp only [ha, ↓reduceIte, mul_self, true_or]
+      rw [if_neg]
+      rfl
+      simp only [List.length_cons, List.nodup_cons] at hl
+      exact hl.1
+    · simp only [ha, ↓reduceIte, false_or]
+      rfl
+    simp only [List.length_cons, List.nodup_cons] at hl
+    exact hl.2
+
+/-!
+
+## ofList and take
+
+-/
+
+section ofListTake
+open HepLean.List
+variable (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
+lemma ofList_take_insert (n : ℕ) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList q (List.take n φs) = ofList q (List.take n (List.insertIdx n φ φs)) := by
+  congr 1
+  rw [take_insert_same]
+
+lemma ofList_take_eraseIdx (n : ℕ) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList q (List.take n (φs.eraseIdx n)) = ofList q (List.take n φs) := by
+  congr 1
+  rw [take_eraseIdx_same]
+
+lemma ofList_take_zero (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList q (List.take 0 φs) = 1 := by
+  simp only [List.take_zero, ofList_empty]
+  rfl
+
+lemma ofList_take_succ_cons (n : ℕ) (φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    ofList q ((φ1 :: φs).take (n + 1)) = q φ1 * ofList q (φs.take n) := by
+  simp only [List.take_succ_cons, instCommGroup]
+  rw [ofList_cons_eq_mul]
+
+lemma ofList_take_insertIdx_gt (n m : ℕ) (φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hn : n < m) :
+    ofList q ((List.insertIdx m φ1 φs).take n) = ofList q (φs.take n) := by
+  rw [take_insert_gt φ1 n m hn φs]
+
+lemma ofList_insert_lt_eq (n m : ℕ) (φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hn : m ≤ n)
+    (hm : m ≤ φs.length) :
+    ofList q ((List.insertIdx m φ1 φs).take (n + 1)) =
+    ofList q ((φ1 :: φs).take (n + 1)) := by
+  apply ofList_perm
+  simp only [List.take_succ_cons]
+  refine take_insert_let φ1 n m hn φs hm
+
+lemma ofList_take_insertIdx_le (n m : ℕ) (φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hn : m ≤ n) (hm : m ≤ φs.length) :
+    ofList q ((List.insertIdx m φ1 φs).take (n + 1)) = q φ1 * ofList q (φs.take n) := by
+  rw [ofList_insert_lt_eq, ofList_take_succ_cons]
+  · exact hn
+  · exact hm
+
+end ofListTake
+end FieldStatistic

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStatistics/ExchangeSign.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.Basic
+/-!
+
+# Exchange sign
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStatistic
+
+variable {𝓕 : Type}
+
+/-- The echange sign of two field statistics.
+  Defined to be `-1` if both field statistics are `fermionic` and `1` otherwise. -/
+def exchangeSign : FieldStatistic →* FieldStatistic →* ℂ where
+  toFun a :=
+    {
+      toFun := fun b =>
+        match a, b with
+        | bosonic, _ => 1
+        | _, bosonic => 1
+        | fermionic, fermionic => -1
+      map_one' := by
+        fin_cases a
+        <;> simp
+      map_mul' := fun c b => by
+        fin_cases a <;>
+          fin_cases b <;>
+          fin_cases c <;>
+          simp
+    }
+  map_one' := by
+    ext b
+    fin_cases b
+    <;> simp
+  map_mul' c b := by
+    ext a
+    fin_cases a
+    <;> fin_cases b <;> fin_cases c
+    <;> simp
+
+/-- The echange sign of two field statistics.
+  Defined to be `-1` if both field statistics are `fermionic` and `1` otherwise. -/
+scoped[FieldStatistic] notation "𝓢(" a "," b ")" => exchangeSign a b
+
+@[simp]
+lemma exchangeSign_bosonic (a : FieldStatistic) : 𝓢(a, bosonic) = 1 := by
+  fin_cases a <;> rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma bosonic_exchangeSign (a : FieldStatistic) : 𝓢(bosonic, a) = 1 := by
+  fin_cases a <;> rfl
+
+lemma exchangeSign_symm (a b : FieldStatistic) : 𝓢(a, b) = 𝓢(b, a) := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> rfl
+
+lemma exchangeSign_eq_if (a b : FieldStatistic) :
+    𝓢(a, b) = if a = fermionic ∧ b = fermionic then - 1 else 1 := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma exchangeSign_mul_self (a b : FieldStatistic) : 𝓢(a, b) * 𝓢(a, b) = 1 := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> simp [exchangeSign]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma exchangeSign_mul_self_swap (a b : FieldStatistic) : 𝓢(a, b) * 𝓢(b, a) = 1 := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> simp [exchangeSign]
+
+lemma exchangeSign_ofList_cons (a : FieldStatistic)
+    (s : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    𝓢(a, ofList s (φ :: φs)) = 𝓢(a, s φ) * 𝓢(a, ofList s φs) := by
+  rw [ofList_cons_eq_mul, map_mul]
+
+lemma exchangeSign_cocycle (a b c : FieldStatistic) :
+    𝓢(a, b * c) * 𝓢(b, c) = 𝓢(a, b) * 𝓢(a * b, c) := by
+  fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b <;> fin_cases c <;> simp
+
+end FieldStatistic

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStatistics/OfFinset.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.ExchangeSign
+/-!
+
+# Field statistics of a finite set.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStatistic
+
+variable {𝓕 : Type}
+
+/-- The field statistic associated with a map `f : Fin n → 𝓕` (usually `.get` of a list)
+  and a finite set of elements of `Fin n`. -/
+def ofFinset {n : ℕ} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (f : Fin n → 𝓕) (a : Finset (Fin n)) :
+    FieldStatistic :=
+  ofList q ((a.sort (· ≤ ·)).map f)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma ofFinset_empty (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (f : Fin n → 𝓕) :
+    ofFinset q f ∅ = 1 := by
+  simp only [ofFinset, Finset.sort_empty, List.map_nil, ofList_empty]
+  rfl
+
+lemma ofFinset_singleton {n : ℕ} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (f : Fin n → 𝓕) (i : Fin n) :
+    ofFinset q f {i} = q (f i) := by
+  simp [ofFinset]
+
+lemma ofFinset_finset_map {n m : ℕ}
+    (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (i : Fin m → Fin n) (hi : Function.Injective i)
+    (f : Fin n → 𝓕) (a : Finset (Fin m)) :
+    ofFinset q (f ∘ i) a = ofFinset q f (a.map ⟨i, hi⟩) := by
+  simp only [ofFinset]
+  apply FieldStatistic.ofList_perm
+  rw [← List.map_map]
+  refine List.Perm.map f ?_
+  apply List.perm_of_nodup_nodup_toFinset_eq
+  · refine (List.nodup_map_iff_inj_on ?_).mpr ?_
+    exact Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) a
+    simp only [Finset.mem_sort]
+    intro x hx y hy
+    exact fun a => hi a
+  · exact Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) (Finset.map { toFun := i, inj' := hi } a)
+  · ext a
+    simp
+
+lemma ofFinset_insert (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs : List 𝓕) (a : Finset (Fin φs.length))
+    (i : Fin φs.length) (h : i ∉ a) :
+    ofFinset q φs.get (Insert.insert i a) = (q φs[i]) * ofFinset q φs.get a := by
+  simp only [ofFinset, instCommGroup, Fin.getElem_fin]
+  rw [← ofList_cons_eq_mul]
+  have h1 : (φs[↑i] :: List.map φs.get (Finset.sort (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) a))
+      = List.map φs.get (i :: Finset.sort (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) a) := by
+      simp
+  erw [h1]
+  apply ofList_perm
+  refine List.Perm.map φs.get ?_
+  refine (List.perm_ext_iff_of_nodup ?_ ?_).mpr ?_
+  · exact Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) (Insert.insert i a)
+  · simp only [List.nodup_cons, Finset.mem_sort, Finset.sort_nodup, and_true]
+    exact h
+  intro a
+  simp
+
+lemma ofFinset_erase (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs : List 𝓕) (a : Finset (Fin φs.length))
+    (i : Fin φs.length) (h : i ∈ a) :
+    ofFinset q φs.get (a.erase i) = (q φs[i]) * ofFinset q φs.get a := by
+  have ha : a = Insert.insert i (a.erase i) := by
+    exact Eq.symm (Finset.insert_erase h)
+  conv_rhs => rw [ha]
+  rw [ofFinset_insert]
+  rw [← mul_assoc]
+  simp only [instCommGroup, Fin.getElem_fin, mul_self, one_mul]
+  simp
+
+lemma ofFinset_eq_prod (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs : List 𝓕) (a : Finset (Fin φs.length)) :
+    ofFinset q φs.get a = ∏ (i : Fin φs.length), if i ∈ a then (q φs[i]) else 1 := by
+  rw [ofFinset]
+  rw [ofList_map_eq_finset_prod]
+  congr
+  funext i
+  simp only [Finset.mem_sort, Fin.getElem_fin]
+  exact Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) a
+
+lemma ofFinset_union (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs : List 𝓕) (a b : Finset (Fin φs.length)) :
+    ofFinset q φs.get a * ofFinset q φs.get b = ofFinset q φs.get ((a ∪ b) \ (a ∩ b)) := by
+  rw [ofFinset_eq_prod, ofFinset_eq_prod, ofFinset_eq_prod]
+  rw [← Finset.prod_mul_distrib]
+  congr
+  funext x
+  simp only [instCommGroup, Fin.getElem_fin, mul_ite, ite_mul, mul_self, one_mul, mul_one,
+    Finset.mem_sdiff, Finset.mem_union, Finset.mem_inter, not_and]
+  split
+  · rename_i h
+    simp [h]
+  · rename_i h
+    simp [h]
+
+lemma ofFinset_union_disjoint (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (φs : List 𝓕) (a b : Finset (Fin φs.length))
+    (h : Disjoint a b) :
+    ofFinset q φs.get a * ofFinset q φs.get b = ofFinset q φs.get (a ∪ b) := by
+  rw [ofFinset_union, Finset.disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty.mp h]
+  simp
+
+end FieldStatistic

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/Basic.lean

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
 Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
 Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
 -/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.OperatorMap
-import HepLean.Mathematics.Fin.Involutions
 import HepLean.Lorentz.RealVector.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.ExchangeSign
 import HepLean.SpaceTime.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.OfFinset
 /-!
 
 # Field structures
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import HepLean.SpaceTime.Basic
 /-- A field structure is a type of fields plus a specification of the
   statistics (fermionic or bosonic) of each field. -/
 structure FieldStruct where
-  /-- The type of fields. -/
+  /-- The type of fields. This also includes anti-states. -/
   Fields : Type
   /-- The specification if a field is bosonic or fermionic. -/
   statistics : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic
@@ -48,27 +48,15 @@ def statesToField : 𝓕.States → 𝓕.Fields
 /-- The statistics associated to a state. -/
 def statesStatistic : 𝓕.States → FieldStatistic := 𝓕.statistics ∘ 𝓕.statesToField
 
-/-- Returns true if `timeOrder a b` is true if `a` has time greater then or equal to `b`.
+/-- The field statistics associated with a state. -/
-  This will put the stats at the greatest time to left. -/
+scoped[FieldStruct] notation 𝓕 "|>ₛ" φ => statesStatistic 𝓕 φ
-def timeOrder : 𝓕.States → 𝓕.States → Prop
-  | States.posAsymp _, _ => True
-  | States.position φ0, States.position φ1 => φ1.2 0 ≤ φ0.2 0
-  | States.position _, States.negAsymp _ => True
-  | States.position _, States.posAsymp _ => False
-  | States.negAsymp _, States.posAsymp _ => False
-  | States.negAsymp _, States.position _ => False
-  | States.negAsymp _, States.negAsymp _ => True
 
-/-- Time ordering is total. -/
+/-- The field statistics associated with a list states. -/
-instance : IsTotal 𝓕.States 𝓕.timeOrder where
+scoped[FieldStruct] notation 𝓕 "|>ₛ" φ => FieldStatistic.ofList
-  total a b := by
+    (statesStatistic 𝓕) φ
-    cases a <;> cases b <;> simp [timeOrder]
-    exact LinearOrder.le_total _ _
 
-/-- Time ordering is transitive. -/
+/-- The field statistic associated with a finite set-/
-instance : IsTrans 𝓕.States 𝓕.timeOrder where
+scoped[FieldStruct] notation 𝓕 "|>ₛ" "⟨" f ","a "⟩"=> FieldStatistic.ofFinset
-  trans a b c := by
+    (statesStatistic 𝓕) f a
-    cases a <;> cases b <;> cases c <;> simp [timeOrder]
-    exact fun h1 h2 => Preorder.le_trans _ _ _ h2 h1
 
 end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/CrAnSection.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CreateAnnihilate
+/-!
+
+# Creation and annihlation sections
+
+This module defines creation and annihilation sections, which represent different ways to associate
+fields with creation or annihilation operators.
+
+## Main definitions
+
+- `CrAnSection φs` : Represents sections in `𝓕.CrAnStates` over a list of states `φs`.
+  Given fields `φ₁...φₙ`, this captures all possible ways to assign each field as either a creation
+  or annihilation operator.
+
+- `head`, `tail` : Access the first element and remaining elements of a section
+
+- `cons` : Constructs a new section by prepending a creation/annihilation state
+
+- Various equivalences:
+  * `nilEquiv` : Empty sections
+  * `singletonEquiv` : Sections over single elements
+  * `consEquiv` : Separates head and tail
+  * `appendEquiv` : Splits sections at a given point
+
+All sections form finite types and support operations like taking/dropping elements and
+concatenation while preserving the relationship between states and their operator assignments.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/-- The sections in `𝓕.CrAnStates` over a list `φs : List 𝓕.States`.
+  In terms of physics, given some fields `φ₁...φₙ`, the different ways one can associate
+  each field as a `creation` or an `annilation` operator. E.g. the number of terms
+  `φ₁⁰φ₂¹...φₙ⁰` `φ₁¹φ₂¹...φₙ⁰` etc. If some fields are exclusively creation or annhilation
+  operators at this point (e.g. ansymptotic states) this is accounted for. -/
+def CrAnSection (φs : List 𝓕.States) : Type :=
+  {ψs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates //
+    List.map 𝓕.crAnStatesToStates ψs = φs}
+  -- Π i, 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType (φs.get i)
+
+namespace CrAnSection
+open FieldStatistic
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct} {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+
+@[simp]
+lemma length_eq (ψs : CrAnSection φs) : ψs.1.length = φs.length := by
+  simpa using congrArg List.length ψs.2
+
+/-- The tail of a section for `φs`. -/
+def tail : {φs : List 𝓕.States} → (ψs : CrAnSection φs) → CrAnSection φs.tail
+  | [], ⟨[], h⟩ => ⟨[], h⟩
+  | φ :: φs, ⟨[], h⟩ => False.elim (by simp at h)
+  | φ :: φs, ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ => ⟨ψs, by rw [List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq] at h; exact h.2⟩
+
+lemma head_state_eq {φ : 𝓕.States} : (ψs : CrAnSection (φ :: φs)) →
+    (ψs.1.head (by simp [← List.length_pos_iff_ne_nil])).1 = φ
+  | ⟨[], h⟩ => False.elim (by simp at h)
+  | ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ => by
+    simp only [List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq] at h
+    exact h.1
+
+lemma statistics_eq_state_statistics (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    (𝓕 |>ₛ ψs.1) = 𝓕 |>ₛ φs := by
+  erw [FieldStatistic.ofList_eq_prod, FieldStatistic.ofList_eq_prod, crAnStatistics]
+  rw [← List.map_comp_map, Function.comp_apply, ψs.2]
+
+lemma take_statistics_eq_take_state_statistics (ψs : CrAnSection φs) n :
+    (𝓕 |>ₛ (ψs.1.take n)) = 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n) := by
+  erw [FieldStatistic.ofList_eq_prod, FieldStatistic.ofList_eq_prod, crAnStatistics]
+  simp only [instCommGroup, List.map_take]
+  rw [← List.map_comp_map, Function.comp_apply, ψs.2]
+
+/-- The head of a section for `φ :: φs` as an element in `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ`. -/
+def head : {φ : 𝓕.States} → (ψs : CrAnSection (φ :: φs)) →
+    𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ
+  | φ, ⟨[], h⟩ => False.elim (by simp at h)
+  | φ, ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ => 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateTypeCongr (by
+    simpa using head_state_eq ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩) ψ.2
+
+lemma eq_head_cons_tail {φ : 𝓕.States} {ψs : CrAnSection (φ :: φs)} :
+    ψs.1 = ⟨φ, head ψs⟩ :: ψs.tail.1 := by
+  match ψs with
+  | ⟨[], h⟩ => exact False.elim (by simp at h)
+  | ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ =>
+    have h2 := head_state_eq ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩
+    simp only [List.head_cons] at h2
+    subst h2
+    rfl
+
+/-- The creation of a section from for `φ : φs` from a section for `φs` and a
+  element of `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ`. -/
+def cons {φ : 𝓕.States} (ψ : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ) (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    CrAnSection (φ :: φs) := ⟨⟨φ, ψ⟩ :: ψs.1, by
+  simp [List.map_cons, ψs.2]⟩
+
+/-- For the empty list of states there is only one `CrAnSection`. Corresponding to the
+  empty list of `CrAnStates`. -/
+def nilEquiv : CrAnSection (𝓕 := 𝓕) [] ≃ Unit where
+  toFun _ := ()
+  invFun _ := ⟨[], rfl⟩
+  left_inv ψs := Subtype.ext <| by
+    have h2 := ψs.2
+    simp only [List.map_eq_nil_iff] at h2
+    simp [h2]
+  right_inv _ := by
+    simp
+
+/-- The creation and annihlation sections for a singleton list is given by
+  a choice of `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ`. If `φ` is a asymptotic state
+  there is no choice here, else there are two choices. -/
+def singletonEquiv {φ : 𝓕.States} : CrAnSection [φ] ≃
+    𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ where
+  toFun ψs := ψs.head
+  invFun ψ := ⟨[⟨φ, ψ⟩], by simp⟩
+  left_inv ψs := by
+    apply Subtype.ext
+    simp only
+    have h1 := eq_head_cons_tail (ψs := ψs)
+    rw [h1]
+    have h2 := ψs.tail.2
+    simp only [List.tail_cons, List.map_eq_nil_iff] at h2
+    simp [h2]
+  right_inv ψ := by
+    simp only [head]
+    rfl
+
+/-- An equivalence seperating the head of a creation and annhilation section
+  from the tail. -/
+def consEquiv {φ : 𝓕.States} {φs : List 𝓕.States} : CrAnSection (φ :: φs) ≃
+    𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ × CrAnSection φs where
+  toFun ψs := ⟨ψs.head, ψs.tail⟩
+  invFun ψψs :=
+    match ψψs with
+    | (ψ, ψs) => cons ψ ψs
+  left_inv ψs := by
+    apply Subtype.ext
+    exact Eq.symm eq_head_cons_tail
+  right_inv ψψs := by
+    match ψψs with
+    | (ψ, ψs) => rfl
+
+/-- The instance of a finite type on `CrAnSection`s defined recursively through
+  `consEquiv`. -/
+instance fintype : (φs : List 𝓕.States) → Fintype (CrAnSection φs)
+  | [] => Fintype.ofEquiv _ nilEquiv.symm
+  | _ :: φs =>
+    haveI : Fintype (CrAnSection φs) := fintype φs
+    Fintype.ofEquiv _ consEquiv.symm
+
+@[simp]
+lemma sum_nil (f : CrAnSection (𝓕 := 𝓕) [] → M) [AddCommMonoid M] :
+    ∑ (s : CrAnSection []), f s = f ⟨[], rfl⟩ := by
+  rw [← nilEquiv.symm.sum_comp]
+  simp only [Finset.univ_unique, PUnit.default_eq_unit, Finset.sum_singleton]
+  rfl
+
+lemma sum_cons (f : CrAnSection (φ :: φs) → M) [AddCommMonoid M] :
+    ∑ (s : CrAnSection (φ :: φs)), f s = ∑ (a : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ),
+    ∑ (s : CrAnSection φs), f (cons a s) := by
+  rw [← consEquiv.symm.sum_comp, Fintype.sum_prod_type]
+  rfl
+
+lemma sum_over_length {s : CrAnSection φs} (f : Fin s.1.length → M)
+    [AddCommMonoid M] : ∑ (n : Fin s.1.length), f n =
+    ∑ (n : Fin φs.length), f (Fin.cast (length_eq s).symm n) := by
+  rw [← (finCongr (length_eq s)).sum_comp]
+  rfl
+
+/-- The equivalence between `CrAnSection φs` and
+  `CrAnSection φs'` induced by an equality `φs = φs'`. -/
+def congr : {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} → (h : φs = φs') →
+    CrAnSection φs ≃ CrAnSection φs'
+  | _, _, rfl => Equiv.refl _
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_fst {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (h : φs = φs') (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    (congr h ψs).1 = ψs.1 := by
+  cases h
+  rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_symm {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (h : φs = φs') :
+    (congr h).symm = congr h.symm := by
+  cases h
+  rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_trans_apply {φs φs' φs'' : List 𝓕.States} (h1 : φs = φs') (h2 : φs' = φs'')
+    (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    (congr h2 (congr h1 ψs)) = congr (by rw [h1, h2]) ψs := by
+  subst h1 h2
+  rfl
+
+/-- Returns the first `n` elements of a section and its underlying list. -/
+def take (n : ℕ) (ψs : CrAnSection φs) : CrAnSection (φs.take n) :=
+  ⟨ψs.1.take n, by simp [ψs.2]⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma take_congr {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (h : φs = φs') (n : ℕ)
+    (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    (take n (congr h ψs)) = congr (by rw [h]) (take n ψs) := by
+  subst h
+  rfl
+
+/-- Removes the first `n` elements of a section and its underlying list. -/
+def drop (n : ℕ) (ψs : CrAnSection φs) : CrAnSection (φs.drop n) :=
+  ⟨ψs.1.drop n, by simp [ψs.2]⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma drop_congr {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (h : φs = φs') (n : ℕ)
+    (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    (drop n (congr h ψs)) = congr (by rw [h]) (drop n ψs) := by
+  subst h
+  rfl
+
+/-- Appends two sections and their underlying lists. -/
+def append {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CrAnSection φs)
+    (ψs' : CrAnSection φs') : CrAnSection (φs ++ φs') :=
+  ⟨ψs.1 ++ ψs'.1, by simp [ψs.2, ψs'.2]⟩
+
+lemma append_assoc {φs φs' φs'' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CrAnSection φs)
+    (ψs' : CrAnSection φs') (ψs'' : CrAnSection φs'') :
+    append ψs (append ψs' ψs'') = congr (by simp) (append (append ψs ψs') ψs'') := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp [append]
+
+lemma append_assoc' {φs φs' φs'' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CrAnSection φs)
+    (ψs' : CrAnSection φs') (ψs'' : CrAnSection φs'') :
+    (append (append ψs ψs') ψs'') = congr (by simp) (append ψs (append ψs' ψs'')) := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp [append]
+
+lemma singletonEquiv_append_eq_cons {φs : List 𝓕.States} {φ : 𝓕.States}
+    (ψs : CrAnSection φs) (ψ : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φ) :
+    append (singletonEquiv.symm ψ) ψs = cons ψ ψs := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp [append, cons, singletonEquiv]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma take_append_drop {n : ℕ} (ψs : CrAnSection φs) :
+    append (take n ψs) (drop n ψs) = congr (List.take_append_drop n φs).symm ψs := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp [take, drop, append]
+
+lemma congr_append {φs1 φs1' φs2 φs2' : List 𝓕.States} (h1 : φs1 = φs1') (h2 : φs2 = φs2')
+    (ψs1 : CrAnSection φs1) (ψs2 : CrAnSection φs2) :
+    (append (congr h1 ψs1) (congr h2 ψs2)) = congr (by rw [h1, h2]) (append ψs1 ψs2) := by
+  subst h1 h2
+  rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_fst_append {φs1 φs1' φs2 : List 𝓕.States} (h1 : φs1 = φs1')
+    (ψs1 : CrAnSection φs1) (ψs2 : CrAnSection φs2) :
+    (append (congr h1 ψs1) (ψs2)) = congr (by rw [h1]) (append ψs1 ψs2) := by
+  subst h1
+  rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_snd_append {φs1 φs2 φs2' : List 𝓕.States} (h2 : φs2 = φs2')
+    (ψs1 : CrAnSection φs1) (ψs2 : CrAnSection φs2) :
+    (append ψs1 (congr h2 ψs2)) = congr (by rw [h2]) (append ψs1 ψs2) := by
+  subst h2
+  rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma take_left {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CrAnSection φs)
+    (ψs' : CrAnSection φs') :
+    take φs.length (ψs.append ψs') = congr (by simp) ψs := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp [take, append]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma drop_left {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CrAnSection φs)
+    (ψs' : CrAnSection φs') :
+    drop φs.length (ψs.append ψs') = congr (by simp) ψs' := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp [drop, append]
+
+/-- The equivalence between `CrAnSection (φs ++ φs')` and
+  `CrAnSection φs × CrAnSection φs` formed by `append`, `take`
+  and `drop` and their interrelationship. -/
+def appendEquiv {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} : CrAnSection (φs ++ φs') ≃
+    CrAnSection φs × CrAnSection φs' where
+  toFun ψs := (congr (List.take_left φs φs') (take φs.length ψs),
+    congr (List.drop_left φs φs') (drop φs.length ψs))
+  invFun ψsψs' := append ψsψs'.1 ψsψs'.2
+  left_inv ψs := by
+    apply Subtype.ext
+    simp
+  right_inv ψsψs' := by
+    match ψsψs' with
+    | (ψs, ψs') =>
+    simp only [take_left, drop_left, Prod.mk.injEq]
+    refine And.intro (Subtype.ext ?_) (Subtype.ext ?_)
+    · simp
+    · simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma _root_.List.map_eraseIdx {α β : Type} (f : α → β) : (l : List α) → (n : ℕ) →
+    List.map f (l.eraseIdx n) = (List.map f l).eraseIdx n
+  | [], _ => rfl
+  | a :: l, 0 => rfl
+  | a :: l, n+1 => by
+    simp only [List.eraseIdx, List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact List.map_eraseIdx f l n
+
+/-- Erasing an element from a section and it's underlying list. -/
+def eraseIdx (n : ℕ) (ψs : CrAnSection φs) : CrAnSection (φs.eraseIdx n) :=
+  ⟨ψs.1.eraseIdx n, by simp [ψs.2]⟩
+
+/-- The equivalence formed by extracting an element from a section. -/
+def eraseIdxEquiv (n : ℕ) (φs : List 𝓕.States) (hn : n < φs.length) :
+    CrAnSection φs ≃ 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φs[n] ×
+    CrAnSection (φs.eraseIdx n) :=
+  (congr (by simp only [List.take_concat_get', List.take_append_drop])).trans <|
+  appendEquiv.trans <|
+  (Equiv.prodCongr (appendEquiv.trans (Equiv.prodComm _ _)) (Equiv.refl _)).trans <|
+  (Equiv.prodAssoc _ _ _).trans <|
+  Equiv.prodCongr singletonEquiv <|
+  appendEquiv.symm.trans <|
+  congr (List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ φs n).symm
+
+@[simp]
+lemma eraseIdxEquiv_apply_snd {n : ℕ} (ψs : CrAnSection φs) (hn : n < φs.length) :
+    (eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn ψs).snd = eraseIdx n ψs := by
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp only [eraseIdxEquiv, appendEquiv, take, List.take_concat_get', List.length_take, drop,
+    append, Equiv.trans_apply, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, congr_fst, Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_trans,
+    Equiv.coe_prodComm, Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_apply, Function.comp_apply, Prod.swap_prod_mk,
+    id_eq, Equiv.prodAssoc_apply, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk, eraseIdx]
+  rw [Nat.min_eq_left (Nat.le_of_succ_le hn), Nat.min_eq_left hn, List.take_take]
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, le_add_iff_nonneg_right, zero_le, inf_of_le_left]
+  exact Eq.symm (List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ ψs.1 n)
+
+lemma eraseIdxEquiv_symm_eq_take_cons_drop {n : ℕ} (φs : List 𝓕.States) (hn : n < φs.length)
+    (a : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φs[n]) (s : CrAnSection (φs.eraseIdx n)) :
+    (eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn).symm ⟨a, s⟩ =
+    congr (by
+    rw [HepLean.List.take_eraseIdx_same, HepLean.List.drop_eraseIdx_succ]
+    conv_rhs => rw [← List.take_append_drop n φs]) (append (take n s) (cons a (drop n s))) := by
+  simp only [eraseIdxEquiv, appendEquiv, Equiv.symm_trans_apply, congr_symm, Equiv.prodCongr_symm,
+    Equiv.refl_symm, Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Prod.map_apply, Equiv.symm_symm, Equiv.coe_fn_mk,
+    take_congr, congr_trans_apply, drop_congr, Equiv.prodAssoc_symm_apply, Equiv.coe_refl,
+    Equiv.prodComm_symm, Equiv.prodComm_apply, Prod.swap_prod_mk, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk,
+    congr_fst_append, id_eq, congr_snd_append]
+  rw [append_assoc', singletonEquiv_append_eq_cons]
+  simp only [List.singleton_append, congr_trans_apply]
+  apply Subtype.ext
+  simp only [congr_fst]
+  have hn : (List.take n φs).length = n := by
+    rw [@List.length_take]
+    simp only [inf_eq_left]
+    exact Nat.le_of_succ_le hn
+  rw [hn]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma eraseIdxEquiv_symm_getElem {n : ℕ} (φs : List 𝓕.States) (hn : n < φs.length)
+    (a : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φs[n]) (s : CrAnSection (φs.eraseIdx n)) :
+    getElem ((eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn).symm ⟨a,s⟩).1 n
+    (by rw [length_eq]; exact hn) = ⟨φs[n], a⟩ := by
+  rw [eraseIdxEquiv_symm_eq_take_cons_drop]
+  simp only [append, take, cons, drop, congr_fst]
+  rw [List.getElem_append]
+  simp only [List.length_take, length_eq, lt_inf_iff, lt_self_iff_false, false_and, ↓reduceDIte]
+  have h0 : n ⊓ (φs.eraseIdx n).length = n := by
+    simp only [inf_eq_left]
+    rw [← HepLean.List.eraseIdx_length _ ⟨n, hn⟩] at hn
+    exact Nat.le_of_lt_succ hn
+  simp [h0]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma eraseIdxEquiv_symm_eraseIdx {n : ℕ} (φs : List 𝓕.States) (hn : n < φs.length)
+    (a : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φs[n]) (s : CrAnSection (φs.eraseIdx n)) :
+    ((eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn).symm ⟨a, s⟩).1.eraseIdx n = s.1 := by
+  change (((eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn).symm ⟨a, s⟩).eraseIdx n).1 = _
+  rw [← eraseIdxEquiv_apply_snd _ hn]
+  simp
+
+lemma sum_eraseIdxEquiv (n : ℕ) (φs : List 𝓕.States) (hn : n < φs.length)
+    (f : CrAnSection φs → M) [AddCommMonoid M] : ∑ (s : CrAnSection φs), f s =
+    ∑ (a : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType φs[n]), ∑ (s : CrAnSection (φs.eraseIdx n)),
+    f ((eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn).symm ⟨a, s⟩) := by
+  rw [← (eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn).symm.sum_comp]
+  rw [Fintype.sum_prod_type]
+
+end CrAnSection
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/CreateAnnihilate.lean

@@ -7,30 +7,30 @@ import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.Basic
 import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.CreateAnnihilate
 /-!
 
-# Creation and annihilation parts of fields
+# Creation and annihlation parts of fields
 
 -/
 
 namespace FieldStruct
 variable (𝓕 : FieldStruct)
 
-/-- To each state the specification of the type of creation and annihilation parts.
+/-- To each state the specificaition of the type of creation and annihlation parts.
-  For asymptotic states there is only one allowed part, whilst for position states
+  For asymptotic staes there is only one allowed part, whilst for position states
   there is two. -/
-def statesToCreateAnnihilateType : 𝓕.States → Type
+def statesToCrAnType : 𝓕.States → Type
   | States.negAsymp _ => Unit
   | States.position _ => CreateAnnihilate
   | States.posAsymp _ => Unit
 
 /-- The instance of a finite type on `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i`. -/
-instance : ∀ i, Fintype (𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i) := fun i =>
+instance : ∀ i, Fintype (𝓕.statesToCrAnType i) := fun i =>
   match i with
   | States.negAsymp _ => inferInstanceAs (Fintype Unit)
   | States.position _ => inferInstanceAs (Fintype CreateAnnihilate)
   | States.posAsymp _ => inferInstanceAs (Fintype Unit)
 
 /-- The instance of a decidable equality on `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i`. -/
-instance : ∀ i, DecidableEq (𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i) := fun i =>
+instance : ∀ i, DecidableEq (𝓕.statesToCrAnType i) := fun i =>
   match i with
   | States.negAsymp _ => inferInstanceAs (DecidableEq Unit)
   | States.position _ => inferInstanceAs (DecidableEq CreateAnnihilate)
@@ -39,40 +39,44 @@ instance : ∀ i, DecidableEq (𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i) := fun i =>
 /-- The equivalence between `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i` and
   `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType j` from an equality `i = j`. -/
 def statesToCreateAnnihilateTypeCongr : {i j : 𝓕.States} → i = j →
-    𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType i ≃ 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType j
+    𝓕.statesToCrAnType i ≃ 𝓕.statesToCrAnType j
   | _, _, rfl => Equiv.refl _
 
-/-- A creation and annihilation state is a state plus an valid specification of the
+/-- A creation and annihlation state is a state plus an valid specification of the
   creation or annihliation part of that state. (For asympotic states there is only one valid
   choice). -/
-def CreateAnnihilateStates : Type := Σ (s : 𝓕.States), 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType s
+def CrAnStates : Type := Σ (s : 𝓕.States), 𝓕.statesToCrAnType s
 
-/-- The map from creation and annihilation states to their underlying states. -/
+/-- The map from creation and annihlation states to their underlying states. -/
-def createAnnihilateStatesToStates : 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates → 𝓕.States := Sigma.fst
+def crAnStatesToStates : 𝓕.CrAnStates → 𝓕.States := Sigma.fst
 
 @[simp]
-lemma createAnnihilateStatesToStates_prod (s : 𝓕.States) (t : 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType s) :
+lemma crAnStatesToStates_prod (s : 𝓕.States) (t : 𝓕.statesToCrAnType s) :
-    𝓕.createAnnihilateStatesToStates ⟨s, t⟩ = s := rfl
+    𝓕.crAnStatesToStates ⟨s, t⟩ = s := rfl
 
-/-- The map from creation and annihilation states to the type `CreateAnnihilate`
+/-- The map from creation and annihlation states to the type `CreateAnnihilate`
   specifying if a state is a creation or an annihilation state. -/
-def createAnnihlateStatesToCreateAnnihilate : 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates → CreateAnnihilate
+def crAnStatesToCreateAnnihilate : 𝓕.CrAnStates → CreateAnnihilate
   | ⟨States.negAsymp _, _⟩ => CreateAnnihilate.create
   | ⟨States.position _, CreateAnnihilate.create⟩ => CreateAnnihilate.create
   | ⟨States.position _, CreateAnnihilate.annihilate⟩ => CreateAnnihilate.annihilate
   | ⟨States.posAsymp _, _⟩ => CreateAnnihilate.annihilate
 
-/-- The normal ordering on creation and annihilation states. -/
+/-- Takes a `CrAnStates` state to its corresponding fields statistic (bosonic or fermionic). -/
-def normalOrder : 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates → 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates → Prop :=
+def crAnStatistics : 𝓕.CrAnStates → FieldStatistic :=
-  fun a b => CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder (𝓕.createAnnihlateStatesToCreateAnnihilate a)
+  𝓕.statesStatistic ∘ 𝓕.crAnStatesToStates
-    (𝓕.createAnnihlateStatesToCreateAnnihilate b)
 
-/-- Normal ordering is total. -/
+/-- The field statistic of a `CrAnState`. -/
-instance : IsTotal 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates 𝓕.normalOrder where
+scoped[FieldStruct] notation 𝓕 "|>ₛ" φ =>
-  total _ _ := total_of CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder _ _
+    (crAnStatistics 𝓕) φ
 
-/-- Normal ordering is transitive. -/
+/-- The field statistic of a list of `CrAnState`s. -/
-instance : IsTrans 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates 𝓕.normalOrder where
+scoped[FieldStruct] notation 𝓕 "|>ₛ" φ => FieldStatistic.ofList
-  trans _ _ _ := fun h h' => IsTrans.trans (α := CreateAnnihilate) _ _ _ h h'
+    (crAnStatistics 𝓕) φ
+
+/-- The `CreateAnnihilate` value of a `CrAnState`s, i.e. whether it is a creation or
+  annihilation operator. -/
+scoped[FieldStruct] infixl:80 "|>ᶜ" =>
+    crAnStatesToCreateAnnihilate
 
 end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/CreateAnnihilateSect.lean

@@ -1,216 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.CreateAnnihilate
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.CreateAnnihilate
-/-!
-
-# Creation and annihilation sections
-
--/
-
-namespace FieldStruct
-variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
-
-/-- The sections in `𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates` over a list `φs : List 𝓕.States`.
-  In terms of physics, given some fields `φ₁...φₙ`, the different ways one can associate
-  each field as a `creation` or an `annihilation` operator. E.g. the number of terms
-  `φ₁⁰φ₂¹...φₙ⁰` `φ₁¹φ₂¹...φₙ⁰` etc. If some fields are exclusively creation or annihilation
-  operators at this point (e.g. asymptotic states) this is accounted for. -/
-def CreateAnnihilateSect (φs : List 𝓕.States) : Type :=
-  {ψs : List 𝓕.CreateAnnihilateStates //
-    List.map 𝓕.createAnnihilateStatesToStates ψs = φs}
-  -- Π i, 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType (φs.get i)
-
-namespace CreateAnnihilateSect
-
-variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct} {φs : List 𝓕.States}
-
-@[simp]
-lemma length_eq (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) : ψs.1.length = φs.length := by
-  simpa using congrArg List.length ψs.2
-
-/-- The tail of a section for `φs`. -/
-def tail : {φs : List 𝓕.States} → (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) → CreateAnnihilateSect φs.tail
-  | [], ⟨[], h⟩ => ⟨[], h⟩
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨[], h⟩ => False.elim (by simp at h)
-  | φ :: φs, ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ => ⟨ψs, by rw [List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq] at h; exact h.2⟩
-
-lemma head_state_eq {φ : 𝓕.States} : (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect (φ :: φs)) →
-    (ψs.1.head (by simp [← List.length_pos_iff_ne_nil])).1 = φ
-  | ⟨[], h⟩ => False.elim (by simp at h)
-  | ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ => by
-    simp at h
-    exact h.1
-
-/-- The head of a section for `φ :: φs` as an element in `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ`. -/
-def head : {φ : 𝓕.States} → (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect (φ :: φs)) →
-    𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ
-  | φ, ⟨[], h⟩ => False.elim (by simp at h)
-  | φ, ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ => 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateTypeCongr (by
-    simpa using head_state_eq ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩) ψ.2
-
-lemma eq_head_cons_tail {φ : 𝓕.States} {ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect (φ :: φs)} :
-    ψs.1 = ⟨φ, head ψs⟩ :: ψs.tail.1 := by
-  match ψs with
-  | ⟨[], h⟩ => exact False.elim (by simp at h)
-  | ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩ =>
-    have h2 := head_state_eq ⟨ψ :: ψs, h⟩
-    simp at h2
-    subst h2
-    rfl
-
-/-- The creation of a section from for `φ : φs` from a section for `φs` and a
-  element of `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ`. -/
-def cons {φ : 𝓕.States} (ψ : 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ) (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) :
-    CreateAnnihilateSect (φ :: φs) := ⟨⟨φ, ψ⟩ :: ψs.1, by
-  simp [List.map_cons, ψs.2]⟩
-
-/-- The creation and annihilation sections for a singleton list is given by
-  a choice of `𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ`. If `φ` is a asymptotic state
-  there is no choice here, else there are two choices. -/
-def singletonEquiv {φ : 𝓕.States} : CreateAnnihilateSect [φ] ≃
-    𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ where
-  toFun ψs := ψs.head
-  invFun ψ := ⟨[⟨φ, ψ⟩], by simp⟩
-  left_inv ψs := by
-    apply Subtype.ext
-    simp only
-    have h1 := eq_head_cons_tail (ψs := ψs)
-    rw [h1]
-    have h2 := ψs.tail.2
-    simp at h2
-    simp [h2]
-  right_inv ψ := by
-    simp [head]
-    rfl
-
-/-- An equivalence separating the head of a creation and annihilation section
-  from the tail. -/
-def consEquiv {φ : 𝓕.States} {φs : List 𝓕.States} : CreateAnnihilateSect (φ :: φs) ≃
-    𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φ × CreateAnnihilateSect φs where
-  toFun ψs := ⟨ψs.head, ψs.tail⟩
-  invFun ψψs :=
-    match ψψs with
-    | (ψ, ψs) => cons ψ ψs
-  left_inv ψs := by
-    apply Subtype.ext
-    exact Eq.symm eq_head_cons_tail
-  right_inv ψψs := by
-    match ψψs with
-    | (ψ, ψs) => rfl
-
-/-- The equivalence between `CreateAnnihilateSect φs` and
-  `CreateAnnihilateSect φs'` induced by an equality `φs = φs'`. -/
-def congr : {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} → (h : φs = φs') →
-    CreateAnnihilateSect φs ≃ CreateAnnihilateSect φs'
-  | _, _, rfl => Equiv.refl _
-
-@[simp]
-lemma congr_fst {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (h : φs = φs') (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) :
-    (congr h ψs).1 = ψs.1 := by
-  cases h
-  rfl
-
-/-- Returns the first `n` elements of a section and its underlying list. -/
-def take (n : ℕ) (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) : CreateAnnihilateSect (φs.take n) :=
-  ⟨ψs.1.take n, by simp [ψs.2]⟩
-
-/-- Removes the first `n` elements of a section and its underlying list. -/
-def drop (n : ℕ) (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) : CreateAnnihilateSect (φs.drop n) :=
-  ⟨ψs.1.drop n, by simp [ψs.2]⟩
-
-/-- Appends two sections and their underlying lists. -/
-def append {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs)
-    (ψs' : CreateAnnihilateSect φs') : CreateAnnihilateSect (φs ++ φs') :=
-  ⟨ψs.1 ++ ψs'.1, by simp [ψs.2, ψs'.2]⟩
-
-@[simp]
-lemma take_append_drop {n : ℕ} (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) :
-    append (take n ψs) (drop n ψs) = congr (List.take_append_drop n φs).symm ψs := by
-  apply Subtype.ext
-  simp [take, drop, append]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma congr_append {φs1 φs1' φs2 φs2' : List 𝓕.States}
-    (h1 : φs1 = φs1') (h2 : φs2 = φs2')
-    (ψs1 : CreateAnnihilateSect φs1) (ψs2 : CreateAnnihilateSect φs2) :
-    (append (congr h1 ψs1) (congr h2 ψs2)) = congr (by rw [h1, h2]) (append ψs1 ψs2) := by
-  subst h1 h2
-  rfl
-
-@[simp]
-lemma take_left {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs)
-    (ψs' : CreateAnnihilateSect φs') :
-    take φs.length (ψs.append ψs') = congr (by simp) ψs := by
-  apply Subtype.ext
-  simp [take, append]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma drop_left {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs)
-    (ψs' : CreateAnnihilateSect φs') :
-    drop φs.length (ψs.append ψs') = congr (by simp) ψs' := by
-  apply Subtype.ext
-  simp [drop, append]
-
-/-- The equivalence between `CreateAnnihilateSect (φs ++ φs')` and
-  `CreateAnnihilateSect φs × CreateAnnihilateSect φs` formed by `append`, `take`
-  and `drop` and their interrelationship. -/
-def appendEquiv {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} : CreateAnnihilateSect (φs ++ φs') ≃
-    CreateAnnihilateSect φs × CreateAnnihilateSect φs' where
-  toFun ψs := (congr (List.take_left φs φs') (take φs.length ψs),
-    congr (List.drop_left φs φs') (drop φs.length ψs))
-  invFun ψsψs' := append ψsψs'.1 ψsψs'.2
-  left_inv ψs := by
-    apply Subtype.ext
-    simp
-  right_inv ψsψs' := by
-    match ψsψs' with
-    | (ψs, ψs') =>
-    simp only [take_left, drop_left, Prod.mk.injEq]
-    refine And.intro (Subtype.ext ?_) (Subtype.ext ?_)
-    · simp
-    · simp
-
-@[simp]
-lemma _root_.List.map_eraseIdx {α β : Type} (f : α → β) : (l : List α) → (n : ℕ) →
-    List.map f (l.eraseIdx n) = (List.map f l).eraseIdx n
-  | [], _ => rfl
-  | a :: l, 0 => rfl
-  | a :: l, n+1 => by
-    simp only [List.eraseIdx, List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-    exact List.map_eraseIdx f l n
-
-/-- Erasing an element from a section and it's underlying list. -/
-def eraseIdx (n : ℕ) (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) : CreateAnnihilateSect (φs.eraseIdx n) :=
-  ⟨ψs.1.eraseIdx n, by simp [ψs.2]⟩
-
-/-- The equivalence formed by extracting an element from a section. -/
-def eraseIdxEquiv (n : ℕ) (φs : List 𝓕.States) (hn : n < φs.length) :
-    CreateAnnihilateSect φs ≃ 𝓕.statesToCreateAnnihilateType φs[n] ×
-    CreateAnnihilateSect (φs.eraseIdx n) :=
-  (congr (by simp only [List.take_concat_get', List.take_append_drop])).trans <|
-  appendEquiv.trans <|
-  (Equiv.prodCongr (appendEquiv.trans (Equiv.prodComm _ _)) (Equiv.refl _)).trans <|
-  (Equiv.prodAssoc _ _ _).trans <|
-  Equiv.prodCongr singletonEquiv <|
-  appendEquiv.symm.trans <|
-  congr (List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ φs n).symm
-
-@[simp]
-lemma eraseIdxEquiv_apply_snd {n : ℕ} (ψs : CreateAnnihilateSect φs) (hn : n < φs.length) :
-    (eraseIdxEquiv n φs hn ψs).snd = eraseIdx n ψs := by
-  apply Subtype.ext
-  simp only [eraseIdxEquiv, appendEquiv, take, List.take_concat_get', List.length_take, drop,
-    append, Equiv.trans_apply, Equiv.coe_fn_mk, congr_fst, Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_trans,
-    Equiv.coe_prodComm, Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_apply, Function.comp_apply, Prod.swap_prod_mk,
-    id_eq, Equiv.prodAssoc_apply, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk, eraseIdx]
-  rw [Nat.min_eq_left (Nat.le_of_succ_le hn), Nat.min_eq_left hn, List.take_take]
-  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, le_add_iff_nonneg_right, zero_le, inf_of_le_left]
-  exact Eq.symm (List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ ψs.1 n)
-
-end CreateAnnihilateSect
-
-end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/Filters.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
+/-!
+
+# Filters of lists of CrAnStates
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/-- Given a list of creation and annihilation states, the filtered list only containing
+  the creation states. As a schematic example, for the list:
+  - `[φ1c, φ1a, φ2c, φ2a]` this will return `[φ1c, φ2c]`.
+-/
+def createFilter (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : List 𝓕.CrAnStates :=
+  List.filter (fun φ => 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) φs
+
+lemma createFilter_cons_create {φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates}
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    createFilter (φ :: φs) = φ :: createFilter φs := by
+  simp only [createFilter]
+  rw [List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+  simp [hφ]
+
+lemma createFilter_cons_annihilate {φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates}
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    createFilter (φ :: φs) = createFilter φs := by
+  simp only [createFilter]
+  rw [List.filter_cons_of_neg]
+  simp [hφ]
+
+lemma createFilter_append (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    createFilter (φs ++ φs') = createFilter φs ++ createFilter φs' := by
+  rw [createFilter, List.filter_append]
+  rfl
+
+lemma createFilter_singleton_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) :
+    createFilter [φ] = [φ] := by
+  simp [createFilter, hφ]
+
+lemma createFilter_singleton_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) : createFilter [φ] = [] := by
+  simp [createFilter, hφ]
+
+/-- Given a list of creation and annihilation states, the filtered list only containing
+  the annihilation states.
+  As a schematic example, for the list:
+  - `[φ1c, φ1a, φ2c, φ2a]` this will return `[φ1a, φ2a]`.
+-/
+def annihilateFilter (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : List 𝓕.CrAnStates :=
+  List.filter (fun φ => 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) φs
+
+lemma annihilateFilter_cons_create {φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates}
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    annihilateFilter (φ :: φs) = annihilateFilter φs := by
+  simp only [annihilateFilter]
+  rw [List.filter_cons_of_neg]
+  simp [hφ]
+
+lemma annihilateFilter_cons_annihilate {φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates}
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    annihilateFilter (φ :: φs) = φ :: annihilateFilter φs := by
+  simp only [annihilateFilter]
+  rw [List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+  simp [hφ]
+
+lemma annihilateFilter_append (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    annihilateFilter (φs ++ φs') = annihilateFilter φs ++ annihilateFilter φs' := by
+  rw [annihilateFilter, List.filter_append]
+  rfl
+
+lemma annihilateFilter_singleton_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) :
+    annihilateFilter [φ] = [] := by
+  simp [annihilateFilter, hφ]
+
+lemma annihilateFilter_singleton_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    annihilateFilter [φ] = [φ] := by
+  simp [annihilateFilter, hφ]
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/NormalOrder.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStruct.Filters
+/-!
+
+# Normal Ordering
+
+The normal ordering puts all creation operators to the left and all annihilation operators to the
+right. It acts on `CrAnStates` and defines a linear map from the `CrAnAlgebra` to itself.
+
+The normal ordering satisfies a number of nice properties with relation to the operator
+algebra 𝓞.A.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/-- The normal ordering relation on creation and annihlation operators.
+  For a list of creation and annihlation states, this relation is designed
+  to move all creation states to the left, and all annihlation operators to the right.
+  We have that `normalOrderRel φ1 φ2` is true if
+  - `φ1` is a creation operator
+  or
+  - `φ2` is an annihlate operator. -/
+def normalOrderRel : 𝓕.CrAnStates → 𝓕.CrAnStates → Prop :=
+  fun a b => CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder (𝓕 |>ᶜ a) (𝓕 |>ᶜ b)
+
+/-- Normal ordering is total. -/
+instance : IsTotal 𝓕.CrAnStates 𝓕.normalOrderRel where
+  total _ _ := total_of CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder _ _
+
+/-- Normal ordering is transitive. -/
+instance : IsTrans 𝓕.CrAnStates 𝓕.normalOrderRel where
+  trans _ _ _ := fun h h' => IsTrans.trans (α := CreateAnnihilate) _ _ _ h h'
+
+/-- A decidable instance on the normal ordering relation. -/
+instance (φ φ' : 𝓕.CrAnStates) : Decidable (normalOrderRel φ φ') :=
+  CreateAnnihilate.instDecidableNormalOrder (𝓕 |>ᶜ φ) (𝓕 |>ᶜ φ')
+
+/-!
+
+## Normal order sign.
+
+-/
+
+/-- The sign associated with putting a list of creation and annihlation states into normal order
+  (with the creation operators on the left).
+  We pick up a minus sign for every fermion paired crossed. -/
+def normalOrderSign (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : ℂ :=
+  Wick.koszulSign 𝓕.crAnStatistics 𝓕.normalOrderRel φs
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderSign_mul_self (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderSign φs * normalOrderSign φs = 1 := by
+  simp [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign, Wick.koszulSign_mul_self]
+
+lemma koszulSignInsert_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) : (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φ φs = 1
+  | [] => rfl
+  | φ' :: φs => by
+    dsimp only [Wick.koszulSignInsert]
+    rw [if_pos]
+    · exact koszulSignInsert_create φ hφ φs
+    · dsimp only [normalOrderRel]
+      rw [hφ]
+      dsimp [CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_cons_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderSign (φ :: φs) = normalOrderSign φs := by
+  dsimp only [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign]
+  rw [koszulSignInsert_create φ hφ φs]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderSign_singleton (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderSign [φ] = 1 := by
+  simp [normalOrderSign]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderSign_nil :
+    normalOrderSign (𝓕 := 𝓕) [] = 1 := by
+  simp [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign]
+
+lemma koszulSignInsert_append_annihilate (φ' φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φ' (φs ++ [φ]) =
+    Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φ' φs
+  | [] => by
+    simp only [Wick.koszulSignInsert, normalOrderRel, hφ, ite_eq_left_iff,
+      CreateAnnihilate.not_normalOrder_annihilate_iff_false, ite_eq_right_iff, and_imp,
+      IsEmpty.forall_iff]
+  | φ'' :: φs => by
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, Wick.koszulSignInsert]
+    rw [koszulSignInsert_append_annihilate φ' φ hφ φs]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_append_annihlate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    normalOrderSign (φs ++ [φ]) = normalOrderSign φs
+  | [] => by simp
+  | φ' :: φs => by
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign]
+    have hi := normalOrderSign_append_annihlate φ hφ φs
+    dsimp only [normalOrderSign] at hi
+    rw [hi, koszulSignInsert_append_annihilate φ' φ hφ φs]
+
+lemma koszulSignInsert_annihilate_cons_create (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φa (φc :: φs)
+    = FieldStatistic.exchangeSign (𝓕.crAnStatistics φc) (𝓕.crAnStatistics φa) *
+    Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φa φs := by
+  rw [Wick.koszulSignInsert_cons]
+  simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
+  apply Or.inl
+  rw [Wick.koszulSignCons, if_neg, FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_symm,
+    FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_eq_if]
+  rw [normalOrderRel, hφa, hφc]
+  simp [CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_swap_create_annihlate_fst (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderSign (φc :: φa :: φs) =
+    FieldStatistic.exchangeSign (𝓕.crAnStatistics φc) (𝓕.crAnStatistics φa) *
+    normalOrderSign (φa :: φc :: φs) := by
+  rw [normalOrderSign_cons_create φc hφc (φa :: φs)]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rw [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign, ← normalOrderSign]
+    rw [koszulSignInsert_annihilate_cons_create φc φa hφc hφa φs]
+  rw [← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc, FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  rw [one_mul, normalOrderSign_cons_create φc hφc φs]
+  rfl
+
+lemma koszulSignInsert_swap (φ φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φ (φs ++ φa :: φc :: φs')
+    = Wick.koszulSignInsert 𝓕.crAnStatistics normalOrderRel φ (φs ++ φc :: φa :: φs') := by
+  apply Wick.koszulSignInsert_eq_perm
+  refine List.Perm.append_left φs ?h.a
+  exact List.Perm.swap φc φa φs'
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_swap_create_annihlate (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create) (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) → normalOrderSign (φs ++ φc :: φa :: φs') =
+    FieldStatistic.exchangeSign (𝓕.crAnStatistics φc) (𝓕.crAnStatistics φa) *
+    normalOrderSign (φs ++ φa :: φc :: φs')
+  | [], φs' => normalOrderSign_swap_create_annihlate_fst φc φa hφc hφa φs'
+  | φ :: φs, φs' => by
+    rw [normalOrderSign]
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, Wick.koszulSign, FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [← normalOrderSign, normalOrderSign_swap_create_annihlate φc φa hφc hφa φs φs']
+    rw [← mul_assoc, mul_comm _ (FieldStatistic.exchangeSign _ _), mul_assoc]
+    simp only [FieldStatistic.instCommGroup.eq_1, mul_eq_mul_left_iff]
+    apply Or.inl
+    conv_rhs =>
+      rw [normalOrderSign]
+      dsimp [Wick.koszulSign]
+      rw [← normalOrderSign]
+    simp only [mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
+    apply Or.inl
+    rw [koszulSignInsert_swap]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_swap_create_create_fst (φc φc' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create) (hφc' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc' = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderSign (φc :: φc' :: φs) = normalOrderSign (φc' :: φc :: φs) := by
+  rw [normalOrderSign_cons_create φc hφc, normalOrderSign_cons_create φc' hφc']
+  rw [normalOrderSign_cons_create φc' hφc', normalOrderSign_cons_create φc hφc]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_swap_create_create (φc φc' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create) (hφc' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc' = CreateAnnihilate.create) :
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    normalOrderSign (φs ++ φc :: φc' :: φs') = normalOrderSign (φs ++ φc' :: φc :: φs')
+  | [], φs' => by
+    exact normalOrderSign_swap_create_create_fst φc φc' hφc hφc' φs'
+  | φ :: φs, φs' => by
+    rw [normalOrderSign]
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, Wick.koszulSign]
+    rw [← normalOrderSign, normalOrderSign_swap_create_create φc φc' hφc hφc']
+    dsimp only [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign]
+    rw [← normalOrderSign]
+    simp only [mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
+    apply Or.inl (Wick.koszulSignInsert_eq_perm _ _ _ _ _ _)
+    exact List.Perm.append_left φs (List.Perm.swap φc' φc φs')
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_swap_annihilate_annihilate_fst (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (hφa' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa' = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderSign (φa :: φa' :: φs) =
+    normalOrderSign (φa' :: φa :: φs) := by
+  rw [normalOrderSign, normalOrderSign]
+  dsimp only [Wick.koszulSign]
+  rw [← mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc]
+  congr 1
+  rw [Wick.koszulSignInsert_cons, Wick.koszulSignInsert_cons, mul_assoc, mul_assoc]
+  congr 1
+  · dsimp only [Wick.koszulSignCons]
+    rw [if_pos, if_pos]
+    · simp [normalOrderRel, hφa, hφa', CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+    · simp [normalOrderRel, hφa, hφa', CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+  · rw [NonUnitalNormedCommRing.mul_comm]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_swap_annihilate_annihilate (φa φa' : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (hφa' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa' = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) : (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    normalOrderSign (φs ++ φa :: φa' :: φs') = normalOrderSign (φs ++ φa' :: φa :: φs')
+  | [], φs' => by
+    exact normalOrderSign_swap_annihilate_annihilate_fst φa φa' hφa hφa' φs'
+  | φ :: φs, φs' => by
+    rw [normalOrderSign]
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, Wick.koszulSign]
+    rw [← normalOrderSign]
+    rw [normalOrderSign_swap_annihilate_annihilate φa φa' hφa hφa']
+    dsimp only [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign]
+    rw [← normalOrderSign]
+    simp only [mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
+    apply Or.inl
+    apply Wick.koszulSignInsert_eq_perm
+    refine List.Perm.append_left φs ?h.h.a
+    exact List.Perm.swap φa' φa φs'
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-!
+
+## Normal order of lists
+
+-/
+
+/-- The normal ordering of a list of creation and annihilation states.
+  To give some schematic. For example:
+  - `normalOrderList [φ1c, φ1a, φ2c, φ2a] = [φ1c, φ2c, φ1a, φ2a]`
+-/
+def normalOrderList (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) : List 𝓕.CrAnStates :=
+  List.insertionSort 𝓕.normalOrderRel φs
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderList_nil : normalOrderList (𝓕 := 𝓕) [] = [] := by
+  simp [normalOrderList]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderList_statistics (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    (𝓕 |>ₛ (normalOrderList φs)) = 𝓕 |>ₛ φs := by
+  simp [normalOrderList, List.insertionSort]
+
+lemma orderedInsert_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) :
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) → List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ φs = φ :: φs
+  | [] => rfl
+  | φ' :: φs => by
+    dsimp only [List.orderedInsert.eq_2]
+    rw [if_pos]
+    dsimp only [normalOrderRel]
+    rw [hφ]
+    dsimp [CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+
+lemma normalOrderList_cons_create (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderList (φ :: φs) = φ :: normalOrderList φs := by
+  simp only [normalOrderList, List.insertionSort]
+  rw [orderedInsert_create φ hφ]
+
+lemma orderedInsert_append_annihilate (φ' φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) → List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ' (φs ++ [φ]) =
+    List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ' φs ++ [φ]
+  | [] => by
+    simp [Wick.koszulSignInsert, normalOrderRel, hφ]
+  | φ'' :: φs => by
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, List.orderedInsert.eq_2]
+    have hi := orderedInsert_append_annihilate φ' φ hφ φs
+    rw [hi]
+    split
+    next h => simp_all only [List.cons_append]
+    next h => simp_all only [List.cons_append]
+
+lemma normalOrderList_append_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    normalOrderList (φs ++ [φ]) = normalOrderList φs ++ [φ]
+  | [] => by simp [normalOrderList]
+  | φ' :: φs => by
+    simp only [normalOrderList, List.insertionSort, List.append_eq]
+    have hi := normalOrderList_append_annihilate φ hφ φs
+    dsimp only [normalOrderList] at hi
+    rw [hi, orderedInsert_append_annihilate φ' φ hφ]
+
+lemma normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate_fst (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate)
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    normalOrderList (φc :: φa :: φs) = normalOrderList (φa :: φc :: φs) := by
+  rw [normalOrderList_cons_create φc hφc (φa :: φs)]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rw [normalOrderList, List.insertionSort]
+  have hi := normalOrderList_cons_create φc hφc φs
+  rw [normalOrderList] at hi
+  rw [hi]
+  dsimp only [List.orderedInsert.eq_2]
+  split
+  · rename_i h
+    rw [normalOrderRel, hφa, hφc] at h
+    dsimp [CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder] at h
+  · rfl
+
+lemma normalOrderList_swap_create_annihlate (φc φa : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφc : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φc = CreateAnnihilate.create)
+    (hφa : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φa = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) :
+    (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    normalOrderList (φs ++ φc :: φa :: φs') = normalOrderList (φs ++ φa :: φc :: φs')
+  | [], φs' => normalOrder_swap_create_annihlate_fst φc φa hφc hφa φs'
+  | φ :: φs, φs' => by
+    dsimp only [List.cons_append, normalOrderList, List.insertionSort]
+    have hi := normalOrderList_swap_create_annihlate φc φa hφc hφa φs φs'
+    dsimp only [normalOrderList] at hi
+    rw [hi]
+
+/-- For a list of creation and annihlation states, the equivalence between
+  `Fin φs.length` and `Fin (normalOrderList φs).length` taking each position in `φs`
+  to it's corresponding position in the normal ordered list. This assumes that
+  we are using the insertion sort method.
+  For example:
+  - For `[φ1c, φ1a, φ2c, φ2a]` this equivalence sends `0 ↦ 0`, `1 ↦ 2`, `2 ↦ 1`, `3 ↦ 3`.
+-/
+def normalOrderEquiv {φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates} : Fin φs.length ≃ Fin (normalOrderList φs).length :=
+  HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv 𝓕.normalOrderRel φs
+
+lemma sum_normalOrderList_length {M : Type} [AddCommMonoid M]
+    (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) (f : Fin (normalOrderList φs).length → M) :
+    ∑ (n : Fin (normalOrderList φs).length), f n = ∑ (n : Fin φs.length), f (normalOrderEquiv n) :=
+  Eq.symm (Equiv.sum_comp normalOrderEquiv f)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderList_get_normalOrderEquiv {φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates} (n : Fin φs.length) :
+    (normalOrderList φs)[(normalOrderEquiv n).val] = φs[n.val] := by
+  change (normalOrderList φs).get (normalOrderEquiv n) = _
+  simp only [normalOrderList, normalOrderEquiv]
+  erw [← HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv_get]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma normalOrderList_eraseIdx_normalOrderEquiv {φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates} (n : Fin φs.length) :
+    (normalOrderList φs).eraseIdx (normalOrderEquiv n).val =
+    normalOrderList (φs.eraseIdx n.val) := by
+  simp only [normalOrderList, normalOrderEquiv]
+  rw [HepLean.List.eraseIdx_insertionSort_fin]
+
+lemma normalOrderSign_eraseIdx (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) (n : Fin φs.length) :
+    normalOrderSign (φs.eraseIdx n) = normalOrderSign φs *
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.get n), 𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.take n)) *
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ (φs.get n), 𝓕 |>ₛ ((normalOrderList φs).take (normalOrderEquiv n))) := by
+  rw [normalOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign_eraseIdx, ← normalOrderSign]
+  rfl
+
+lemma orderedInsert_createFilter_append_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) : (φs φs' : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ (createFilter φs ++ φs') =
+    createFilter φs ++ List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ φs'
+  | [], φs' => by simp [createFilter]
+  | φ' :: φs, φs' => by
+    rcases CreateAnnihilate.eq_create_or_annihilate (𝓕 |>ᶜ φ') with hφ' | hφ'
+    · rw [createFilter_cons_create hφ']
+      dsimp only [List.cons_append, List.orderedInsert.eq_2]
+      rw [if_neg, orderedInsert_createFilter_append_annihilate φ hφ φs φs']
+      simp [normalOrderRel, hφ, hφ', CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+    · rw [createFilter_cons_annihilate hφ', orderedInsert_createFilter_append_annihilate φ hφ φs]
+
+lemma orderedInsert_annihilateFilter (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates) : (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ (annihilateFilter φs) =
+    φ :: annihilateFilter φs
+  | [] => by simp [annihilateFilter]
+  | φ' :: φs => by
+    rcases CreateAnnihilate.eq_create_or_annihilate (𝓕 |>ᶜ φ') with hφ' | hφ'
+    · rw [annihilateFilter_cons_create hφ', orderedInsert_annihilateFilter φ φs]
+    · rw [annihilateFilter_cons_annihilate hφ']
+      dsimp only [List.orderedInsert.eq_2]
+      rw [if_pos]
+      dsimp only [normalOrderRel]
+      rw [hφ']
+      rcases CreateAnnihilate.eq_create_or_annihilate (𝓕 |>ᶜ φ) with hφ | hφ
+      · rw [hφ]
+        simp only [CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+      · rw [hφ]
+        simp [CreateAnnihilate.normalOrder]
+
+lemma orderedInsert_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter_annihilate (φ : 𝓕.CrAnStates)
+    (hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate) (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
+    List.orderedInsert normalOrderRel φ (createFilter φs ++ annihilateFilter φs) =
+    createFilter φs ++ φ :: annihilateFilter φs := by
+  rw [orderedInsert_createFilter_append_annihilate φ hφ, orderedInsert_annihilateFilter]
+
+lemma normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter : (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) →
+    normalOrderList φs = createFilter φs ++ annihilateFilter φs
+  | [] => by simp [normalOrderList, createFilter, annihilateFilter]
+  | φ :: φs => by
+    by_cases hφ : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.create
+    · rw [normalOrderList_cons_create φ hφ φs]
+      dsimp only [createFilter]
+      rw [List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+      swap
+      simp only [hφ, decide_true]
+      dsimp only [annihilateFilter, List.cons_append]
+      rw [List.filter_cons_of_neg]
+      swap
+      simp only [hφ, reduceCtorEq, decide_false, Bool.false_eq_true, not_false_eq_true]
+      rw [normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter φs]
+      rfl
+    · dsimp only [normalOrderList, List.insertionSort]
+      rw [← normalOrderList]
+      have hφ' : 𝓕 |>ᶜ φ = CreateAnnihilate.annihilate := by
+        have hx := CreateAnnihilate.eq_create_or_annihilate (𝓕 |>ᶜ φ)
+        simp_all
+      rw [normalOrderList_eq_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter φs]
+      rw [orderedInsert_createFilter_append_annihilateFilter_annihilate φ hφ']
+      rw [createFilter_cons_annihilate hφ', annihilateFilter_cons_annihilate hφ']
+
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/FieldStruct/TimeOrder.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List.InsertionSort
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.StateAlgebra.Basic
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
+/-!
+
+# State algebra
+
+We define the state algebra of a field structure to be the free algebra
+generated by the states.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/-- The time ordering relation on states. We have that `timeOrderRel φ0 φ1` is true
+  if and only if `φ1` has a time less-then or equal to `φ0`, or `φ1` is a negative
+  asymptotic state, or `φ0` is a positive asymptotic state. -/
+def timeOrderRel : 𝓕.States → 𝓕.States → Prop
+  | States.posAsymp _, _ => True
+  | States.position φ0, States.position φ1 => φ1.2 0 ≤ φ0.2 0
+  | States.position _, States.negAsymp _ => True
+  | States.position _, States.posAsymp _ => False
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.posAsymp _ => False
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.position _ => False
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.negAsymp _ => True
+
+/-- The relation `timeOrderRel` is decidable, but not computablly so due to
+  `Real.decidableLE`. -/
+noncomputable instance : (φ φ' : 𝓕.States) → Decidable (timeOrderRel φ φ')
+  | States.posAsymp _, _ => isTrue True.intro
+  | States.position φ0, States.position φ1 => inferInstanceAs (Decidable (φ1.2 0 ≤ φ0.2 0))
+  | States.position _, States.negAsymp _ => isTrue True.intro
+  | States.position _, States.posAsymp _ => isFalse (fun a => a)
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.posAsymp _ => isFalse (fun a => a)
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.position _ => isFalse (fun a => a)
+  | States.negAsymp _, States.negAsymp _ => isTrue True.intro
+
+/-- Time ordering is total. -/
+instance : IsTotal 𝓕.States 𝓕.timeOrderRel where
+  total a b := by
+    cases a <;> cases b <;>
+      simp only [or_self, or_false, or_true, timeOrderRel, Fin.isValue, implies_true, imp_self,
+        IsEmpty.forall_iff]
+    exact LinearOrder.le_total _ _
+
+/-- Time ordering is transitive. -/
+instance : IsTrans 𝓕.States 𝓕.timeOrderRel where
+  trans a b c := by
+    cases a <;> cases b <;> cases c <;>
+      simp only [timeOrderRel, Fin.isValue, implies_true, imp_self, IsEmpty.forall_iff]
+    exact fun h1 h2 => Preorder.le_trans _ _ _ h2 h1
+
+noncomputable section
+
+open FieldStatistic
+open HepLean.List
+
+/-- Given a list `φ :: φs` of states, the (zero-based) position of the state which is
+  of maximum time. For example
+  - for the list `[φ1(t = 4), φ2(t = 5), φ3(t = 3), φ4(t = 5)]` this would return `1`.
+  This is defined for a list `φ :: φs` instead of `φs` to ensure that such a position exists.
+-/
+def maxTimeFieldPos (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) : ℕ :=
+  insertionSortMinPos timeOrderRel φ φs
+
+lemma maxTimeFieldPos_lt_length (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    maxTimeFieldPos φ φs < (φ :: φs).length := by
+  simp [maxTimeFieldPos]
+
+/-- Given a list `φ :: φs` of states, the left-most state of maximum time, if there are more.
+  As an example:
+  - for the list `[φ1(t = 4), φ2(t = 5), φ3(t = 3), φ4(t = 5)]` this would return `φ2(t = 5)`.
+  It is the state at the position `maxTimeFieldPos φ φs`.
+-/
+def maxTimeField (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) : 𝓕.States :=
+  insertionSortMin timeOrderRel φ φs
+
+/-- Given a list `φ :: φs` of states, the list with the left-most state of maximum
+  time removed.
+  As an example:
+  - for the list `[φ1(t = 4), φ2(t = 5), φ3(t = 3), φ4(t = 5)]` this would return
+    `[φ1(t = 4), φ3(t = 3), φ4(t = 5)]`.
+-/
+def eraseMaxTimeField (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) : List 𝓕.States :=
+  insertionSortDropMinPos timeOrderRel φ φs
+
+@[simp]
+lemma eraseMaxTimeField_length (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).length = φs.length := by
+  simp [eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos, eraseIdx_length']
+
+lemma maxTimeFieldPos_lt_eraseMaxTimeField_length_succ (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    maxTimeFieldPos φ φs < (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).length.succ := by
+  simp only [eraseMaxTimeField_length, Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+  exact maxTimeFieldPos_lt_length φ φs
+
+/-- Given a list `φ :: φs` of states, the position of the left-most state of maximum
+  time as an eement of `Fin (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).length.succ`.
+  As an example:
+  - for the list `[φ1(t = 4), φ2(t = 5), φ3(t = 3), φ4(t = 5)]` this would return `⟨1,...⟩`.
+-/
+def maxTimeFieldPosFin (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    Fin (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).length.succ :=
+  insertionSortMinPosFin timeOrderRel φ φs
+
+lemma lt_maxTimeFieldPosFin_not_timeOrder (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (i : Fin (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).length)
+    (hi : (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).succAbove i < maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) :
+    ¬ timeOrderRel ((eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)[i.val]) (maxTimeField φ φs) := by
+  exact insertionSortMin_lt_mem_insertionSortDropMinPos_of_lt timeOrderRel φ φs i hi
+
+lemma timeOrder_maxTimeField (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (i : Fin (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).length) :
+    timeOrderRel (maxTimeField φ φs) ((eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)[i.val]) := by
+  exact insertionSortMin_lt_mem_insertionSortDropMinPos timeOrderRel φ φs _
+
+/-- The sign associated with putting a list of states into time order (with
+  the state of greatest time to the left).
+  We pick up a minus sign for every fermion paired crossed. -/
+def timeOrderSign (φs : List 𝓕.States) : ℂ :=
+  Wick.koszulSign 𝓕.statesStatistic 𝓕.timeOrderRel φs
+
+lemma timeOrderSign_pair_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrderSign [φ, ψ] = 1 := by
+  simp only [timeOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign, Wick.koszulSignInsert, mul_one, ite_eq_left_iff,
+    ite_eq_right_iff, and_imp]
+  exact fun h' => False.elim (h' h)
+
+lemma timeOrderSign_pair_not_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : ¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrderSign [φ, ψ] = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ) := by
+  simp only [timeOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign, Wick.koszulSignInsert, mul_one, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+  rw [if_neg h]
+  simp [FieldStatistic.exchangeSign_eq_if]
+
+lemma timerOrderSign_of_eraseMaxTimeField (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    timeOrderSign (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) = timeOrderSign (φ :: φs) *
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ maxTimeField φ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φ :: φs).take (maxTimeFieldPos φ φs)) := by
+  rw [eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos, timeOrderSign,
+    Wick.koszulSign_eraseIdx_insertionSortMinPos]
+  rw [← timeOrderSign, ← maxTimeField]
+  rfl
+
+/-- The time ordering of a list of states. A schematic example is:
+  - `normalOrderList [φ1(t = 4), φ2(t = 5), φ3(t = 3), φ4(t = 5)]` is equal to
+    `[φ2(t = 5), φ4(t = 5), φ1(t = 4), φ3(t = 3)]` -/
+def timeOrderList (φs : List 𝓕.States) : List 𝓕.States :=
+  List.insertionSort 𝓕.timeOrderRel φs
+
+lemma timeOrderList_pair_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrderList [φ, ψ] = [φ, ψ] := by
+  simp only [timeOrderList, List.insertionSort, List.orderedInsert, ite_eq_left_iff,
+    List.cons.injEq, and_true]
+  exact fun h' => False.elim (h' h)
+
+lemma timeOrderList_pair_not_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : ¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
+    timeOrderList [φ, ψ] = [ψ, φ] := by
+  simp only [timeOrderList, List.insertionSort, List.orderedInsert, ite_eq_right_iff,
+    List.cons.injEq, and_true]
+  exact fun h' => False.elim (h h')
+
+@[simp]
+lemma timeOrderList_nil : timeOrderList (𝓕 := 𝓕) [] = [] := by
+  simp [timeOrderList]
+
+lemma timeOrderList_eq_maxTimeField_timeOrderList (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    timeOrderList (φ :: φs) = maxTimeField φ φs :: timeOrderList (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) := by
+  exact insertionSort_eq_insertionSortMin_cons timeOrderRel φ φs
+
+end
+end FieldStruct

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Koszul/KoszulSign.lean

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
 Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
 Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
 -/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.KoszulSignInsert
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSignInsert
 /-!
 
 # Koszul sign
@@ -24,6 +24,11 @@ def koszulSign (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [Deci
   | [] => 1
   | a :: l => koszulSignInsert q le a l * koszulSign q le l
 
+@[simp]
+lemma koszulSign_singleton (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le] (φ : 𝓕) :
+    koszulSign q le [φ] = 1 := by
+  simp [koszulSign, koszulSignInsert]
+
 lemma koszulSign_mul_self (l : List 𝓕) : koszulSign q le l * koszulSign q le l = 1 := by
   induction l with
   | nil => simp [koszulSign]
@@ -80,12 +85,14 @@ lemma koszulSign_erase_boson {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le :
 
 lemma koszulSign_insertIdx [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) :
     (φs : List 𝓕) → (n : ℕ) → (hn : n ≤ φs.length) →
-    koszulSign q le (List.insertIdx n φ φs) = insertSign q n φ φs * koszulSign q le φs *
+    koszulSign q le (List.insertIdx n φ φs) = 𝓢(q φ, ofList q (φs.take n)) * koszulSign q le φs *
-      insertSign q (insertionSortEquiv le (List.insertIdx n φ φs) ⟨n, by
+      𝓢(q φ, ofList q ((List.insertionSort le (List.insertIdx n φ φs)).take
-        rw [List.length_insertIdx, if_pos hn]
+      (insertionSortEquiv le (List.insertIdx n φ φs) ⟨n, by
-        exact Nat.succ_le_succ hn⟩) φ (List.insertionSort le (List.insertIdx n φ φs))
+        rw [List.length_insertIdx _ _]
+        simp only [hn, ↓reduceIte]
+        omega⟩)))
   | [], 0, h => by
-    simp [koszulSign, insertSign, superCommuteCoef, koszulSignInsert]
+    simp [koszulSign, koszulSignInsert]
   | [], n + 1, h => by
     simp at h
   | φ1 :: φs, 0, h => by
@@ -99,15 +106,15 @@ lemma koszulSign_insertIdx [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) :
       Fin.isValue, HepLean.Fin.finExtractOne_symm_inl_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv,
       Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Fin.cast_mk, Fin.eta]
     conv_rhs =>
-      enter [2, 4]
+      enter [2,2, 2, 2]
       rw [orderedInsert_eq_insertIdx_orderedInsertPos]
     conv_rhs =>
       rhs
-      rw [← insertSign_insert]
+      rw [← ofList_take_insert]
-      change insertSign q (↑(orderedInsertPos le ((List.insertionSort le (φ1 :: φs))) φ)) φ
+      change 𝓢(q φ, ofList q ((List.insertionSort le (φ1 :: φs)).take
-        (List.insertionSort le (φ1 :: φs))
+        (↑(orderedInsertPos le ((List.insertionSort le (φ1 :: φs))) φ))))
-      rw [← koszulSignInsert_eq_insertSign q le]
+      rw [← koszulSignInsert_eq_exchangeSign_take q le]
-    rw [insertSign_zero]
+    rw [ofList_take_zero]
     simp
   | φ1 :: φs, n + 1, h => by
     conv_lhs =>
@@ -122,10 +129,10 @@ lemma koszulSign_insertIdx [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) :
       erw [orderedInsertEquiv_fin_succ]
       simp only [Fin.eta, Fin.coe_cast]
       rhs
-      rw [orderedInsert_eq_insertIdx_orderedInsertPos]
+      simp [orderedInsert_eq_insertIdx_orderedInsertPos]
     conv_rhs =>
       lhs
-      rw [insertSign_succ_cons, koszulSign]
+      rw [ofList_take_succ_cons, map_mul, koszulSign]
     ring_nf
     conv_lhs =>
       lhs
@@ -138,18 +145,19 @@ lemma koszulSign_insertIdx [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) :
     have hnsL : n < (List.insertIdx n φ φs).length := by
       rw [List.length_insertIdx _ _]
       simp only [List.length_cons, add_le_add_iff_right] at h
-      rw [if_pos h]
+      simp only [h, ↓reduceIte]
-      exact Nat.succ_le_succ h
+      omega
     let ni : Fin rs.length := (insertionSortEquiv le (List.insertIdx n φ φs))
       ⟨n, hnsL⟩
     let nro : Fin (rs.length + 1) :=
       ⟨↑(orderedInsertPos le rs φ1), orderedInsertPos_lt_length le rs φ1⟩
     rw [koszulSignInsert_insertIdx, koszulSignInsert_cons]
-    trans koszulSignInsert q le φ1 φs * (koszulSignCons q le φ1 φ *insertSign q ni φ rs)
+    trans koszulSignInsert q le φ1 φs * (koszulSignCons q le φ1 φ *
+      𝓢(q φ, ofList q (rs.take ni)))
     · simp only [rs, ni]
       ring
-    trans koszulSignInsert q le φ1 φs * (superCommuteCoef q [φ] [φ1] *
+    trans koszulSignInsert q le φ1 φs * (𝓢(q φ, q φ1) *
-          insertSign q (nro.succAbove ni) φ (List.insertIdx nro φ1 rs))
+          𝓢(q φ, ofList q ((List.insertIdx nro φ1 rs).take (nro.succAbove ni))))
     swap
     · simp only [rs, nro, ni]
       ring
@@ -169,21 +177,86 @@ lemma koszulSign_insertIdx [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) :
       exact List.sorted_insertionSort le (List.insertIdx n φ φs)
     by_cases hn : ni.castSucc < nro
     · simp only [hn, ↓reduceIte, Fin.coe_castSucc]
-      rw [insertSign_insert_gt]
+      rw [ofList_take_insertIdx_gt]
       swap
       · exact hn
       congr 1
-      rw [koszulSignCons_eq_superComuteCoef]
+      rw [koszulSignCons_eq_exchangeSign]
       simp only [hc1 hn, ↓reduceIte]
-      rw [superCommuteCoef_comm]
+      rw [exchangeSign_symm]
     · simp only [hn, ↓reduceIte, Fin.val_succ]
-      rw [insertSign_insert_lt, ← mul_assoc]
+      rw [ofList_take_insertIdx_le, map_mul, ← mul_assoc]
       congr 1
-      rw [superCommuteCoef_mul_self, koszulSignCons]
+      rw [exchangeSign_mul_self, koszulSignCons]
       simp only [hc2 hn, ↓reduceIte]
       exact Nat.le_of_not_lt hn
       exact Nat.le_of_lt_succ (orderedInsertPos_lt_length le rs φ1)
     · exact Nat.le_of_lt_succ h
     · exact Nat.le_of_lt_succ h
 
+lemma insertIdx_eraseIdx {I : Type} : (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) → (hn : n < r.length) →
+    List.insertIdx n (r.get ⟨n, hn⟩) (r.eraseIdx n) = r
+  | n, [], hn => by
+    simp at hn
+  | 0, r0 :: r, hn => by
+    simp
+  | n + 1, r0 :: r, hn => by
+    simp only [List.length_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, List.getElem_cons_succ,
+      List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+    exact insertIdx_eraseIdx n r _
+
+lemma koszulSign_eraseIdx [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φs : List 𝓕) (n : Fin φs.length) :
+    koszulSign q le (φs.eraseIdx n) = koszulSign q le φs * 𝓢(q (φs.get n), ofList q (φs.take n)) *
+    𝓢(q (φs.get n), ofList q (List.take (↑(insertionSortEquiv le φs n))
+    (List.insertionSort le φs))) := by
+  let φs' := φs.eraseIdx ↑n
+  have hφs : List.insertIdx n (φs.get n) φs' = φs := by
+    exact insertIdx_eraseIdx n.1 φs n.prop
+  conv_rhs =>
+    lhs
+    lhs
+    rw [← hφs]
+    rw [koszulSign_insertIdx q le (φs.get n) ((φs.eraseIdx ↑n)) n (by
+      rw [List.length_eraseIdx]
+      simp only [Fin.is_lt, ↓reduceIte]
+      omega)]
+    rhs
+    enter [2, 2, 2]
+    rw [hφs]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    enter [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1]
+    rw [insertionSortEquiv_congr _ _ hφs]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, List.get_eq_getElem, Equiv.trans_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv,
+    Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Fin.cast_mk, Fin.eta, Fin.coe_cast]
+  trans koszulSign q le (φs.eraseIdx ↑n) *
+    (𝓢(q φs[↑n], ofList q ((φs.eraseIdx ↑n).take n)) * 𝓢(q φs[↑n], ofList q (List.take (↑n) φs))) *
+    (𝓢(q φs[↑n], ofList q ((List.insertionSort le φs).take (↑((insertionSortEquiv le φs) n)))) *
+    𝓢(q φs[↑n], ofList q (List.take (↑((insertionSortEquiv le φs) n)) (List.insertionSort le φs))))
+  swap
+  · simp only [Fin.getElem_fin]
+    ring
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Fin.getElem_fin, mul_one]
+  conv_rhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [ofList_take_eraseIdx, exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  simp
+
+lemma koszulSign_eraseIdx_insertionSortMinPos [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+    koszulSign q le ((φ :: φs).eraseIdx (insertionSortMinPos le φ φs)) = koszulSign q le (φ :: φs)
+    * 𝓢(q (insertionSortMin le φ φs), ofList q ((φ :: φs).take (insertionSortMinPos le φ φs))) := by
+  rw [koszulSign_eraseIdx]
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rhs
+    lhs
+    simp [insertionSortMinPos]
+  erw [Equiv.apply_symm_apply]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, List.insertionSort,
+    List.take_zero, ofList_empty, exchangeSign_bosonic, mul_one, mul_eq_mul_left_iff]
+  apply Or.inl
+  rfl
+
 end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Koszul/KoszulSignInsert.lean

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
 Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
 Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
 -/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.InsertSign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics.ExchangeSign
 /-!
 
 # Koszul sign insert
@@ -153,11 +153,19 @@ lemma koszulSignInsert_eq_sort (φs : List 𝓕) (φ : 𝓕) :
   apply koszulSignInsert_eq_perm
   exact List.Perm.symm (List.perm_insertionSort le φs)
 
-lemma koszulSignInsert_eq_insertSign [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
+lemma koszulSignInsert_eq_exchangeSign_take [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
-    koszulSignInsert q le φ φs = insertSign q (orderedInsertPos le (List.insertionSort le φs) φ)
+    koszulSignInsert q le φ φs = 𝓢(q φ, ofList q
-      φ (List.insertionSort le φs) := by
+    ((List.insertionSort le φs).take (orderedInsertPos le (List.insertionSort le φs) φ))) := by
   rw [koszulSignInsert_eq_cons, koszulSignInsert_eq_sort, koszulSignInsert_eq_filter,
-    koszulSignInsert_eq_grade, insertSign, superCommuteCoef]
+    koszulSignInsert_eq_grade]
+  have hx : (exchangeSign (q φ))
+      (ofList q (List.take (↑(orderedInsertPos le (List.insertionSort le φs) φ))
+      (List.insertionSort le φs))) = if FieldStatistic.ofList q [φ] = fermionic ∧
+      FieldStatistic.ofList q (List.take (↑(orderedInsertPos le (List.insertionSort le φs) φ))
+      (List.insertionSort le φs)) = fermionic then - 1 else 1 := by
+    rw [exchangeSign_eq_if]
+    simp
+  rw [hx]
   congr
   simp only [List.filter_filter, Bool.and_self]
   rw [List.insertionSort]
@@ -206,14 +214,14 @@ def koszulSignCons (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) : ℂ :=
   if le φ0 φ1 then 1 else
   if q φ0 = fermionic ∧ q φ1 = fermionic then -1 else 1
 
-lemma koszulSignCons_eq_superComuteCoef (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) : koszulSignCons q le φ0 φ1 =
+lemma koszulSignCons_eq_exchangeSign (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) : koszulSignCons q le φ0 φ1 =
-    if le φ0 φ1 then 1 else superCommuteCoef q [φ0] [φ1] := by
+    if le φ0 φ1 then 1 else 𝓢(q φ0, q φ1) := by
-  simp only [koszulSignCons, Fin.isValue, superCommuteCoef, ofList, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one,
+  simp only [koszulSignCons, Fin.isValue, ofList, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one,
     imp_false]
   congr 1
   by_cases h0 : q φ0 = fermionic
   · by_cases h1 : q φ1 = fermionic
-    · simp [h0, h1]
+    · simp [h0, h1, exchangeSign]
     · have h1 : q φ1 = bosonic := (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (q φ1)).mp h1
       simp [h0, h1]
   · have h0 : q φ0 = bosonic := (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (q φ0)).mp h0

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/CreateAnnihilateSection.lean

@@ -1,435 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.StaticWickCoef
-/-!
-
-# Create and annihilate sections (of bundles)
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-open HepLean.List
-open FieldStatistic
-
-/-- The sections of `Σ i, f i` over a list `φs : List 𝓕`.
-  In terms of physics, given some fields `φ₁...φₙ`, the different ways one can associate
-  each field as a `creation` or an `annihilation` operator. E.g. the number of terms
-  `φ₁⁰φ₂¹...φₙ⁰` `φ₁¹φ₂¹...φₙ⁰` etc. If some fields are exclusively creation or annihilation
-  operators at this point (e.g. asymptotic states) this is accounted for. -/
-def CreateAnnihilateSect {𝓕 : Type} (f : 𝓕 → Type) (φs : List 𝓕) : Type :=
-  Π i, f (φs.get i)
-
-namespace CreateAnnihilateSect
-
-section basic_defs
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] {φs : List 𝓕}
-  (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f φs)
-
-/-- The type `CreateAnnihilateSect f φs` is finite. -/
-instance fintype : Fintype (CreateAnnihilateSect f φs) := Pi.instFintype
-
-/-- The section got by dropping the first element of `φs` if it exists. -/
-def tail : {φs : List 𝓕} → (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f φs) → CreateAnnihilateSect f φs.tail
-  | [], a => a
-  | _ :: _, a => fun i => a (Fin.succ i)
-
-/-- For a list of fields `i :: l` the value of the section at the head `i`. -/
-def head {φ : 𝓕} (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (φ :: φs)) : f φ := a ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ φs.length⟩
-
-end basic_defs
-
-section toList_basic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} {f : 𝓕 → Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-  {φs : List 𝓕} (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f φs)
-
-/-- The list `List (Σ i, f i)` defined by `a`. -/
-def toList : {l : List 𝓕} → (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l) → List (Σ i, f i)
-  | [], _ => []
-  | i :: _, a => ⟨i, a.head⟩ :: toList a.tail
-
-@[simp]
-lemma toList_length : (toList a).length = φs.length := by
-  induction φs with
-  | nil => rfl
-  | cons i l ih =>
-    simp only [toList, List.length_cons, Fin.zero_eta]
-    rw [ih]
-
-lemma toList_tail : {l : List 𝓕} → (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l) → toList a.tail = (toList a).tail
-  | [], _ => rfl
-  | i :: l, a => by
-    simp [toList]
-
-lemma toList_cons {i : 𝓕} (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (i :: φs)) :
-    (toList a) = ⟨i, a.head⟩ :: toList a.tail := by
-  rfl
-
-lemma toList_get (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f φs) :
-    (toList a).get = (fun i => ⟨φs.get i, a i⟩) ∘ Fin.cast (by simp) := by
-  induction φs with
-  | nil =>
-    funext i
-    exact Fin.elim0 i
-  | cons i l ih =>
-    simp only [toList_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, Fin.zero_eta, List.getElem_cons_succ,
-      Function.comp_apply, Fin.cast_mk]
-    funext x
-    match x with
-    | ⟨0, h⟩ => rfl
-    | ⟨x + 1, h⟩ =>
-      simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, Prod.mk.eta, List.getElem_cons_succ, Function.comp_apply]
-      change (toList a.tail).get _ = _
-      rw [ih]
-      simp [tail]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma toList_grade :
-    FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.fst) a.toList = fermionic ↔
-    FieldStatistic.ofList q φs = fermionic := by
-  induction φs with
-  | nil =>
-    simp [toList]
-  | cons i r ih =>
-    simp only [ofList, Fin.isValue, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one, imp_false]
-    have ih' := ih (fun i => a i.succ)
-    have h1 : ofList (fun i => q i.fst) a.tail.toList = ofList q r := by
-      by_cases h : ofList q r = fermionic
-      · simp_all
-      · have h0 : ofList q r = bosonic := (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (ofList q r)).mp h
-        rw [h0] at ih'
-        simp only [reduceCtorEq, iff_false, neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic] at ih'
-        have h0' : ofList (fun i => q i.fst) a.tail.toList = bosonic := ih'
-        rw [h0, h0']
-    rw [h1]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma toList_grade_take (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) :
-    (r : List 𝓕) → (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f r) → (n : ℕ) →
-    ofList (fun i => q i.fst) (List.take n a.toList) = ofList q (List.take n r)
-  | [], _, _ => by
-    simp [toList]
-  | i :: r, a, 0 => by
-    simp
-  | i :: r, a, Nat.succ n => by
-    simp only [ofList, Fin.isValue]
-    rw [toList_grade_take q r a.tail n]
-
-end toList_basic
-
-section toList_erase
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} {f : 𝓕 → Type} {l : List 𝓕}
-
-/-- The equivalence between `CreateAnnihilateSect f l` and
-  `f (l.get n) × CreateAnnihilateSect f (l.eraseIdx n)` obtained by extracting the `n`th field
-  from `l`. -/
-def extractEquiv (n : Fin l.length) : CreateAnnihilateSect f l ≃
-    f (l.get n) × CreateAnnihilateSect f (l.eraseIdx n) := by
-  match l with
-  | [] => exact Fin.elim0 n
-  | l0 :: l =>
-    let e1 : CreateAnnihilateSect f ((l0 :: l).eraseIdx n) ≃
-        Π i, f ((l0 :: l).get (n.succAbove i)) :=
-      Equiv.piCongr (Fin.castOrderIso (by rw [eraseIdx_cons_length])).toEquiv
-      fun x => Equiv.cast (congrArg f (by
-      rw [HepLean.List.eraseIdx_get]
-      simp only [List.length_cons, Function.comp_apply, List.get_eq_getElem, Fin.coe_cast,
-        RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply]
-      congr 1
-      simp only [Fin.succAbove]
-      split
-      next h =>
-        simp_all only [Fin.coe_castSucc]
-        split
-        next h_1 => simp_all only [Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast]
-        next h_1 =>
-          simp_all only [not_lt, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast, self_eq_add_right, one_ne_zero]
-          simp only [Fin.le_def, List.length_cons, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast] at h_1
-          simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast] at h
-          omega
-      next h =>
-        simp_all only [not_lt, Fin.val_succ]
-        split
-        next h_1 =>
-          simp_all only [Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast, add_right_eq_self, one_ne_zero]
-          simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast] at h_1
-          simp only [Fin.le_def, Fin.coe_cast, Fin.coe_castSucc] at h
-          omega
-        next h_1 => simp_all only [not_lt, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast]))
-    exact (Fin.insertNthEquiv _ _).symm.trans (Equiv.prodCongr (Equiv.refl _) e1.symm)
-
-lemma extractEquiv_symm_toList_get_same (n : Fin l.length) (a0 : f (l.get n))
-    (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (l.eraseIdx n)) :
-    ((extractEquiv n).symm (a0, a)).toList[n] = ⟨l[n], a0⟩ := by
-  match l with
-  | [] => exact Fin.elim0 n
-  | l0 :: l =>
-    trans (((CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv n).symm (a0, a)).toList).get (Fin.cast (by simp) n)
-    · simp only [List.length_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, Fin.coe_cast]
-      rfl
-    rw [CreateAnnihilateSect.toList_get]
-    simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, extractEquiv, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv,
-      Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Equiv.symm_trans_apply, Equiv.symm_symm, Equiv.prodCongr_symm,
-      Equiv.refl_symm, Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_apply, id_eq,
-      Function.comp_apply, Fin.cast_trans, Fin.cast_eq_self, Sigma.mk.inj_iff, heq_eq_eq]
-    apply And.intro
-    · rfl
-    erw [Fin.insertNthEquiv_apply]
-    simp only [Fin.insertNth_apply_same]
-
-/-- The section obtained by dropping the `n`th field. -/
-def eraseIdx (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l) (n : Fin l.length) :
-    CreateAnnihilateSect f (l.eraseIdx n) :=
-  (extractEquiv n a).2
-
-@[simp]
-lemma eraseIdx_zero_tail {i : 𝓕} (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (i :: l)) :
-    (eraseIdx a (@OfNat.ofNat (Fin (l.length + 1)) 0 Fin.instOfNat : Fin (l.length + 1))) =
-    a.tail := by
-  simp only [List.length_cons, Fin.val_zero, List.eraseIdx_cons_zero, eraseIdx, List.get_eq_getElem,
-    List.getElem_cons_zero, extractEquiv, Fin.zero_succAbove, Fin.val_succ, List.getElem_cons_succ,
-    Fin.insertNthEquiv_zero, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Fin.cast_eq_self,
-    Equiv.cast_refl, Equiv.trans_apply, Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_snd]
-  rfl
-
-lemma eraseIdx_succ_head {i : 𝓕} (n : ℕ) (hn : n + 1 < (i :: l).length)
-    (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (i :: l)) : (eraseIdx a ⟨n + 1, hn⟩).head = a.head := by
-  rw [eraseIdx, extractEquiv]
-  simp only [List.length_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, List.getElem_cons_succ, List.eraseIdx_cons_succ,
-    RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Equiv.trans_apply, Equiv.prodCongr_apply,
-    Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_snd]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [1, 2, 1]
-    erw [Fin.insertNthEquiv_symm_apply]
-  simp only [head, Equiv.piCongr, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Equiv.piCongrRight,
-    Equiv.cast_symm, Equiv.piCongrLeft, OrderIso.toEquiv_symm, OrderIso.symm_symm,
-    Equiv.piCongrLeft', List.length_cons, Fin.zero_eta, Equiv.symm_trans_apply, Equiv.symm_symm,
-    Equiv.coe_fn_mk, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk, Pi.map_apply, Fin.cast_zero, Fin.val_zero,
-    List.getElem_cons_zero, Equiv.cast_apply]
-  simp only [Fin.succAbove, Fin.castSucc_zero', Fin.removeNth]
-  refine cast_eq_iff_heq.mpr ?_
-  congr
-  simp [Fin.ext_iff]
-
-lemma eraseIdx_succ_tail {i : 𝓕} (n : ℕ) (hn : n + 1 < (i :: l).length)
-    (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (i :: l)) :
-    (eraseIdx a ⟨n + 1, hn⟩).tail = eraseIdx a.tail ⟨n, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp hn⟩ := by
-  match l with
-  | [] =>
-    simp at hn
-  | r0 :: r =>
-  rw [eraseIdx, extractEquiv]
-  simp only [List.length_cons, List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.tail_cons, List.get_eq_getElem,
-    List.getElem_cons_succ, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Equiv.trans_apply,
-    Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_snd, Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [1, 2, 1]
-    erw [Fin.insertNthEquiv_symm_apply]
-  rw [eraseIdx]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    rhs
-    rw [extractEquiv]
-    simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply,
-      Equiv.trans_apply, Equiv.prodCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_refl, Prod.map_snd]
-    erw [Fin.insertNthEquiv_symm_apply]
-  simp only [tail, List.tail_cons, Equiv.piCongr, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply,
-    Equiv.piCongrRight, Equiv.cast_symm, Equiv.piCongrLeft, OrderIso.toEquiv_symm,
-    OrderIso.symm_symm, Equiv.piCongrLeft', Equiv.symm_trans_apply, Equiv.symm_symm,
-    Equiv.coe_fn_mk, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk, Pi.map_apply, Fin.cast_succ_eq, Fin.val_succ,
-    List.getElem_cons_succ, Equiv.cast_apply, List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, Fin.succ_mk,
-    Prod.map_apply, id_eq]
-  funext i
-  simp only [Pi.map_apply, Equiv.cast_apply]
-  have hcast {α β : Type} (h : α = β) (a : α) (b : β) : cast h a = b ↔ a = cast (Eq.symm h) b := by
-    cases h
-    simp
-  rw [hcast]
-  simp only [cast_cast]
-  refine eq_cast_iff_heq.mpr ?_
-  simp only [Fin.succAbove, Fin.removeNth]
-  congr
-  simp only [List.length_cons, Fin.ext_iff, Fin.val_succ]
-  split
-  next h =>
-    simp_all only [Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast, add_left_inj]
-    split
-    next h_1 => simp_all only [Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast]
-    next h_1 =>
-      simp_all only [not_lt, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast, self_eq_add_right, one_ne_zero]
-      simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast, add_lt_add_iff_right]
-        at h
-      simp only [Fin.le_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast] at h_1
-      omega
-  next h =>
-    simp_all only [not_lt, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast, add_left_inj]
-    split
-    next h_1 =>
-      simp_all only [Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast, add_right_eq_self, one_ne_zero]
-      simp only [Fin.le_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast, add_le_add_iff_right]
-        at h
-      simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, Fin.coe_cast] at h_1
-      omega
-    next h_1 => simp_all only [not_lt, Fin.val_succ, Fin.coe_cast]
-
-lemma eraseIdx_toList : {l : List 𝓕} → {n : Fin l.length} → (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l) →
-    (eraseIdx a n).toList = a.toList.eraseIdx n
-  | [], n, _ => Fin.elim0 n
-  | r0 :: r, ⟨0, h⟩, a => by
-    simp [toList_tail]
-  | r0 :: r, ⟨n + 1, h⟩, a => by
-    simp only [toList, List.length_cons, List.tail_cons, List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.cons.injEq,
-      Sigma.mk.inj_iff, heq_eq_eq, true_and]
-    apply And.intro
-    · rw [eraseIdx_succ_head]
-    · conv_rhs => rw [← eraseIdx_toList (l := r) (n := ⟨n, Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h⟩) a.tail]
-      rw [eraseIdx_succ_tail]
-
-lemma extractEquiv_symm_eraseIdx {I : Type} {f : I → Type}
-    {l : List I} (n : Fin l.length) (a0 : f l[↑n]) (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (l.eraseIdx n)) :
-    ((extractEquiv n).symm (a0, a)).eraseIdx n = a := by
-  match l with
-  | [] => exact Fin.elim0 n
-  | l0 :: l =>
-    rw [eraseIdx, extractEquiv]
-    simp
-
-end toList_erase
-
-section toList_sign_conditions
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} {f : 𝓕 → Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-  {l : List 𝓕} (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l)
-
-lemma toList_koszulSignInsert (x : (i : 𝓕) × f i) :
-    koszulSignInsert (fun i => q i.fst) (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) x a.toList =
-    koszulSignInsert q le x.1 l := by
-  induction l with
-  | nil => simp [koszulSignInsert]
-  | cons b l ih =>
-    simp only [koszulSignInsert, List.tail_cons, Fin.isValue]
-    rw [ih]
-
-lemma toList_koszulSign :
-    koszulSign (fun i => q i.fst) (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) a.toList =
-    koszulSign q le l := by
-  induction l with
-  | nil => simp [koszulSign]
-  | cons i l ih =>
-    simp only [koszulSign, List.tail_cons]
-    rw [ih]
-    congr 1
-    rw [toList_koszulSignInsert]
-
-lemma insertionSortEquiv_toList :
-    insertionSortEquiv (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) a.toList =
-    (Fin.castOrderIso (by simp)).toEquiv.trans ((insertionSortEquiv le l).trans
-    (Fin.castOrderIso (by simp)).toEquiv) := by
-  induction l with
-  | nil =>
-    simp [liftM, HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv]
-  | cons i l ih =>
-    simp only [liftM, List.length_cons, Fin.zero_eta, List.insertionSort]
-    conv_lhs => simp [HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv]
-    erw [orderedInsertEquiv_sigma]
-    rw [ih]
-    simp only [HepLean.Fin.equivCons_trans, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
-      HepLean.Fin.equivCons_castOrderIso, List.length_cons, Nat.add_zero, Nat.zero_eq,
-      Fin.zero_eta]
-    ext x
-    conv_rhs => simp [HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv]
-    simp only [Equiv.trans_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Fin.cast_trans,
-      Fin.coe_cast]
-    have h2' (i : Σ i, f i) (l' : List (Σ i, f i)) :
-      List.map (fun i => i.1) (List.orderedInsert (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) i l') =
-      List.orderedInsert le i.1 (List.map (fun i => i.1) l') := by
-      induction l' with
-      | nil =>
-        simp [HepLean.List.orderedInsertEquiv]
-      | cons j l' ih' =>
-        by_cases hij : (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) i j
-        · rw [List.orderedInsert_of_le]
-          · erw [List.orderedInsert_of_le]
-            · simp
-            · exact hij
-          · exact hij
-        · simp only [List.orderedInsert, hij, ↓reduceIte, List.unzip_snd, List.map_cons]
-          simp only [↓reduceIte, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-          simpa using ih'
-    have h2 (l' : List (Σ i, f i)) :
-        List.map (fun i => i.1) (List.insertionSort (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) l') =
-        List.insertionSort le (List.map (fun i => i.1) l') := by
-      induction l' with
-      | nil =>
-        simp [HepLean.List.orderedInsertEquiv]
-      | cons i l' ih' =>
-        simp only [List.insertionSort, List.unzip_snd]
-        simp only [List.unzip_snd] at h2'
-        rw [h2']
-        congr
-    rw [HepLean.List.orderedInsertEquiv_congr _ _ _ (h2 _)]
-    simp only [List.length_cons, Equiv.trans_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply,
-      Fin.cast_trans, Fin.coe_cast]
-    have h3 : (List.insertionSort le (List.map (fun i => i.1) a.tail.toList)) =
-      List.insertionSort le l := by
-      congr
-      have h3' (l : List 𝓕) (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l) :
-        List.map (fun i => i.1) a.toList = l := by
-        induction l with
-        | nil => rfl
-        | cons i l ih' =>
-          simp only [toList, List.length_cons, Fin.zero_eta, Prod.mk.eta,
-            List.unzip_snd, List.map_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-          simpa using ih' _
-      rw [h3']
-      rfl
-    rw [HepLean.List.orderedInsertEquiv_congr _ _ _ h3]
-    simp only [List.length_cons, Equiv.trans_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply,
-      Fin.cast_trans, Fin.cast_eq_self, Fin.coe_cast]
-    rfl
-
-/-- Given a section for `l` the corresponding section
-  for `List.insertionSort le1 l`. -/
-def sort :
-    CreateAnnihilateSect f (List.insertionSort le l) :=
-  Equiv.piCongr (HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv le l) (fun i => (Equiv.cast (by
-      congr 1
-      rw [← HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv_get]
-      simp))) a
-
-lemma sort_toList :
-    (a.sort le).toList = List.insertionSort (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) a.toList := by
-  let l1 := List.insertionSort (fun i j => le i.fst j.fst) a.toList
-  let l2 := (a.sort le).toList
-  symm
-  change l1 = l2
-  have hlen : l1.length = l2.length := by
-    simp [l1, l2]
-  have hget : l1.get = l2.get ∘ Fin.cast hlen := by
-    rw [← HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv_get]
-    rw [toList_get, toList_get]
-    funext i
-    rw [insertionSortEquiv_toList]
-    simp only [Function.comp_apply, Equiv.symm_trans_apply,
-      OrderIso.toEquiv_symm, Fin.symm_castOrderIso, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply,
-      Fin.cast_trans, Fin.cast_eq_self, id_eq, eq_mpr_eq_cast, Fin.coe_cast, Sigma.mk.inj_iff]
-    apply And.intro
-    · have h1 := congrFun (HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv_get (r := le) l) (Fin.cast (by simp) i)
-      rw [← h1]
-      simp
-    · simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, sort, Equiv.piCongr, Equiv.trans_apply, Fin.coe_cast,
-      Equiv.piCongrLeft_apply, Equiv.piCongrRight_apply, Pi.map_apply, Equiv.cast_apply,
-      heq_eqRec_iff_heq]
-      exact (cast_heq _ _).symm
-  apply List.ext_get hlen
-  rw [hget]
-  simp
-
-end toList_sign_conditions
-end CreateAnnihilateSect
-
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/KoszulOrder.lean

@@ -1,245 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.StaticWickCoef
-/-!
-
-# Koszul signs and ordering for lists and algebras
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-
-noncomputable section
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-
-/-- Given a relation `r` on `I` sorts elements of `MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid I)` by `r` giving it
-  a signed dependent on `q`. -/
-def koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra :
-    MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) →ₗ[ℂ] MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) :=
-  Finsupp.lift (MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕)) ℂ (List 𝓕)
-    (fun i => Finsupp.lsingle (R := ℂ) (List.insertionSort le i) (koszulSign q le i))
-
-lemma koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra_ofList (i : List 𝓕) :
-    koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra q le (MonoidAlgebra.of ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) i) =
-    (koszulSign q le i) • (MonoidAlgebra.of ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) (List.insertionSort le i)) := by
-  simp only [koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra, Finsupp.lsingle_apply, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-    MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', mul_one]
-  rw [MonoidAlgebra.ext_iff]
-  intro x
-  erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', zero_mul, Finsupp.single_zero, Finsupp.sum_single_index,
-    one_mul]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra_single (l : FreeMonoid 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra q le (MonoidAlgebra.single l x)
-    = (koszulSign q le l) • (MonoidAlgebra.single (List.insertionSort le l) x) := by
-  simp only [koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra, Finsupp.lsingle_apply, MonoidAlgebra.smul_single']
-  rw [MonoidAlgebra.ext_iff]
-  intro x'
-  erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', zero_mul, Finsupp.single_zero, Finsupp.sum_single_index,
-    one_mul, MonoidAlgebra.single]
-  congr 2
-  rw [NonUnitalNormedCommRing.mul_comm]
-
-/-- Given a relation `r` on `I` sorts elements of `FreeAlgebra ℂ I` by `r` giving it
-  a signed dependent on `q`. -/
-def koszulOrder : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 :=
-  FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm.toAlgHom.toLinearMap
-  ∘ₗ koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra q le
-  ∘ₗ FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toAlgHom.toLinearMap
-
-@[simp]
-lemma koszulOrder_ι (i : 𝓕) : koszulOrder q le (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) = FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i := by
-  simp only [koszulOrder, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_eq_coe, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_toLinearMap,
-    koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra, Finsupp.lsingle_apply, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply]
-  rw [AlgEquiv.symm_apply_eq]
-  simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_apply, FreeAlgebra.lift_ι_apply]
-  rw [@MonoidAlgebra.ext_iff]
-  intro x
-  erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', List.insertionSort, List.orderedInsert,
-    koszulSign_freeMonoid_of, mul_one, Finsupp.single_zero, Finsupp.sum_single_index]
-  rfl
-
-@[simp]
-lemma koszulOrder_single (l : FreeMonoid 𝓕) :
-    koszulOrder q le (FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single l x))
-    = FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm
-    (MonoidAlgebra.single (List.insertionSort le l) (koszulSign q le l * x)) := by
-  simp [koszulOrder]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma koszulOrder_ι_pair (i j : 𝓕) : koszulOrder q le (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j) =
-    if le i j then FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j else
-    (koszulSign q le [i, j]) • (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) := by
-  have h1 : FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j =
-    FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single [i, j] 1) := by
-    simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-      AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-    rfl
-  conv_lhs => rw [h1]
-  simp only [koszulOrder, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_eq_coe, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_toLinearMap,
-    LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply, AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply,
-    koszulOrderMonoidAlgebra_single, List.insertionSort, List.orderedInsert,
-    MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', mul_one]
-  by_cases hr : le i j
-  · rw [if_pos hr, if_pos hr]
-    simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-      AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single]
-    have hKS : koszulSign q le [i, j] = 1 := by
-      simp only [koszulSign, koszulSignInsert, Fin.isValue, mul_one, ite_eq_left_iff,
-        ite_eq_right_iff, and_imp]
-      exact fun a a_1 a_2 => False.elim (a hr)
-    rw [hKS]
-    simp only [one_smul]
-    rfl
-  · rw [if_neg hr, if_neg hr]
-    simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-      AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single]
-    rfl
-
-@[simp]
-lemma koszulOrder_one : koszulOrder q le 1 = 1 := by
-  trans koszulOrder q le (FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single [] 1))
-  congr
-  · simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-    rfl
-  · simp only [koszulOrder_single, List.insertionSort, mul_one, EmbeddingLike.map_eq_one_iff]
-    rfl
-
-lemma mul_koszulOrder_le (i : 𝓕) (A : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) (hi : ∀ j, le i j) :
-    FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * koszulOrder q le A = koszulOrder q le (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * A) := by
-  let f : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 := {
-    toFun := fun x => FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * x,
-    map_add' := fun x y => by
-      simp [mul_add],
-    map_smul' := by simp}
-  change (f ∘ₗ koszulOrder q le) A = (koszulOrder q le ∘ₗ f) _
-  have f_single (l : FreeMonoid 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-      f ((FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single l x)))
-      = (FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single (i :: l) x)) := by
-    simp only [LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, f]
-    have hf : FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i = FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm
-        (MonoidAlgebra.single [i] 1) := by
-      simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-        AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-      rfl
-    rw [hf]
-    rw [@AlgEquiv.eq_symm_apply]
-    simp only [map_mul, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.single_mul_single, one_mul]
-    rfl
-  have h1 : f ∘ₗ koszulOrder q le = koszulOrder q le ∘ₗ f := by
-    let e : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 ≃ₗ[ℂ] MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) :=
-      FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toLinearEquiv
-    apply (LinearEquiv.eq_comp_toLinearMap_iff (e₁₂ := e.symm) _ _).mp
-    apply MonoidAlgebra.lhom_ext'
-    intro l
-    apply LinearMap.ext
-    intro x
-    simp only [LinearMap.coe_comp, LinearEquiv.coe_coe, Function.comp_apply,
-      MonoidAlgebra.lsingle_apply]
-    erw [koszulOrder_single]
-    rw [f_single]
-    erw [f_single]
-    rw [koszulOrder_single]
-    congr 2
-    · simp only [List.insertionSort]
-      have hi (l : List 𝓕) : i :: l = List.orderedInsert le i l := by
-        induction l with
-        | nil => rfl
-        | cons j l ih =>
-          refine (List.orderedInsert_of_le le l (hi j)).symm
-      exact hi _
-    · congr 1
-      rw [koszulSign]
-      have h1 (l : List 𝓕) : koszulSignInsert q le i l = 1 := by
-        exact koszulSignInsert_le_forall q le i l hi
-      rw [h1]
-      simp
-  rw [h1]
-
-lemma koszulOrder_mul_ge (i : 𝓕) (A : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) (hi : ∀ j, le j i) :
-    koszulOrder q le A * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i = koszulOrder q le (A * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) := by
-  let f : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 := {
-    toFun := fun x => x * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i,
-    map_add' := fun x y => by
-      simp [add_mul],
-    map_smul' := by simp}
-  change (f ∘ₗ koszulOrder q le) A = (koszulOrder q le ∘ₗ f) A
-  have f_single (l : FreeMonoid 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-      f ((FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single l x)))
-      = (FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm
-      (MonoidAlgebra.single (l.toList ++ [i]) x)) := by
-    simp only [LinearMap.coe_mk, AddHom.coe_mk, f]
-    have hf : FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i = FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm
-        (MonoidAlgebra.single [i] 1) := by
-      simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-        AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-      rfl
-    rw [hf]
-    rw [@AlgEquiv.eq_symm_apply]
-    simp only [map_mul, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.single_mul_single, mul_one]
-    rfl
-  have h1 : f ∘ₗ koszulOrder q le = koszulOrder q le ∘ₗ f := by
-    let e : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 ≃ₗ[ℂ] MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) :=
-      FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toLinearEquiv
-    apply (LinearEquiv.eq_comp_toLinearMap_iff (e₁₂ := e.symm) _ _).mp
-    apply MonoidAlgebra.lhom_ext'
-    intro l
-    apply LinearMap.ext
-    intro x
-    simp only [LinearMap.coe_comp, LinearEquiv.coe_coe, Function.comp_apply,
-      MonoidAlgebra.lsingle_apply]
-    erw [koszulOrder_single]
-    rw [f_single]
-    erw [f_single]
-    rw [koszulOrder_single]
-    congr 3
-    · change (List.insertionSort le l) ++ [i] = List.insertionSort le (l.toList ++ [i])
-      have hoi (l : List 𝓕) (j : 𝓕) : List.orderedInsert le j (l ++ [i]) =
-          List.orderedInsert le j l ++ [i] := by
-        induction l with
-        | nil => simp [hi]
-        | cons b l ih =>
-          simp only [List.orderedInsert, List.append_eq]
-          by_cases hr : le j b
-          · rw [if_pos hr, if_pos hr]
-            rfl
-          · rw [if_neg hr, if_neg hr]
-            rw [ih]
-            rfl
-      have hI (l : List 𝓕) : (List.insertionSort le l) ++ [i] =
-          List.insertionSort le (l ++ [i]) := by
-        induction l with
-        | nil => rfl
-        | cons j l ih =>
-          simp only [List.insertionSort, List.append_eq]
-          rw [← ih]
-          rw [hoi]
-      rw [hI]
-      rfl
-    · have hI (l : List 𝓕) : koszulSign q le l = koszulSign q le (l ++ [i]) := by
-        induction l with
-        | nil => simp [koszulSign, koszulSignInsert]
-        | cons j l ih =>
-          simp only [koszulSign, List.append_eq]
-          rw [ih]
-          simp only [mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
-          apply Or.inl
-          rw [koszulSignInsert_ge_forall_append q le l j i hi]
-      rw [hI]
-      rfl
-  rw [h1]
-
-end
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/OfList.lean

@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.CreateAnnihilateSection
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.KoszulOrder
-/-!
-
-# Koszul signs and ordering for lists and algebras
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-open HepLean.List
-open FieldStatistic
-
-noncomputable section
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-
-/-- The element of the free algebra `FreeAlgebra ℂ I` associated with a `List I`. -/
-def ofList (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 :=
-  FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single l x)
-
-lemma ofList_pair (l r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    ofList (l ++ r) (x * y) = ofList l x * ofList r y := by
-  simp only [ofList, ← map_mul, MonoidAlgebra.single_mul_single, EmbeddingLike.apply_eq_iff_eq]
-  rfl
-
-lemma ofList_triple (la lb lc : List 𝓕) (xa xb xc : ℂ) :
-    ofList (la ++ lb ++ lc) (xa * xb * xc) = ofList la xa * ofList lb xb * ofList lc xc := by
-  rw [ofList_pair, ofList_pair]
-
-lemma ofList_triple_assoc (la lb lc : List 𝓕) (xa xb xc : ℂ) :
-    ofList (la ++ (lb ++ lc)) (xa * (xb * xc)) = ofList la xa * ofList lb xb * ofList lc xc := by
-  rw [ofList_pair, ofList_pair]
-  exact Eq.symm (mul_assoc (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb) (ofList lc xc))
-
-lemma ofList_cons_eq_ofList (l : List 𝓕) (i : 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    ofList (i :: l) x = ofList [i] 1 * ofList l x := by
-  simp only [ofList, ← map_mul, MonoidAlgebra.single_mul_single, one_mul,
-    EmbeddingLike.apply_eq_iff_eq]
-  rfl
-
-lemma ofList_singleton (i : 𝓕) :
-    ofList [i] 1 = FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i := by
-  simp only [ofList, FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply,
-    MonoidAlgebra.single, AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-  rfl
-
-lemma ofList_eq_smul_one (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    ofList l x = x • ofList l 1 := by
-  simp only [ofList]
-  rw [← map_smul]
-  simp
-
-lemma ofList_empty : ofList [] 1 = (1 : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) := by
-  simp only [ofList, EmbeddingLike.map_eq_one_iff]
-  rfl
-
-lemma ofList_empty' : ofList [] x = x • (1 : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) := by
-  rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, ofList_empty]
-
-lemma koszulOrder_ofList
-    (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    koszulOrder q le (ofList l x) = (koszulSign q le l) • ofList (List.insertionSort le l) x := by
-  rw [ofList]
-  rw [koszulOrder_single]
-  change ofList (List.insertionSort le l) _ = _
-  rw [ofList_eq_smul_one]
-  conv_rhs => rw [ofList_eq_smul_one]
-  rw [smul_smul]
-
-lemma ofList_insertionSort_eq_koszulOrder (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    ofList (List.insertionSort le l) x = (koszulSign q le l) • koszulOrder q le (ofList l x) := by
-  rw [koszulOrder_ofList]
-  rw [smul_smul]
-  rw [koszulSign_mul_self]
-  simp
-
-/-- The map of algebras from `FreeAlgebra ℂ I` to `FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i)` taking
-  the monomial `i` to the sum of elements in `(Σ i, f i)` above `i`, i.e. the sum of the fiber
-  above `i`. -/
-def sumFiber (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] :
-    FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) :=
-  FreeAlgebra.lift ℂ fun i => ∑ (j : f i), FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨i, j⟩
-
-lemma sumFiber_ι (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (i : 𝓕) :
-    sumFiber f (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) = ∑ (b : f i), FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨i, b⟩ := by
-  simp [sumFiber]
-
-/-- Given a list `l : List I` the corresponding element of `FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i)`
-  by mapping each `i : I` to the sum of it's fiber in `Σ i, f i` and taking the product of the
-  result.
-  For example, in terms of creation and annihilation opperators,
-  `[φ₁, φ₂, φ₃]` gets taken to `(φ₁⁰ + φ₁¹)(φ₂⁰ + φ₂¹)(φ₃⁰ + φ₃¹)`.
-  -/
-def ofListLift (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) :=
-  sumFiber f (ofList l x)
-
-lemma ofListLift_empty (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] :
-    ofListLift f [] 1 = 1 := by
-  simp only [ofListLift, EmbeddingLike.map_eq_one_iff]
-  rw [ofList_empty]
-  exact map_one (sumFiber f)
-
-lemma ofListLift_empty_smul (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (x : ℂ) :
-    ofListLift f [] x = x • 1 := by
-  simp only [ofListLift, EmbeddingLike.map_eq_one_iff]
-  rw [ofList_eq_smul_one]
-  rw [ofList_empty]
-  simp
-
-lemma ofListLift_cons (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (i : 𝓕) (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    ofListLift f (i :: r) x = (∑ j : f i, FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨i, j⟩) * (ofListLift f r x) := by
-  rw [ofListLift, ofList_cons_eq_ofList, ofList_singleton, map_mul]
-  conv_lhs => lhs; rw [sumFiber]
-  rw [ofListLift]
-  simp
-
-lemma ofListLift_singleton (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (i : 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    ofListLift f [i] x = ∑ j : f i, x • FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨i, j⟩ := by
-  simp only [ofListLift]
-  rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, ofList_singleton, map_smul]
-  rw [sumFiber_ι]
-  rw [Finset.smul_sum]
-
-lemma ofListLift_singleton_one (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (i : 𝓕) :
-    ofListLift f [i] 1 = ∑ j : f i, FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨i, j⟩ := by
-  simp only [ofListLift]
-  rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, ofList_singleton, map_smul]
-  rw [sumFiber_ι]
-  rw [Finset.smul_sum]
-  simp
-
-lemma ofListLift_cons_eq_ofListLift (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (i : 𝓕)
-    (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    ofListLift f (i :: r) x = ofListLift f [i] 1 * ofListLift f r x := by
-  rw [ofListLift_cons, ofListLift_singleton]
-  simp only [one_smul]
-
-lemma ofListLift_expand (f : 𝓕 → Type) [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (x : ℂ) :
-    (l : List 𝓕) → ofListLift f l x = ∑ (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f l), ofList a.toList x
-  | [] => by
-    simp only [ofListLift, CreateAnnihilateSect, List.length_nil, List.get_eq_getElem,
-      Finset.univ_unique, CreateAnnihilateSect.toList, Finset.sum_const, Finset.card_singleton,
-      one_smul]
-    rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, map_smul, ofList_empty, ofList_eq_smul_one, ofList_empty, map_one]
-  | i :: l => by
-    rw [ofListLift_cons, ofListLift_expand f x l]
-    conv_rhs => rw [← (CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv
-        ⟨0, by exact Nat.zero_lt_succ l.length⟩).symm.sum_comp (α := FreeAlgebra ℂ _)]
-    erw [Finset.sum_product]
-    rw [Finset.sum_mul]
-    conv_lhs =>
-      rhs
-      intro n
-      rw [Finset.mul_sum]
-    congr
-    funext j
-    congr
-    funext n
-    rw [← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_pair, one_mul]
-    rfl
-
-lemma koszulOrder_ofListLift {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-    koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) (fun i j => le i.1 j.1) (ofListLift f l x) =
-    sumFiber f (koszulOrder q le (ofList l x)) := by
-  rw [koszulOrder_ofList]
-  rw [map_smul]
-  change _ = _ • ofListLift _ _ _
-  rw [ofListLift_expand]
-  rw [map_sum]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    intro a
-    rw [koszulOrder_ofList]
-    rw [CreateAnnihilateSect.toList_koszulSign]
-  rw [← Finset.smul_sum]
-  apply congrArg
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    intro n
-    rw [← CreateAnnihilateSect.sort_toList]
-  rw [ofListLift_expand]
-  refine Fintype.sum_equiv
-    ((HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv le l).piCongr fun i => Equiv.cast ?_) _ _ ?_
-  congr 1
-  · rw [← HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv_get]
-    simp
-  · intro x
-    rfl
-
-lemma koszulOrder_ofListLift_eq_ofListLift {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (l : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) : koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) (fun i j => le i.1 j.1)
-    (ofListLift f l x) =
-    koszulSign q le l • ofListLift f (List.insertionSort le l) x := by
-  rw [koszulOrder_ofListLift, koszulOrder_ofList, map_smul]
-  rfl
-
-end
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/OperatorMap.lean

@@ -1,349 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.SuperCommute
-/-!
-
-# Operator map
-
--/
-namespace Wick
-
-noncomputable section
-
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type}
-
-/-- A map from the free algebra of fields `FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕` to an algebra `A`, to be
-  thought of as the operator algebra is said to be an operator map if
-  all super commutors of fields land in the center of `A`,
-  if two fields are of a different grade then their super commutor lands on zero,
-  and the `koszulOrder` (normal order) of any term with a super commutor of two fields present
-  is zero.
-  This can be thought as as a condition on the operator algebra `A` as much as it can
-  on `F`. -/
-class OperatorMap {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop)
-    [DecidableRel le] (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] A) : Prop where
-  superCommute_mem_center : ∀ i j, F (superCommute q (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j)) ∈
-    Subalgebra.center ℂ A
-  superCommute_diff_grade_zero : ∀ i j, q i ≠ q j →
-    F (superCommute q (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j)) = 0
-  superCommute_ordered_zero : ∀ i j, ∀ a b,
-    F (koszulOrder q le (a * superCommute q (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j) * b)) = 0
-
-namespace OperatorMap
-
-variable {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-  {q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic} {le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop}
-  [DecidableRel le] (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] A)
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_singleton_ι_center [OperatorMap q le F] (i j : 𝓕) :
-    F (superCommute q (ofList [i] xa) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j)) ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ A := by
-  have h1 : F (superCommute q (ofList [i] xa) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j)) =
-      xa • F (superCommute q (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j)) := by
-    rw [← map_smul]
-    congr
-    rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, ofList_singleton]
-    rw [map_smul]
-    rfl
-  rw [h1]
-  refine Subalgebra.smul_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ A) ?_ xa
-  exact superCommute_mem_center (le := le) i j
-
-end OperatorMap
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le : 𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-
-lemma superCommuteSplit_operatorMap (lb : List 𝓕) (xa xb : ℂ) (n : ℕ)
-    (hn : n < lb.length) {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A] (f : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] A)
-    [OperatorMap q le f] (i : 𝓕) :
-    f (superCommuteSplit q [i] lb xa xb n hn) =
-    f (superCommute q (ofList [i] xa) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (lb.get ⟨n, hn⟩)))
-    * (superCommuteCoef q [i] (List.take n lb) •
-    f (ofList (List.eraseIdx lb n) xb)) := by
-  have hn : f ((superCommute q) (ofList [i] xa) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (lb.get ⟨n, hn⟩))) ∈
-      Subalgebra.center ℂ A :=
-    OperatorMap.superCommute_ofList_singleton_ι_center (le := le) f i (lb.get ⟨n, hn⟩)
-  rw [Subalgebra.mem_center_iff] at hn
-  rw [superCommuteSplit, map_mul, map_mul, map_smul, hn, mul_assoc, smul_mul_assoc,
-    ← map_mul, ← ofList_pair]
-  congr
-  · exact Eq.symm (List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ lb n)
-  · exact one_mul xb
-
-lemma superCommuteLiftSplit_operatorMap {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (c : (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) (n : ℕ)
-    (hn : n < r.length)
-    (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A] (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ[ℂ] A)
-    [OperatorMap (fun i => q i.1) le F] :
-    F (superCommuteLiftSplit q [c] r x y n hn) = superCommuteLiftCoef q [c] (List.take n r) •
-    (F (superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList [c] x)
-    (sumFiber f (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (r.get ⟨n, hn⟩))))
-    * F (ofListLift f (List.eraseIdx r n) y)) := by
-  rw [superCommuteLiftSplit]
-  rw [map_smul]
-  congr
-  rw [map_mul, map_mul]
-  have h1 : F ((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList [c] x) ((sumFiber f)
-    (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (r.get ⟨n, hn⟩)))) ∈ Subalgebra.center ℂ A := by
-      rw [sumFiber_ι]
-      rw [map_sum, map_sum]
-      refine Subalgebra.sum_mem _ ?_
-      intro n
-      exact fun a => OperatorMap.superCommute_ofList_singleton_ι_center (le := le) F c _
-  rw [Subalgebra.mem_center_iff] at h1
-  rw [h1, mul_assoc, ← map_mul]
-  congr
-  rw [ofListLift, ofListLift, ofListLift, ← map_mul]
-  congr
-  rw [← ofList_pair, one_mul]
-  congr
-  exact Eq.symm (List.eraseIdx_eq_take_drop_succ r n)
-
-lemma superCommute_koszulOrder_le_ofList [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ)
-    (i : 𝓕) {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ A) [OperatorMap q le F] :
-    F ((superCommute q (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) (koszulOrder q le (ofList r x)))) =
-    ∑ n : Fin r.length, (superCommuteCoef q [r.get n] (r.take n)) •
-    (F (((superCommute q) (ofList [i] 1)) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (r.get n))) *
-    F ((koszulOrder q le) (ofList (r.eraseIdx ↑n) x))) := by
-  rw [koszulOrder_ofList, map_smul, map_smul, ← ofList_singleton, superCommute_ofList_sum]
-  rw [map_sum, ← (HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv le r).sum_comp]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 2]
-    intro n
-    rw [superCommuteSplit_operatorMap (le := le)]
-    enter [1, 2, 2, 2]
-    change ((List.insertionSort le r).get ∘ (HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv le r)) n
-    rw [HepLean.List.insertionSort_get_comp_insertionSortEquiv]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 2]
-    intro n
-    rw [HepLean.List.eraseIdx_insertionSort_fin le r n]
-    rw [ofList_insertionSort_eq_koszulOrder q le]
-  rw [Finset.smul_sum]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    intro n
-    rw [map_smul, smul_smul, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, smul_smul]
-  congr
-  funext n
-  by_cases hq : q i ≠ q (r.get n)
-  · have hn := OperatorMap.superCommute_diff_grade_zero (q := q) (F := F) le i (r.get n) hq
-    conv_lhs =>
-      enter [2, 1]
-      rw [ofList_singleton, hn]
-    conv_rhs =>
-      enter [2, 1]
-      rw [ofList_singleton, hn]
-    simp
-  · congr 1
-    trans staticWickCoef q le r i n
-    · rw [staticWickCoef, mul_assoc]
-    refine staticWickCoef_eq_get q le r i n ?_
-    simpa using hq
-
-lemma koszulOrder_of_le_all_ofList (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ) (i : 𝓕)
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ A) [OperatorMap q le F] :
-    F (koszulOrder q le (ofList r x * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i))
-    = superCommuteCoef q [i] r • F (koszulOrder q le (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * ofList r x)) := by
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 2]
-    rw [← ofList_singleton]
-    rw [ofListLift_ofList_superCommute' q]
-  rw [map_sub]
-  rw [sub_eq_add_neg]
-  rw [map_add]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 2]
-    rw [map_smul]
-    rw [← neg_smul]
-  rw [map_smul, map_smul, map_smul]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    rhs
-    rw [superCommute_ofList_sum]
-    rw [map_sum, map_sum]
-    dsimp [superCommuteSplit]
-    rw [ofList_singleton]
-    rhs
-    intro n
-    rw [Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
-    rw [map_smul, map_smul]
-    rw [OperatorMap.superCommute_ordered_zero]
-  simp only [smul_zero, Finset.sum_const_zero, add_zero]
-  rw [ofList_singleton]
-
-lemma le_all_mul_koszulOrder_ofList (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ)
-    (i : 𝓕) (hi : ∀ (j : 𝓕), le j i)
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ A) [OperatorMap q le F] :
-    F (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * koszulOrder q le (ofList r x)) =
-    F ((koszulOrder q le) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * ofList r x)) +
-    F (((superCommute q) (ofList [i] 1)) ((koszulOrder q le) (ofList r x))) := by
-  rw [koszulOrder_ofList, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, map_smul, ← ofList_singleton,
-    ofList_ofList_superCommute q, map_add, smul_add, ← map_smul]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [1, 2]
-    rw [← Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_smul, mul_comm, ← smul_smul, ← koszulOrder_ofList,
-      Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, ofList_singleton]
-  rw [koszulOrder_mul_ge, map_smul]
-  congr
-  · rw [koszulOrder_of_le_all_ofList]
-    rw [superCommuteCoef_perm_snd q [i] (List.insertionSort le r) r
-      (List.perm_insertionSort le r)]
-    rw [smul_smul]
-    rw [superCommuteCoef_mul_self]
-    simp [ofList_singleton]
-  · rw [map_smul, map_smul]
-  · exact fun j => hi j
-
-/-- In the expansions of `F (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * koszulOrder q le (ofList r x))`
-  the ter multiplying `F ((koszulOrder q le) (ofList (optionEraseZ r i n) x))`. -/
-def superCommuteCenterOrder (r : List 𝓕) (i : 𝓕)
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] A)
-    (n : Option (Fin r.length)) : A :=
-  match n with
-  | none => 1
-  | some n => superCommuteCoef q [r.get n] (r.take n) • F (((superCommute q) (ofList [i] 1))
-    (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (r.get n)))
-
-@[simp]
-lemma superCommuteCenterOrder_none (r : List 𝓕) (i : 𝓕)
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] A) :
-    superCommuteCenterOrder q r i F none = 1 := by
-  simp [superCommuteCenterOrder]
-
-open HepLean.List
-
-lemma le_all_mul_koszulOrder_ofList_expand [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ)
-    (i : 𝓕) (hi : ∀ (j : 𝓕), le j i)
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₐ[ℂ] A) [OperatorMap q le F] :
-    F (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * koszulOrder q le (ofList r x)) =
-    ∑ n, superCommuteCenterOrder q r i F n *
-    F ((koszulOrder q le) (ofList (optionEraseZ r i n) x)) := by
-  rw [le_all_mul_koszulOrder_ofList]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    rw [ofList_singleton]
-  rw [superCommute_koszulOrder_le_ofList]
-  simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, Fintype.sum_option, superCommuteCenterOrder_none, one_mul]
-  congr
-  · rw [← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_pair]
-    simp only [List.singleton_append, one_mul]
-    rfl
-  · funext n
-    simp only [superCommuteCenterOrder, List.get_eq_getElem, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
-    rfl
-  exact fun j => hi j
-
-lemma le_all_mul_koszulOrder_ofListLift_expand {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)]
-    (r : List 𝓕) (x : ℂ)
-    (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-    [IsTotal (Σ i, f i) le] [IsTrans (Σ i, f i) le]
-    (i : (Σ i, f i)) (hi : ∀ (j : (Σ i, f i)), le j i)
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ A) [OperatorMap (fun i => q i.1) le F] :
-    F (ofList [i] 1 * koszulOrder (fun i => q i.1) le (ofListLift f r x)) =
-    F ((koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) le) (ofList [i] 1 * ofListLift f r x)) +
-    ∑ n : (Fin r.length), superCommuteCoef q [r.get n] (List.take (↑n) r) •
-      F (((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList [i] 1)) (ofListLift f [r.get n] 1)) *
-    F ((koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) le) (ofListLift f (r.eraseIdx ↑n) x)) := by
-  match r with
-  | [] =>
-    simp only [map_mul, List.length_nil, Finset.univ_eq_empty, List.get_eq_getElem, List.take_nil,
-      List.eraseIdx_nil, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, Finset.sum_empty, add_zero]
-    rw [ofListLift_empty_smul]
-    simp only [map_smul, koszulOrder_one, map_one, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, mul_one]
-    rw [ofList_singleton, koszulOrder_ι]
-  | r0 :: r =>
-  rw [ofListLift_expand, map_sum, Finset.mul_sum, map_sum]
-  let e1 (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f (r0 :: r)) :
-        Option (Fin a.toList.length) ≃ Option (Fin (r0 :: r).length) :=
-      Equiv.optionCongr (Fin.castOrderIso (CreateAnnihilateSect.toList_length a)).toEquiv
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    intro a
-    rw [ofList_singleton, le_all_mul_koszulOrder_ofList_expand _ _ _ _ _ hi]
-    rw [← (e1 a).symm.sum_comp]
-    rhs
-    intro n
-  rw [Finset.sum_comm]
-  simp only [Fintype.sum_option]
-  congr 1
-  · simp only [List.length_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, superCommuteCenterOrder,
-    Equiv.optionCongr_symm, OrderIso.toEquiv_symm, Fin.symm_castOrderIso, Equiv.optionCongr_apply,
-    RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Option.map_none', optionEraseZ, one_mul, e1]
-    rw [← map_sum, Finset.mul_sum, ← map_sum]
-    apply congrArg
-    apply congrArg
-    congr
-    funext x
-    rw [ofList_cons_eq_ofList]
-  · congr
-    funext n
-    rw [← (CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv n).symm.sum_comp]
-    simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, Equiv.optionCongr_symm, OrderIso.toEquiv_symm,
-      Fin.symm_castOrderIso, Equiv.optionCongr_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Option.map_some',
-      Fin.castOrderIso_apply, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, e1]
-    erw [Finset.sum_product]
-    have h1 (a0 : f (r0 :: r)[↑n]) (a : CreateAnnihilateSect f ((r0 :: r).eraseIdx ↑n)) :
-      superCommuteCenterOrder (fun i => q i.fst)
-        ((CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv n).symm (a0, a)).toList i F
-      (some (Fin.cast (by simp) n)) =
-      superCommuteCoef q [(r0 :: r).get n] (List.take (↑n) (r0 :: r)) •
-      F (((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList [i] 1))
-      (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨(r0 :: r).get n, a0⟩)) := by
-      simp only [superCommuteCenterOrder, List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, Fin.coe_cast]
-      erw [CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv_symm_toList_get_same]
-      have hsc : superCommuteCoef (fun i => q i.fst) [⟨(r0 :: r).get n, a0⟩]
-        (List.take (↑n) ((CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv n).symm (a0, a)).toList) =
-        superCommuteCoef q [(r0 :: r).get n] (List.take (↑n) ((r0 :: r))) := by
-        simp only [superCommuteCoef, List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, Fin.isValue,
-          CreateAnnihilateSect.toList_grade_take]
-        rfl
-      erw [hsc]
-      rfl
-    conv_lhs =>
-      rhs
-      intro a0
-      rhs
-      intro a
-      erw [h1]
-    conv_lhs =>
-      rhs
-      intro a0
-      rw [← Finset.mul_sum]
-    conv_lhs =>
-      rhs
-      intro a0
-      enter [2, 2]
-      intro a
-      simp [optionEraseZ]
-      enter [2, 2, 1]
-      rw [← CreateAnnihilateSect.eraseIdx_toList]
-      erw [CreateAnnihilateSect.extractEquiv_symm_eraseIdx]
-    rw [← Finset.sum_mul]
-    conv_lhs =>
-      lhs
-      rw [← Finset.smul_sum]
-      erw [← map_sum, ← map_sum, ← ofListLift_singleton_one]
-    conv_lhs =>
-      rhs
-      rw [← map_sum, ← map_sum]
-      simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, Equiv.symm_apply_apply,
-        Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
-      erw [← ofListLift_expand]
-    simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, List.length_cons, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
-
-end
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/Signs/InsertSign.lean

@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.Mathematics.List
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.SuperCommuteCoef
-/-!
-
-# Insert sign
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-open HepLean.List
-open FieldStatistic
-
-section
-/-!
-
-## Basic properties of lists
-
-To be replaced with Mathlib or Lean definitions when/where appropriate.
--/
-
-lemma take_insert_same {I : Type} (i : I) :
-    (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) →
-    List.take n (List.insertIdx n i r) = List.take n r
-  | 0, _ => by simp
-  | _+1, [] => by simp
-  | n+1, a::as => by
-    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-    exact take_insert_same i n as
-
-lemma take_eraseIdx_same {I : Type} :
-    (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) →
-    List.take n (List.eraseIdx r n) = List.take n r
-  | 0, _ => by simp
-  | _+1, [] => by simp
-  | n+1, a::as => by
-    simp only [List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.take_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-    exact take_eraseIdx_same n as
-
-lemma take_insert_gt {I : Type} (i : I) :
-    (n m : ℕ) → (h : n < m) → (r : List I) →
-    List.take n (List.insertIdx m i r) = List.take n r
-  | 0, 0, _, _ => by simp
-  | 0, m + 1, _, _ => by simp
-  | n+1, m + 1, _, [] => by simp
-  | n+1, m + 1, h, a::as => by
-    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-    refine take_insert_gt i n m (Nat.succ_lt_succ_iff.mp h) as
-
-lemma take_insert_let {I : Type} (i : I) :
-    (n m : ℕ) → (h : m ≤ n) → (r : List I) → (hm : m ≤ r.length) →
-    (List.take (n + 1) (List.insertIdx m i r)).Perm (i :: List.take n r)
-  | 0, 0, h, _, _ => by simp
-  | m + 1, 0, h, r, _ => by simp
-  | n + 1, m + 1, h, [], hm => by
-    simp at hm
-  | n + 1, m + 1, h, a::as, hm => by
-    simp only [List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.take_succ_cons]
-    have hp : (i :: a :: List.take n as).Perm (a :: i :: List.take n as) := by
-      exact List.Perm.swap a i (List.take n as)
-    refine List.Perm.trans ?_ hp.symm
-    refine List.Perm.cons a ?_
-    exact take_insert_let i n m (Nat.le_of_succ_le_succ h) as (Nat.le_of_succ_le_succ hm)
-
-end
-
-/-!
-
-## Insert sign
-
--/
-
-section InsertSign
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-
-/-- The sign associated with inserting a field `φ` into a list of fields `φs` at
-  the `n`th position. -/
-def insertSign (n : ℕ) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) : ℂ :=
-  superCommuteCoef q [φ] (List.take n φs)
-
-/-- If `φ` is bosonic, there is no sign associated with inserting it into a list of fields. -/
-lemma insertSign_bosonic (n : ℕ) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hφ : q φ = bosonic) :
-    insertSign q n φ φs = 1 := by
-  simp only [insertSign, superCommuteCoef, ofList_singleton, hφ, reduceCtorEq, false_and,
-    ↓reduceIte]
-
-lemma insertSign_insert (n : ℕ) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
-    insertSign q n φ φs = insertSign q n φ (List.insertIdx n φ φs) := by
-  simp only [insertSign]
-  congr 1
-  rw [take_insert_same]
-
-lemma insertSign_eraseIdx (n : ℕ) (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) :
-    insertSign q n φ (φs.eraseIdx n) = insertSign q n φ φs := by
-  simp only [insertSign]
-  congr 1
-  rw [take_eraseIdx_same]
-
-lemma insertSign_zero (φ : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) : insertSign q 0 φ φs = 1 := by
-  simp [insertSign, superCommuteCoef]
-
-lemma insertSign_succ_cons (n : ℕ) (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) : insertSign q (n + 1) φ0 (φ1 :: φs) =
-    superCommuteCoef q [φ0] [φ1] * insertSign q n φ0 φs := by
-  simp only [insertSign, List.take_succ_cons]
-  rw [superCommuteCoef_cons]
-
-lemma insertSign_insert_gt (n m : ℕ) (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hn : n < m) :
-    insertSign q n φ0 (List.insertIdx m φ1 φs) = insertSign q n φ0 φs := by
-  rw [insertSign, insertSign]
-  congr 1
-  exact take_insert_gt φ1 n m hn φs
-
-lemma insertSign_insert_lt_eq_insertSort (n m : ℕ) (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hn : m ≤ n)
-    (hm : m ≤ φs.length) :
-    insertSign q (n + 1) φ0 (List.insertIdx m φ1 φs) = insertSign q (n + 1) φ0 (φ1 :: φs) := by
-  rw [insertSign, insertSign]
-  apply superCommuteCoef_perm_snd
-  simp only [List.take_succ_cons]
-  refine take_insert_let φ1 n m hn φs hm
-
-lemma insertSign_insert_lt (n m : ℕ) (φ0 φ1 : 𝓕) (φs : List 𝓕) (hn : m ≤ n) (hm : m ≤ φs.length) :
-    insertSign q (n + 1) φ0 (List.insertIdx m φ1 φs) = superCommuteCoef q [φ0] [φ1] *
-    insertSign q n φ0 φs := by
-  rw [insertSign_insert_lt_eq_insertSort, insertSign_succ_cons]
-  · exact hn
-  · exact hm
-
-end InsertSign
-
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/Signs/StaticWickCoef.lean

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Signs.KoszulSign
-/-!
-
-# Static wick coefficient
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-
-open HepLean.List
-
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic) (le :𝓕 → 𝓕 → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-
-/-- The sign that appears in the static version of Wicks theorem.
-  This is actually equal to `superCommuteCoef q [r.get n] (r.take n)`, something
-  which will be proved in a lemma. -/
-def staticWickCoef (r : List 𝓕) (i : 𝓕) (n : Fin r.length) : ℂ :=
-  koszulSign q le r *
-  superCommuteCoef q [i] (List.take (↑((HepLean.List.insertionSortEquiv le r) n))
-    (List.insertionSort le r)) *
-  koszulSign q le (r.eraseIdx ↑n)
-
-lemma staticWickCoef_eq_q (r : List 𝓕) (i : 𝓕) (n : Fin r.length)
-    (hq : q i = q (r.get n)) :
-    staticWickCoef q le r i n =
-    koszulSign q le r *
-    superCommuteCoef q [r.get n] (List.take (↑(insertionSortEquiv le r n))
-      (List.insertionSort le r)) *
-    koszulSign q le (r.eraseIdx ↑n) := by
-  simp [staticWickCoef, superCommuteCoef, ofList, hq]
-
-lemma insertIdx_eraseIdx {I : Type} : (n : ℕ) → (r : List I) → (hn : n < r.length) →
-    List.insertIdx n (r.get ⟨n, hn⟩) (r.eraseIdx n) = r
-  | n, [], hn => by
-    simp at hn
-  | 0, r0 :: r, hn => by
-    simp
-  | n + 1, r0 :: r, hn => by
-    simp only [List.length_cons, List.get_eq_getElem, List.getElem_cons_succ,
-      List.eraseIdx_cons_succ, List.insertIdx_succ_cons, List.cons.injEq, true_and]
-    exact insertIdx_eraseIdx n r _
-
-lemma staticWickCoef_eq_get [IsTotal 𝓕 le] [IsTrans 𝓕 le] (r : List 𝓕) (i : 𝓕) (n : Fin r.length)
-    (heq : q i = q (r.get n)) :
-    staticWickCoef q le r i n = superCommuteCoef q [r.get n] (r.take n) := by
-  rw [staticWickCoef_eq_q]
-  let r' := r.eraseIdx ↑n
-  have hr : List.insertIdx n (r.get n) (r.eraseIdx n) = r := by
-    exact insertIdx_eraseIdx n.1 r n.prop
-  conv_lhs =>
-    lhs
-    lhs
-    rw [← hr]
-    rw [koszulSign_insertIdx q le (r.get n) ((r.eraseIdx ↑n)) n (by
-      rw [List.length_eraseIdx]
-      simp only [Fin.is_lt, ↓reduceIte]
-      omega)]
-    rhs
-    rhs
-    rw [hr]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    lhs
-    lhs
-    rhs
-    enter [2, 1, 1]
-    rw [insertionSortEquiv_congr _ _ hr]
-  simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, Equiv.trans_apply, RelIso.coe_fn_toEquiv, Fin.castOrderIso_apply,
-    Fin.cast_mk, Fin.eta, Fin.coe_cast]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    lhs
-    rw [mul_assoc]
-    rhs
-    rw [insertSign]
-    rw [superCommuteCoef_mul_self]
-  simp only [mul_one]
-  rw [mul_assoc]
-  rw [koszulSign_mul_self]
-  simp only [mul_one]
-  rw [insertSign_eraseIdx]
-  rfl
-  exact heq
-
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/Signs/SuperCommuteCoef.lean

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldStatistics
-/-!
-
-# Super commutation coefficient.
-
-This is a complex number which is `-1` when commuting two fermionic operators and `1` otherwise.
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-
-/-- Given two lists `la` and `lb` returns `-1` if they are both of grade `1` and
-  `1` otherwise. This corresponds to the sign associated with the super commutator
-  when commuting `la` and `lb` in the free algebra.
-  In terms of physics it is `-1` if commuting two fermionic operators and `1` otherwise. -/
-def superCommuteCoef (la lb : List 𝓕) : ℂ :=
-  if FieldStatistic.ofList q la = fermionic ∧
-    FieldStatistic.ofList q lb = fermionic then - 1 else 1
-
-lemma superCommuteCoef_comm (la lb : List 𝓕) :
-    superCommuteCoef q la lb = superCommuteCoef q lb la := by
-  simp only [superCommuteCoef, Fin.isValue]
-  congr 1
-  exact Eq.propIntro (fun a => id (And.symm a)) fun a => id (And.symm a)
-
-/-- Given a list `l : List (Σ i, f i)` and a list `r : List I` returns `-1` if the
-  grade of `l` is `1` and the grade of `r` is `1` and `1` otherwise. This corresponds
-  to the sign associated with the super commutator when commuting
-  the lift of `l` and `r` (by summing over fibers) in the
-  free algebra over `Σ i, f i`.
-  In terms of physics it is `-1` if commuting two fermionic operators and `1` otherwise. -/
-def superCommuteLiftCoef {f : 𝓕 → Type} (φs : List (Σ i, f i)) (φs' : List 𝓕) : ℂ :=
-    (if FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.fst) φs = fermionic ∧
-      FieldStatistic.ofList q φs' = fermionic then -1 else 1)
-
-lemma superCommuteLiftCoef_empty {f : 𝓕 → Type} (φs : List (Σ i, f i)) :
-    superCommuteLiftCoef q φs [] = 1 := by
-  simp [superCommuteLiftCoef]
-
-lemma superCommuteCoef_perm_snd (la lb lb' : List 𝓕)
-    (h : lb.Perm lb') :
-    superCommuteCoef q la lb = superCommuteCoef q la lb' := by
-  rw [superCommuteCoef, superCommuteCoef, FieldStatistic.ofList_perm q h]
-
-lemma superCommuteCoef_mul_self (l lb : List 𝓕) :
-    superCommuteCoef q l lb * superCommuteCoef q l lb = 1 := by
-  simp only [superCommuteCoef, Fin.isValue, mul_ite, mul_neg, mul_one]
-  have ha (a b : FieldStatistic) : (if a = fermionic ∧ b = fermionic then
-      -if a = fermionic ∧ b = fermionic then -1 else 1
-    else if a = fermionic ∧ b = fermionic then -1 else 1) = (1 : ℂ) := by
-      fin_cases a <;> fin_cases b
-      any_goals rfl
-      simp
-  exact ha (FieldStatistic.ofList q l) (FieldStatistic.ofList q lb)
-
-lemma superCommuteCoef_empty (la : List 𝓕) :
-    superCommuteCoef q la [] = 1 := by
-  simp only [superCommuteCoef, ofList_empty, reduceCtorEq, and_false, ↓reduceIte]
-
-lemma superCommuteCoef_append (la lb lc : List 𝓕) :
-    superCommuteCoef q la (lb ++ lc) = superCommuteCoef q la lb * superCommuteCoef q la lc := by
-  simp only [superCommuteCoef, Fin.isValue, ofList_append, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one, imp_false,
-    mul_ite, mul_neg, mul_one]
-  by_cases hla : ofList q la = fermionic
-  · by_cases hlb : ofList q lb = fermionic
-    · by_cases hlc : ofList q lc = fermionic
-      · simp [hlc, hlb, hla]
-      · have hc : ofList q lc = bosonic := by
-          exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (ofList q lc)).mp hlc
-        simp [hc, hlb, hla]
-    · have hb : ofList q lb = bosonic := by
-        exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (ofList q lb)).mp hlb
-      by_cases hlc : ofList q lc = fermionic
-      · simp [hlc, hb]
-      · have hc : ofList q lc = bosonic := by
-          exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (ofList q lc)).mp hlc
-        simp [hc, hb]
-  · have ha : ofList q la = bosonic := by
-      exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (ofList q la)).mp hla
-    simp [ha]
-
-lemma superCommuteCoef_cons (i : 𝓕) (la lb : List 𝓕) :
-    superCommuteCoef q la (i :: lb) = superCommuteCoef q la [i] * superCommuteCoef q la lb := by
-  trans superCommuteCoef q la ([i] ++ lb)
-  simp only [List.singleton_append]
-  rw [superCommuteCoef_append]
-
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/StaticTheorem.lean

@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Contractions.Basic
-/-!
-
-# Static Wick's theorem
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-
-noncomputable section
-
-open HepLean.List
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-  (le : (Σ i, f i) → (Σ i, f i) → Prop) [DecidableRel le]
-
-lemma static_wick_nil {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A]
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ A)
-    (S : Contractions.Splitting f le) :
-    F (ofListLift f [] 1) = ∑ c : Contractions [],
-    c.toCenterTerm f q le F S *
-    F (koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) le (ofListLift f c.uncontracted 1)) := by
-  rw [← Contractions.nilEquiv.symm.sum_comp]
-  simp only [Finset.univ_unique, PUnit.default_eq_unit, Contractions.nilEquiv, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk,
-    Finset.sum_const, Finset.card_singleton, one_smul]
-  dsimp only [Contractions.toCenterTerm, Contractions.uncontracted]
-  simp [ofListLift_empty]
-
-lemma static_wick_cons [IsTrans ((i : 𝓕) × f i) le] [IsTotal ((i : 𝓕) × f i) le]
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A] (φs : List 𝓕) (φ : 𝓕)
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ A) [OperatorMap (fun i => q i.1) le F]
-    (S : Contractions.Splitting f le)
-    (ih : F (ofListLift f φs 1) =
-    ∑ c : Contractions φs, c.toCenterTerm f q le F S * F (koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) le
-      (ofListLift f c.uncontracted 1))) :
-    F (ofListLift f (φ :: φs) 1) = ∑ c : Contractions (φ :: φs),
-      c.toCenterTerm f q le F S *
-      F (koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) le (ofListLift f c.uncontracted 1)) := by
-  rw [ofListLift_cons_eq_ofListLift, map_mul, ih, Finset.mul_sum,
-    ← Contractions.consEquiv.symm.sum_comp]
-  erw [Finset.sum_sigma]
-  congr
-  funext c
-  have hb := S.h𝓑 φ
-  rw [← mul_assoc]
-  have hi := c.toCenterTerm_center f q le F S
-  rw [Subalgebra.mem_center_iff] at hi
-  rw [hi, mul_assoc, ← map_mul, hb, add_mul, map_add]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 1]
-    rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, ofList_singleton]
-  rw [mul_koszulOrder_le]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 1]
-    rw [← map_smul, ← Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
-    rw [← ofList_singleton, ← ofList_eq_smul_one]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 2]
-    rw [ofList_eq_smul_one, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_smul]
-  rw [le_all_mul_koszulOrder_ofListLift_expand]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    enter [2, 2]
-    rw [smul_add, Finset.smul_sum]
-    rw [← map_smul, ← map_smul, ← Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, ← ofList_eq_smul_one]
-    enter [2, 2]
-    intro n
-    rw [← Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_comm, ← map_smul, ← LinearMap.map_smul₂,
-      ← ofList_eq_smul_one]
-  rw [← add_assoc, ← map_add, ← map_add, ← add_mul, ← hb, ← ofListLift_cons_eq_ofListLift, mul_add]
-  rw [Fintype.sum_option]
-  congr 1
-  rw [Finset.mul_sum]
-  congr
-  funext n
-  rw [← mul_assoc]
-  rfl
-  exact S.h𝓑p φ
-  exact S.h𝓑n φ
-
-theorem static_wick_theorem [IsTrans ((i : 𝓕) × f i) le] [IsTotal ((i : 𝓕) × f i) le]
-    {A : Type} [Semiring A] [Algebra ℂ A] (φs : List 𝓕)
-    (F : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) →ₐ A) [OperatorMap (fun i => q i.1) le F]
-    (S : Contractions.Splitting f le) :
-    F (ofListLift f φs 1) = ∑ c : Contractions φs, c.toCenterTerm f q le F S *
-    F (koszulOrder (fun i => q i.fst) le (ofListLift f c.uncontracted 1)) := by
-  induction φs with
-  | nil => exact static_wick_nil q le F S
-  | cons a r ih => exact static_wick_cons q le r a F S ih
-
-end
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/SuperCommute.lean

@@ -1,478 +0,0 @@
-/-
-Copyright (c) 2024 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
-Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
-Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
--/
-import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.OfList
-/-!
-
-# Koszul signs and ordering for lists and algebras
-
--/
-
-namespace Wick
-
-noncomputable section
-open FieldStatistic
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-
-/-- Given a grading `q : I → Fin 2` and a list `l : List I` the super-commutor on the free algebra
-  `FreeAlgebra ℂ I` corresponding to commuting with `l`
-  as a linear map from `MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid I)` (the module of lists in `I`)
-  to itself. -/
-def superCommuteMonoidAlgebra (l : List 𝓕) :
-    MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) →ₗ[ℂ] MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) :=
-  Finsupp.lift (MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕)) ℂ (List 𝓕)
-    (fun r =>
-      Finsupp.lsingle (R := ℂ) (l ++ r) 1 +
-      if FieldStatistic.ofList q l = fermionic ∧ FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic then
-        Finsupp.lsingle (R := ℂ) (r ++ l) 1
-      else
-        - Finsupp.lsingle (R := ℂ) (r ++ l) 1)
-
-/-- Given a grading `q : I → Fin 2` the super-commutor on the free algebra `FreeAlgebra ℂ I`
-  as a linear map from `MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid I)` (the module of lists in `I`)
-  to `FreeAlgebra ℂ I →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ I`. -/
-def superCommuteAlgebra :
-    MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 :=
-  Finsupp.lift (FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) ℂ (List 𝓕) fun l =>
-    (FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm.toAlgHom.toLinearMap
-    ∘ₗ superCommuteMonoidAlgebra q l
-    ∘ₗ FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toAlgHom.toLinearMap)
-
-/-- Given a grading `q : I → Fin 2` the super-commutor on the free algebra `FreeAlgebra ℂ I`
-  as a bi-linear map. -/
-def superCommute :
-    FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 :=
-  superCommuteAlgebra q
-  ∘ₗ FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toAlgHom.toLinearMap
-
-lemma equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid_freeAlgebra {I : Type} (i : I) :
-    (FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i)) =
-    Finsupp.single (FreeMonoid.of i) 1 := by
-  simp [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.single]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma superCommute_ι (i j : 𝓕) :
-    superCommute q (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j) =
-    FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j +
-    if q i = fermionic ∧ q j = fermionic then
-      FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i
-    else
-      - FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ j * FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ i := by
-  simp only [superCommute, superCommuteAlgebra, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_eq_coe,
-    AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_toLinearMap, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid_freeAlgebra, Fin.isValue, neg_mul]
-  erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [superCommuteMonoidAlgebra, Finsupp.lsingle_apply, Fin.isValue, ofList_freeMonoid,
-    zero_smul, Finsupp.sum_single_index, one_smul, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid_freeAlgebra]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid, MonoidAlgebra.of_apply, Fin.isValue,
-    smul_add, MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', mul_one, smul_ite, smul_neg, Finsupp.sum_add,
-    Finsupp.single_zero, Finsupp.sum_single_index, ofList_freeMonoid, neg_zero, ite_self,
-    AlgEquiv.ofAlgHom_symm_apply, map_add, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-  congr
-  by_cases hq : q i = fermionic ∧ q j = fermionic
-  · rw [if_pos hq, if_pos hq]
-    simp only [MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul]
-    obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := hq
-    rfl
-  · rw [if_neg hq, if_neg hq]
-    simp only [map_neg, MonoidAlgebra.lift_single, one_smul, neg_inj]
-    rfl
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_ofList (l r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    superCommute q (ofList l x) (ofList r y) =
-    ofList (l ++ r) (x * y) + (if FieldStatistic.ofList q l = fermionic ∧
-      FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic then
-    ofList (r ++ l) (y * x) else - ofList (r ++ l) (y * x)) := by
-  simp only [superCommute, superCommuteAlgebra, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_eq_coe,
-    AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_toLinearMap, ofList, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, Fin.isValue]
-  erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [superCommuteMonoidAlgebra, Finsupp.lsingle_apply, Fin.isValue, zero_smul,
-    Finsupp.sum_single_index, LinearMap.smul_apply, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-    AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    rhs
-    erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-  simp only [Fin.isValue, smul_add, MonoidAlgebra.smul_single', mul_one, smul_ite, smul_neg,
-    Finsupp.sum_add, Finsupp.single_zero, Finsupp.sum_single_index, neg_zero, ite_self, map_add]
-  by_cases hg : FieldStatistic.ofList q l = fermionic ∧ FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic
-  · simp only [hg, and_self, ↓reduceIte]
-    congr
-    · rw [← map_smul]
-      congr
-      exact MonoidAlgebra.smul_single' x (l ++ r) y
-    · rw [← map_smul]
-      congr
-      rw [mul_comm]
-      exact MonoidAlgebra.smul_single' x (r ++ l) y
-  · simp only [Fin.isValue, hg, ↓reduceIte, map_neg, smul_neg]
-    congr
-    · rw [← map_smul]
-      congr
-      exact MonoidAlgebra.smul_single' x (l ++ r) y
-    · rw [← map_smul]
-      congr
-      rw [mul_comm]
-      exact MonoidAlgebra.smul_single' x (r ++ l) y
-
-@[simp]
-lemma superCommute_zero (a : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) :
-    superCommute q a 0 = 0 := by
-  simp [superCommute]
-
-@[simp]
-lemma superCommute_one (a : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) :
-    superCommute q a 1 = 0 := by
-  let f : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 →ₗ[ℂ] FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 := (LinearMap.flip (superCommute q)) 1
-  have h1 : FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single [] 1) =
-      (1 : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) := by
-    simp_all only [EmbeddingLike.map_eq_one_iff]
-    rfl
-  have f_single (l : FreeMonoid 𝓕) (x : ℂ) :
-      f ((FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.symm (MonoidAlgebra.single l x)))
-      = 0 := by
-    simp only [superCommute, superCommuteAlgebra, AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_eq_coe,
-      AlgEquiv.toAlgHom_toLinearMap, LinearMap.flip_apply, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-      AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, f]
-    rw [← h1]
-    erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-    simp only [superCommuteMonoidAlgebra, Finsupp.lsingle_apply, Fin.isValue, zero_smul,
-      Finsupp.sum_single_index, LinearMap.smul_apply, LinearMap.coe_comp, Function.comp_apply,
-      AlgEquiv.toLinearMap_apply, AlgEquiv.apply_symm_apply, smul_eq_zero,
-      EmbeddingLike.map_eq_zero_iff]
-    apply Or.inr
-    conv_lhs =>
-      erw [Finsupp.lift_apply]
-    simp
-  have hf : f = 0 := by
-    let e : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 ≃ₗ[ℂ] MonoidAlgebra ℂ (FreeMonoid 𝓕) :=
-      FreeAlgebra.equivMonoidAlgebraFreeMonoid.toLinearEquiv
-    apply (LinearEquiv.eq_comp_toLinearMap_iff (e₁₂ := e.symm) _ _).mp
-    apply MonoidAlgebra.lhom_ext'
-    intro l
-    apply LinearMap.ext
-    intro x
-    simp only [LinearMap.coe_comp, LinearEquiv.coe_coe, Function.comp_apply,
-      MonoidAlgebra.lsingle_apply, LinearMap.zero_comp, LinearMap.zero_apply]
-    erw [f_single]
-  change f a = _
-  rw [hf]
-  simp
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_mul (la lb lc : List 𝓕) (xa xb xc : ℂ) :
-    superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb * ofList lc xc) =
-    (superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb) * ofList lc xc +
-    superCommuteCoef q la lb • ofList lb xb * superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lc xc)) := by
-  simp only [Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
-  conv_lhs => rw [← ofList_pair]
-  simp only [superCommute_ofList_ofList, Fin.isValue, ofList_append, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one,
-    imp_false]
-  simp only [superCommute_ofList_ofList, Fin.isValue, ofList_append, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one,
-    imp_false, ofList_triple_assoc, ofList_triple, ofList_pair, superCommuteCoef]
-  by_cases hla : FieldStatistic.ofList q la = fermionic
-  · simp only [hla, Fin.isValue, true_and, ite_not, ite_smul, neg_smul, one_smul]
-    by_cases hlb : FieldStatistic.ofList q lb = fermionic
-    · simp only [hlb, Fin.isValue, ↓reduceIte]
-      by_cases hlc : FieldStatistic.ofList q lc = fermionic
-      · simp only [hlc, reduceCtorEq, imp_false, not_true_eq_false, ↓reduceIte]
-        simp only [mul_assoc, add_mul, mul_add]
-        abel
-      · have hc : FieldStatistic.ofList q lc = bosonic := by
-          exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList q lc)).mp hlc
-        simp only [hc, fermionic_not_eq_bonsic, reduceCtorEq, imp_self, ↓reduceIte]
-        simp only [mul_assoc, add_mul, mul_add, mul_neg, neg_add_rev, neg_neg]
-        abel
-    · have hb : FieldStatistic.ofList q lb = bosonic := by
-        exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList q lb)).mp hlb
-      simp only [hb, Fin.isValue, zero_ne_one, ↓reduceIte]
-      by_cases hlc : FieldStatistic.ofList q lc = fermionic
-      · simp only [hlc, reduceCtorEq, imp_self, ↓reduceIte]
-        simp only [mul_assoc, add_mul, neg_mul, mul_add]
-        abel
-      · have hc : FieldStatistic.ofList q lc = bosonic := by
-          exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList q lc)).mp hlc
-        simp only [hc, reduceCtorEq, imp_false, not_true_eq_false, ↓reduceIte]
-        simp only [mul_assoc, add_mul, neg_mul, mul_add, mul_neg]
-        abel
-  · simp only [Fin.isValue, hla, false_and, ↓reduceIte, mul_assoc, add_mul, neg_mul, mul_add,
-    mul_neg, smul_add, one_smul, smul_neg]
-    abel
-
-/-- Given two lists `la lb : List I`, in the expansion of the supercommutor of `la` and `lb`
-  via elements of `lb`the term associated with the `n`th element.
-  E.g. in the commutator
-  `[a, bc] = [a, b] c + b [a, c] ` the `superCommuteSplit` for `n=0` is `[a, b] c`
-  and for `n=1` is `b [a, c]`. -/
-def superCommuteSplit (la lb : List 𝓕) (xa xb : ℂ) (n : ℕ)
-    (hn : n < lb.length) : FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕 :=
-  superCommuteCoef q la (List.take n lb) •
-  ofList (List.take n lb) 1 *
-  superCommute q (ofList la xa) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (lb.get ⟨n, hn⟩))
-  * ofList (List.drop (n + 1) lb) xb
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_cons (la lb : List 𝓕) (xa xb : ℂ) (b1 : 𝓕) :
-    superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList (b1 :: lb) xb) =
-    superCommute q (ofList la xa) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ b1) * ofList lb xb +
-    superCommuteCoef q la [b1] •
-    (ofList [b1] 1) * superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb) := by
-  rw [ofList_cons_eq_ofList]
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_mul]
-  congr
-  · exact ofList_singleton b1
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_sum (la lb : List 𝓕) (xa xb : ℂ) :
-    superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb) =
-    ∑ (n : Fin lb.length), superCommuteSplit q la lb xa xb n n.prop := by
-  induction lb with
-  | nil =>
-    simp only [superCommute_ofList_ofList, List.append_nil, FieldStatistic.ofList_empty,
-      reduceCtorEq, and_false, ↓reduceIte, List.nil_append, List.length_nil, Finset.univ_eq_empty,
-      Finset.sum_empty]
-    ring_nf
-    abel
-  | cons b lb ih =>
-    rw [superCommute_ofList_cons, ih]
-    have h0 : ((superCommute q) (ofList la xa)) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ b) * ofList lb xb =
-        superCommuteSplit q la (b :: lb) xa xb 0 (Nat.zero_lt_succ lb.length) := by
-      simp [superCommuteSplit, superCommuteCoef_empty, ofList_empty]
-    rw [h0]
-    have hf (f : Fin (b :: lb).length → FreeAlgebra ℂ 𝓕) : ∑ n, f n = f ⟨0,
-        Nat.zero_lt_succ lb.length⟩ + ∑ n, f (Fin.succ n) := by
-      exact Fin.sum_univ_succAbove f ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ lb.length⟩
-    rw [hf]
-    congr
-    rw [Finset.mul_sum]
-    congr
-    funext n
-    simp only [superCommuteSplit, Fin.eta, List.get_eq_getElem, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc,
-      Algebra.mul_smul_comm, smul_smul, List.length_cons, Fin.val_succ, List.take_succ_cons,
-      List.getElem_cons_succ, List.drop_succ_cons]
-    congr 1
-    · rw [mul_comm, ← superCommuteCoef_append]
-      rfl
-    · simp only [← mul_assoc, mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
-      exact Or.inl (Or.inl (ofList_cons_eq_ofList (List.take (↑n) lb) b 1).symm)
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_ofList_superCommuteCoef (la lb : List 𝓕)
-    (xa xb : ℂ) : superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb) =
-    ofList la xa * ofList lb xb - superCommuteCoef q la lb • ofList lb xb * ofList la xa := by
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_ofList, superCommuteCoef]
-  by_cases hq : FieldStatistic.ofList q la = fermionic ∧ FieldStatistic.ofList q lb = fermionic
-  · simp [hq, ofList_pair]
-  · simp only [ofList_pair, Fin.isValue, hq, ↓reduceIte, one_smul]
-    abel
-
-lemma ofList_ofList_superCommute (la lb : List 𝓕) (xa xb : ℂ) :
-    ofList la xa * ofList lb xb = superCommuteCoef q la lb • ofList lb xb * ofList la xa
-    + superCommute q (ofList la xa) (ofList lb xb) := by
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_ofList_superCommuteCoef]
-  abel
-
-lemma ofListLift_ofList_superCommute' (l : List 𝓕) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    ofList r y * ofList l x = superCommuteCoef q l r • (ofList l x * ofList r y)
-    - superCommuteCoef q l r • superCommute q (ofList l x) (ofList r y) := by
-  nth_rewrite 2 [ofList_ofList_superCommute q]
-  rw [superCommuteCoef]
-  by_cases hq : FieldStatistic.ofList q l = fermionic ∧ FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic
-  · simp [hq, superCommuteCoef]
-  · simp [hq]
-
-section lift
-
-variable {𝓕 : Type} {f : 𝓕 → Type} [∀ i, Fintype (f i)] (q : 𝓕 → FieldStatistic)
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_ofListLift (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f r y) =
-    ofList l x * ofListLift f r y +
-    (if FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.1) l = fermionic ∧
-      FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic then
-    ofListLift f r y * ofList l x else - ofListLift f r y * ofList l x) := by
-  conv_lhs => rw [ofListLift_expand]
-  rw [map_sum]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    lhs
-    rw [ofListLift_expand, Finset.mul_sum]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    rhs
-    rhs
-    rw [ofListLift_expand, ← Finset.sum_neg_distrib, Finset.sum_mul]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    rhs
-    lhs
-    rw [ofListLift_expand, Finset.sum_mul]
-  rw [← Finset.sum_ite_irrel]
-  rw [← Finset.sum_add_distrib]
-  congr
-  funext a
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_ofList]
-  congr 1
-  · exact ofList_pair l a.toList x y
-  congr 1
-  · simp
-  · exact ofList_pair a.toList l y x
-  · rw [ofList_pair]
-    simp only [neg_mul]
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_ofListLift_superCommuteLiftCoef
-    (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f r y) =
-    ofList l x * ofListLift f r y - superCommuteLiftCoef q l r • ofListLift f r y * ofList l x := by
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_ofListLift, superCommuteLiftCoef]
-  by_cases hq : FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.fst) l = fermionic ∧
-      FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic
-  · simp [hq]
-  · simp only [Fin.isValue, hq, ↓reduceIte, neg_mul, one_smul]
-    abel
-
-lemma ofList_ofListLift_superCommute (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    ofList l x * ofListLift f r y = superCommuteLiftCoef q l r • ofListLift f r y * ofList l x
-    + superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f r y) := by
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_ofListLift_superCommuteLiftCoef]
-  abel
-
-lemma ofListLift_ofList_superCommute (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    ofListLift f r y * ofList l x = superCommuteLiftCoef q l r • (ofList l x * ofListLift f r y)
-    - superCommuteLiftCoef q l r •
-    superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f r y) := by
-  rw [ofList_ofListLift_superCommute, superCommuteLiftCoef]
-  by_cases hq : FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.fst) l = fermionic ∧
-      FieldStatistic.ofList q r = fermionic
-  · simp [hq]
-  · simp [hq]
-
-omit [(i : 𝓕) → Fintype (f i)] in
-lemma superCommuteLiftCoef_append (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r1 r2 : List 𝓕) :
-    superCommuteLiftCoef q l (r1 ++ r2) =
-    superCommuteLiftCoef q l r1 * superCommuteLiftCoef q l r2 := by
-  simp only [superCommuteLiftCoef, Fin.isValue, ofList_append, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one,
-    imp_false, mul_ite, mul_neg, mul_one]
-  by_cases hla : FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.1) l = fermionic
-  · by_cases hlb : FieldStatistic.ofList q r1 = fermionic
-    · by_cases hlc : FieldStatistic.ofList q r2 = fermionic
-      · simp [hlc, hlb, hla]
-      · have hc : FieldStatistic.ofList q r2 = bosonic := by
-          exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList q r2)).mp hlc
-        simp [hc, hlb, hla]
-    · have hb : FieldStatistic.ofList q r1 = bosonic := by
-        exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList q r1)).mp hlb
-      by_cases hlc : FieldStatistic.ofList q r2 = fermionic
-      · simp [hlc, hb]
-      · have hc : FieldStatistic.ofList q r2 = bosonic := by
-          exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList q r2)).mp hlc
-        simp [hc, hb]
-  · have ha : FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.1) l = bosonic := by
-      exact (neq_fermionic_iff_eq_bosonic (FieldStatistic.ofList (fun i => q i.fst) l)).mp hla
-    simp [ha]
-
-/-- Given two lists `l : List (Σ i, f i)` and `r : List I`, on
-  in the expansion of the supercommutor of `l` and the lift of `r`
-  via elements of `r`the term associated with the `n`th element.
-  E.g. in the commutator
-  `[a, bc] = [a, b] c + b [a, c] ` the `superCommuteSplit` for `n=0` is `[a, b] c`
-  and for `n=1` is `b [a, c]`. -/
-def superCommuteLiftSplit (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) (n : ℕ)
-    (hn : n < r.length) : FreeAlgebra ℂ (Σ i, f i) :=
-  superCommuteLiftCoef q l (List.take n r) •
-  (ofListLift f (List.take n r) 1 *
-  superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (sumFiber f (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ (r.get ⟨n, hn⟩)))
-  * ofListLift f (List.drop (n + 1) r) y)
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_ofListLift_cons (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) (b1 : 𝓕) :
-    superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f (b1 :: r) y) =
-    superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (sumFiber f (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ b1))
-    * ofListLift f r y + superCommuteLiftCoef q l [b1] •
-    (ofListLift f [b1] 1) * superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f r y) := by
-  rw [ofListLift_cons]
-  conv_lhs =>
-    rhs
-    rw [ofListLift_expand]
-    rw [Finset.mul_sum]
-  rw [map_sum]
-  trans ∑ (n : CreateAnnihilateSect f r), ∑ j : f b1, ((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList l x))
-    ((FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ ⟨b1, j⟩) * ofList n.toList y)
-  · apply congrArg
-    funext n
-    rw [← map_sum]
-    congr
-    rw [Finset.sum_mul]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    lhs
-    rw [ofListLift_expand, Finset.mul_sum]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    rhs
-    rhs
-    rw [ofListLift_expand]
-    rw [map_sum]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    rhs
-    rw [Finset.mul_sum]
-  rw [← Finset.sum_add_distrib]
-  congr
-  funext n
-  rw [sumFiber_ι, map_sum, Finset.sum_mul]
-  conv_rhs =>
-    rhs
-    rw [ofListLift_singleton]
-    rw [Finset.smul_sum, Finset.sum_mul]
-  rw [← Finset.sum_add_distrib]
-  congr
-  funext b
-  trans ((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList l x)) (ofList (⟨b1, b⟩ :: n.toList) y)
-  · congr
-    rw [ofList_cons_eq_ofList]
-    rw [ofList_singleton]
-  rw [superCommute_ofList_cons]
-  congr
-  rw [ofList_singleton]
-  simp
-
-lemma superCommute_ofList_ofListLift_sum (l : List (Σ i, f i)) (r : List 𝓕) (x y : ℂ) :
-    superCommute (fun i => q i.1) (ofList l x) (ofListLift f r y) =
-    ∑ (n : Fin r.length), superCommuteLiftSplit q l r x y n n.prop := by
-  induction r with
-  | nil =>
-    simp only [superCommute_ofList_ofListLift, Fin.isValue, ofList_empty, zero_ne_one, and_false,
-      ↓reduceIte, neg_mul, List.length_nil, Finset.univ_eq_empty, Finset.sum_empty]
-    rw [ofListLift, ofList_empty']
-    simp
-  | cons b r ih =>
-    rw [superCommute_ofList_ofListLift_cons]
-    have h0 : ((superCommute fun i => q i.fst) (ofList l x))
-        ((sumFiber f) (FreeAlgebra.ι ℂ b)) * ofListLift f r y =
-        superCommuteLiftSplit q l (b :: r) x y 0 (Nat.zero_lt_succ r.length) := by
-      simp [superCommuteLiftSplit, superCommuteLiftCoef_empty, ofListLift_empty]
-    rw [h0]
-    have hf (g : Fin (b :: r).length → FreeAlgebra ℂ ((i : 𝓕) × f i)) : ∑ n, g n = g ⟨0,
-        Nat.zero_lt_succ r.length⟩ + ∑ n, g (Fin.succ n) := by
-      exact Fin.sum_univ_succAbove g ⟨0, Nat.zero_lt_succ r.length⟩
-    rw [hf]
-    congr
-    rw [ih]
-    rw [Finset.mul_sum]
-    congr
-    funext n
-    simp only [superCommuteLiftSplit, Fin.eta, List.get_eq_getElem, Algebra.mul_smul_comm,
-      Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_smul, List.length_cons, Fin.val_succ, List.take_succ_cons,
-      List.getElem_cons_succ, List.drop_succ_cons]
-    congr 1
-    · rw [mul_comm, ← superCommuteLiftCoef_append]
-      rfl
-    · simp only [← mul_assoc, mul_eq_mul_right_iff]
-      apply Or.inl
-      apply Or.inl
-      rw [ofListLift, ofListLift, ofListLift]
-      rw [← map_mul]
-      congr
-      rw [← ofList_pair, one_mul]
-      rfl
-end lift
-end
-end Wick

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/Basic.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,525 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.NormalOrder
+import HepLean.Mathematics.List.InsertIdx
+/-!
+
+# Contractions
+
+-/
+open FieldStruct
+
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+/--
+Given a natural number `n` corresponding to the number of fields, a Wick contraction
+is a finite set of pairs of `Fin n`, such that no element of `Fin n` occurs in more then one pair.
+For example for `n = 3` there are `4` Wick contractions:
+- `∅`, corresponding to the case where no fields are contracted.
+- `{{0, 1}}`, corresponding to the case where the field at position `0` and `1` are contracted.
+- `{{0, 2}}`, corresponding to the case where the field at position `0` and `2` are contracted.
+- `{{1, 2}}`, corresponding to the case where the field at position `1` and `2` are contracted.
+For `n=4` some possible Wick contractions are
+- `∅`, corresponding to the case where no fields are contracted.
+- `{{0, 1}, {2, 3}}`, corresponding to the case where the field at position `0` and `1` are
+  contracted and the field at position `2` and `3` are contracted.
+- `{{0, 2}, {1, 3}}`, corresponding to the case where the field at position `0` and `2` are
+  contracted and the field at position `1` and `3` are contracted.
+  etc.
+-/
+def WickContraction (n : ℕ) : Type :=
+  {f : Finset ((Finset (Fin n))) // (∀ a ∈ f, a.card = 2) ∧
+    (∀ a ∈ f, ∀ b ∈ f, a = b ∨ Disjoint a b)}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+
+/-- The contraction consisting of no contracted pairs. -/
+def empty : WickContraction n := ⟨∅, by simp, by simp⟩
+
+/-- The equivalence between `WickContraction n` and `WickContraction m`
+  derived from a propositional equality of `n` and `m`. -/
+def congr : {n m : ℕ} → (h : n = m) → WickContraction n ≃ WickContraction m
+  | n, .(n), rfl => Equiv.refl _
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_refl : c.congr rfl = c := by
+  cases c
+  rfl
+
+lemma congr_contractions {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) (c : WickContraction n) :
+    ((congr h) c).1 = Finset.map (Finset.mapEmbedding (finCongr h)).toEmbedding c.1 := by
+  subst h
+  simp only [congr_refl, Finset.le_eq_subset, finCongr_refl, Equiv.refl_toEmbedding]
+  ext a
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro ha
+    simp only [Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    use a
+    simp only [ha, true_and]
+    rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+    simp
+  · intro ha
+    simp only [Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding] at ha
+    obtain ⟨b, hb, hab⟩ := ha
+    rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply] at hab
+    simp only [Finset.map_refl] at hab
+    subst hab
+    exact hb
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_trans {n m o : ℕ} (h1 : n = m) (h2 : m = o) :
+    (congr h1).trans (congr h2) = congr (h1.trans h2) := by
+  subst h1 h2
+  simp [congr]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congr_trans_apply {n m o : ℕ} (h1 : n = m) (h2 : m = o) (c : WickContraction n) :
+    (congr h2) ((congr h1) c) = congr (h1.trans h2) c := by
+  subst h1 h2
+  simp
+
+/-- Given a contracted pair in `c : WickContraction n` the contracted pair
+  in `congr h c`. -/
+def congrLift {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) {c : WickContraction n} (a : c.1) : (congr h c).1 :=
+  ⟨a.1.map (finCongr h).toEmbedding, by
+    subst h
+    simp⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma congrLift_rfl {n : ℕ} {c : WickContraction n} :
+    c.congrLift rfl = id := by
+  funext a
+  simp [congrLift]
+
+lemma congrLift_injective {n m : ℕ} {c : WickContraction n} (h : n = m) :
+    Function.Injective (c.congrLift h) := by
+  subst h
+  simp only [congrLift_rfl]
+  exact fun ⦃a₁ a₂⦄ a => a
+
+lemma congrLift_surjective {n m : ℕ} {c : WickContraction n} (h : n = m) :
+    Function.Surjective (c.congrLift h) := by
+  subst h
+  simp only [congrLift_rfl]
+  exact Function.surjective_id
+
+lemma congrLift_bijective {n m : ℕ} {c : WickContraction n} (h : n = m) :
+    Function.Bijective (c.congrLift h) := by
+  exact ⟨c.congrLift_injective h, c.congrLift_surjective h⟩
+
+lemma eq_filter_mem_self : c.1 = Finset.filter (fun x => x ∈ c.1) Finset.univ := by
+  exact Eq.symm (Finset.filter_univ_mem c.1)
+
+/-- For a contraction `c : WickContraction n` and `i : Fin n` the `j` such that
+  `{i, j}` is a contracted pair in `c`. If such an `j` does not exist, this returns `none`. -/
+def getDual? (i : Fin n) : Option (Fin n) := Fin.find (fun j => {i, j} ∈ c.1)
+
+lemma getDual?_congr {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin m) :
+    (congr h c).getDual? i = Option.map (finCongr h) (c.getDual? (finCongr h.symm i)) := by
+  subst h
+  simp
+
+lemma getDual?_congr_get {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin m)
+    (hg : ((congr h c).getDual? i).isSome) :
+    ((congr h c).getDual? i).get hg =
+    (finCongr h ((c.getDual? (finCongr h.symm i)).get (by simpa [getDual?_congr] using hg))) := by
+  simp only [getDual?_congr, finCongr_apply]
+  exact Option.get_map
+
+lemma getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem (i j : Fin n) :
+    c.getDual? i = some j ↔ {i, j} ∈ c.1 := by
+  simp only [getDual?]
+  rw [Fin.find_eq_some_iff]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    exact h.1
+  · intro h
+    simp only [h, true_and]
+    intro k hk
+    have hc := c.2.2 _ h _ hk
+    simp only [Finset.disjoint_insert_right, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton, true_or,
+      not_true_eq_false, Finset.disjoint_singleton_right, not_or, false_and, or_false] at hc
+    have hj : k ∈ ({i, j} : Finset (Fin n)) := by
+      simp [hc]
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at hj
+    rcases hj with hj | hj
+    · subst hj
+      simp only [Finset.mem_singleton, Finset.insert_eq_of_mem] at hk
+      have hc := c.2.1 _ hk
+      simp at hc
+    · subst hj
+      simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma getDual?_one_eq_none (c : WickContraction 1) (i : Fin 1) : c.getDual? i = none := by
+  by_contra h
+  have hn : (c.getDual? i).isSome := by
+    rw [← Option.not_isSome_iff_eq_none] at h
+    simpa [- Option.not_isSome, -Option.isNone_iff_eq_none] using h
+  rw [@Option.isSome_iff_exists] at hn
+  obtain ⟨a, hn⟩ := hn
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem] at hn
+  have hc := c.2.1 {i, a} hn
+  fin_cases i
+  fin_cases a
+  simp at hc
+
+@[simp]
+lemma getDual?_get_self_mem (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    {(c.getDual? i).get h, i} ∈ c.1 := by
+  rw [@Finset.pair_comm]
+  rw [← getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma self_getDual?_get_mem (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    {i, (c.getDual? i).get h} ∈ c.1 := by
+  rw [← getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp
+
+lemma getDual?_eq_some_neq (i j : Fin n) (h : c.getDual? i = some j) :
+    ¬ i = j := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem] at h
+  by_contra hn
+  subst hn
+  have hc := c.2.1 _ h
+  simp at hc
+
+@[simp]
+lemma self_neq_getDual?_get (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    ¬ i = (c.getDual? i).get h := by
+  by_contra hn
+  have hx : {i, (c.getDual? i).get h} ∈ c.1 := by simp
+  have hc := c.2.1 _ hx
+  nth_rewrite 1 [hn] at hc
+  simp at hc
+
+@[simp]
+lemma getDual?_get_self_neq (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    ¬ (c.getDual? i).get h = i := by
+  by_contra hn
+  have hx : {i, (c.getDual? i).get h} ∈ c.1 := by simp
+  have hc := c.2.1 _ hx
+  nth_rewrite 1 [hn] at hc
+  simp at hc
+
+lemma getDual?_isSome_iff (i : Fin n) : (c.getDual? i).isSome ↔ ∃ (a : c.1), i ∈ a.1 := by
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    simp only [getDual?] at h
+    rw [Fin.isSome_find_iff] at h
+    obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := h
+    use ⟨{i, a}, ha⟩
+    simp
+  · intro h
+    obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := h
+    have ha := c.2.1 a a.2
+    rw [@Finset.card_eq_two] at ha
+    obtain ⟨x, y, hx, hy⟩ := ha
+    rw [hy] at ha
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at ha
+    match ha with
+    | Or.inl ha =>
+      subst ha
+      simp only [getDual?]
+      rw [Fin.isSome_find_iff]
+      use y
+      rw [← hy]
+      exact a.2
+    | Or.inr ha =>
+      subst ha
+      simp only [getDual?]
+      rw [Fin.isSome_find_iff]
+      use x
+      rw [Finset.pair_comm]
+      rw [← hy]
+      exact a.2
+
+lemma getDual?_isSome_of_mem (a : c.1) (i : a.1) : (c.getDual? i).isSome := by
+  rw [getDual?_isSome_iff]
+  use ⟨a.1, a.2⟩
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma getDual?_getDual?_get_get (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    c.getDual? ((c.getDual? i).get h) = some i := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp
+
+lemma getDual?_getDual?_get_isSome (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    (c.getDual? ((c.getDual? i).get h)).isSome := by
+  simp
+
+lemma getDual?_getDual?_get_not_none (i : Fin n) (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) :
+    ¬ (c.getDual? ((c.getDual? i).get h)) = none := by
+  simp
+
+/-!
+
+## Extracting parts from a contraction.
+
+-/
+
+/-- The smallest of the two positions in a contracted pair given a Wick contraction. -/
+def fstFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) : Fin n :=
+  (a.1.sort (· ≤ ·)).head (by
+    have hx : (Finset.sort (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) a.1).length = a.1.card := by
+      exact Finset.length_sort fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2
+    by_contra hn
+    rw [hn, c.2.1 a.1 a.2] at hx
+    simp at hx)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_congr {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    (congr h c).fstFieldOfContract (c.congrLift h a) = (finCongr h) (c.fstFieldOfContract a) := by
+  subst h
+  simp [congr]
+
+/-- The largest of the two positions in a contracted pair given a Wick contraction. -/
+def sndFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) : Fin n :=
+  (a.1.sort (· ≤ ·)).tail.head (by
+    have hx : (Finset.sort (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) a.1).length = a.1.card := by
+      exact Finset.length_sort fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2
+    by_contra hn
+    have hn := congrArg List.length hn
+    simp only [List.length_tail, Finset.length_sort, List.length_nil] at hn
+    rw [c.2.1 a.1 a.2] at hn
+    omega)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma sndFieldOfContract_congr {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    (congr h c).sndFieldOfContract (c.congrLift h a) = (finCongr h) (c.sndFieldOfContract a) := by
+  subst h
+  simp [congr]
+
+lemma finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    a.1 = {c.fstFieldOfContract a, c.sndFieldOfContract a} := by
+  have h1 := c.2.1 a.1 a.2
+  rw [Finset.card_eq_two] at h1
+  obtain ⟨x, y, hxy, ha⟩ := h1
+  rw [ha]
+  by_cases hxyle : x ≤ y
+  · have ha : a.1.sort (· ≤ ·) = [x, y] := by
+      rw [ha]
+      trans Finset.sort (· ≤ ·) (Finset.cons x {y} (by simp [hxy]))
+      · congr
+        simp
+      rw [Finset.sort_cons]
+      simp only [Finset.sort_singleton]
+      intro b hb
+      simp only [Finset.mem_singleton] at hb
+      subst hb
+      omega
+    simp [fstFieldOfContract, ha, sndFieldOfContract]
+  · have ha : a.1.sort (· ≤ ·) = [y, x] := by
+      rw [ha]
+      trans Finset.sort (· ≤ ·) (Finset.cons y {x} (by simp only [Finset.mem_singleton]; omega))
+      · congr
+        simp only [Finset.cons_eq_insert]
+        rw [@Finset.pair_comm]
+      rw [Finset.sort_cons]
+      simp only [Finset.sort_singleton]
+      intro b hb
+      simp only [Finset.mem_singleton] at hb
+      subst hb
+      omega
+    simp only [fstFieldOfContract, ha, List.head_cons, sndFieldOfContract, List.tail_cons]
+    rw [Finset.pair_comm]
+
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_neq_sndFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.fstFieldOfContract a ≠ c.sndFieldOfContract a := by
+  have h1 := c.2.1 a.1 a.2
+  have h2 := c.finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract a
+  by_contra hn
+  rw [h2, hn] at h1
+  simp at h1
+
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_le_sndFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.fstFieldOfContract a ≤ c.sndFieldOfContract a := by
+  simp only [fstFieldOfContract, sndFieldOfContract, List.head_tail]
+  have h1 (n : ℕ) (l : List (Fin n)) (h : l ≠ []) (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·)) :
+      ∀ a ∈ l, l.head h ≤ a := by
+    induction l with
+    | nil => simp at h
+    | cons i l ih =>
+      simp only [List.sorted_cons] at hl
+      simpa using hl.1
+  apply h1
+  · exact Finset.sort_sorted (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) _
+  · exact List.getElem_mem _
+
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_lt_sndFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.fstFieldOfContract a < c.sndFieldOfContract a :=
+  lt_of_le_of_ne (c.fstFieldOfContract_le_sndFieldOfContract a)
+    (c.fstFieldOfContract_neq_sndFieldOfContract a)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_mem (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.fstFieldOfContract a ∈ a.1 := by
+  rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract]
+  simp
+
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_getDual?_isSome (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    (c.getDual? (c.fstFieldOfContract a)).isSome := by
+  rw [getDual?_isSome_iff]
+  use a
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fstFieldOfContract_getDual? (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.getDual? (c.fstFieldOfContract a) = some (c.sndFieldOfContract a) := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  erw [← finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract]
+  exact a.2
+
+@[simp]
+lemma sndFieldOfContract_mem (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.sndFieldOfContract a ∈ a.1 := by
+  rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract]
+  simp
+
+lemma sndFieldOfContract_getDual?_isSome (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    (c.getDual? (c.sndFieldOfContract a)).isSome := by
+  rw [getDual?_isSome_iff]
+  use a
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma sndFieldOfContract_getDual? (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    c.getDual? (c.sndFieldOfContract a) = some (c.fstFieldOfContract a) := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  rw [Finset.pair_comm]
+  erw [← finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract]
+  exact a.2
+
+lemma eq_fstFieldOfContract_of_mem (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) (i j : Fin n)
+    (hi : i ∈ a.1) (hj : j ∈ a.1) (hij : i < j) :
+    c.fstFieldOfContract a = i := by
+  rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract] at hi hj
+  simp_all only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton]
+  match hi, hj with
+  | Or.inl hi, Or.inl hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    simp at hij
+  | Or.inl hi, Or.inr hj =>
+    subst hi
+    rfl
+  | Or.inr hi, Or.inl hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    have hn := fstFieldOfContract_lt_sndFieldOfContract c a
+    omega
+  | Or.inr hi, Or.inr hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    simp at hij
+
+lemma eq_sndFieldOfContract_of_mem (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) (i j : Fin n)
+    (hi : i ∈ a.1) (hj : j ∈ a.1) (hij : i < j) :
+    c.sndFieldOfContract a = j := by
+  rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract] at hi hj
+  simp_all only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton]
+  match hi, hj with
+  | Or.inl hi, Or.inl hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    simp at hij
+  | Or.inl hi, Or.inr hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    omega
+  | Or.inr hi, Or.inl hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    have hn := fstFieldOfContract_lt_sndFieldOfContract c a
+    omega
+  | Or.inr hi, Or.inr hj =>
+    subst hi hj
+    simp at hij
+
+/-- As a type, any pair of contractions is equivalent to `Fin 2`
+  with `0` being associated with `c.fstFieldOfContract a` and `1` being associated with
+  `c.sndFieldOfContract`. -/
+def contractEquivFinTwo (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1) :
+    a ≃ Fin 2 where
+  toFun i := if i = c.fstFieldOfContract a then 0 else 1
+  invFun i :=
+    match i with
+    | 0 => ⟨c.fstFieldOfContract a, fstFieldOfContract_mem c a⟩
+    | 1 => ⟨c.sndFieldOfContract a, sndFieldOfContract_mem c a⟩
+  left_inv i := by
+    simp only [Fin.isValue]
+    have hi := i.2
+    have ha := c.finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract a
+    simp only [ha, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at hi
+    rcases hi with hi | hi
+    · rw [hi]
+      simp only [↓reduceIte, Fin.isValue]
+      exact Subtype.eq (id (Eq.symm hi))
+    · rw [hi]
+      rw [if_neg]
+      simp only
+      exact Subtype.eq (id (Eq.symm hi))
+      have h := fstFieldOfContract_neq_sndFieldOfContract c a
+      exact (Ne.symm h)
+  right_inv i := by
+    fin_cases i
+    · simp
+    · simp only [Fin.isValue, Fin.mk_one, ite_eq_right_iff, zero_ne_one, imp_false]
+      have h := fstFieldOfContract_neq_sndFieldOfContract c a
+      exact (Ne.symm h)
+
+lemma prod_finset_eq_mul_fst_snd (c : WickContraction n) (a : c.1)
+    (f : a.1 → M) [CommMonoid M] :
+    ∏ (x : a), f x = f (⟨c.fstFieldOfContract a, fstFieldOfContract_mem c a⟩)
+    * f (⟨c.sndFieldOfContract a, sndFieldOfContract_mem c a⟩) := by
+  rw [← (c.contractEquivFinTwo a).symm.prod_comp]
+  simp [contractEquivFinTwo]
+
+/-- A Wick contraction associated with a list of states is said to be `GradingCompliant` if in any
+  contracted pair of states they are either both fermionic or both bosonic. -/
+def GradingCompliant (φs : List 𝓕.States) (c : WickContraction φs.length) :=
+  ∀ (a : c.1), (𝓕 |>ₛ φs[c.fstFieldOfContract a]) = (𝓕 |>ₛ φs[c.sndFieldOfContract a])
+
+/-- An equivalence from the sigma type `(a : c.1) × a` to the subtype of `Fin n` consisting of
+  those positions which are contracted. -/
+def sigmaContractedEquiv : (a : c.1) × a ≃ {x : Fin n // (c.getDual? x).isSome} where
+  toFun := fun x => ⟨x.2, getDual?_isSome_of_mem c x.fst x.snd⟩
+  invFun := fun x => ⟨
+    ⟨{x.1, (c.getDual? x.1).get x.2}, self_getDual?_get_mem c (↑x) x.prop⟩,
+    ⟨x.1, by simp⟩⟩
+  left_inv x := by
+    have hxa (x1 x2 : (a : c.1) × a) (h1 : x1.1 = x2.1)
+      (h2 : x1.2.val = x2.2.val) : x1 = x2 := by
+      cases x1
+      cases x2
+      simp_all only [Sigma.mk.inj_iff, true_and]
+      subst h1
+      rename_i fst snd snd_1
+      simp_all only [heq_eq_eq]
+      obtain ⟨val, property⟩ := fst
+      obtain ⟨val_2, property_2⟩ := snd
+      subst h2
+      simp_all only
+    match x with
+    | ⟨a, i⟩ =>
+    apply hxa
+    · have hc := c.2.2 a.1 a.2 {i.1, (c.getDual? ↑i).get (getDual?_isSome_of_mem c a i)}
+        (self_getDual?_get_mem c (↑i) (getDual?_isSome_of_mem c a i))
+      have hn : ¬ Disjoint a.1 {i.1, (c.getDual? ↑i).get (getDual?_isSome_of_mem c a i)} := by
+        rw [Finset.disjoint_iff_inter_eq_empty]
+        rw [@Finset.eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem]
+        simp only [Finset.coe_mem, Finset.inter_insert_of_mem, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_inter,
+          Finset.mem_singleton, not_or, not_and, not_forall, Classical.not_imp, Decidable.not_not]
+        use i
+        simp
+      simp_all only [or_false, disjoint_self, Finset.bot_eq_empty, Finset.insert_ne_empty,
+        not_false_eq_true]
+      exact Subtype.eq (id (Eq.symm hc))
+    · simp
+  right_inv := by
+    intro x
+    cases x
+    rfl
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/Erase.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Uncontracted
+/-!
+
+# Erasing an element from a contraction
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open HepLean.Fin
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `WickContraction n.succ` and a `i : Fin n.succ` the
+  Wick contraction associated with `n` obtained by removing `i`.
+  If `i` is contracted with `j` in the new Wick contraction `j` will be uncontracted. -/
+def erase (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ) : WickContraction n := by
+  refine ⟨Finset.filter (fun x => Finset.map i.succAboveEmb x ∈ c.1) Finset.univ, ?_, ?_⟩
+  · intro a ha
+    simpa using c.2.1 (Finset.map i.succAboveEmb a) (by simpa using ha)
+  · intro a ha b hb
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and] at ha hb
+    rw [← Finset.disjoint_map i.succAboveEmb, ← (Finset.map_injective i.succAboveEmb).eq_iff]
+    exact c.2.2 _ ha _ hb
+
+lemma mem_erase_uncontracted_iff (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Fin n) :
+    j ∈ (c.erase i).uncontracted ↔
+    i.succAbove j ∈ c.uncontracted ∨ c.getDual? (i.succAbove j) = some i := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp only [uncontracted, getDual?, erase, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ,
+    Finset.map_insert, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton, true_and]
+  rw [Fin.find_eq_none_iff, Fin.find_eq_none_iff]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    by_cases hi : {i.succAbove j, i} ∈ c.1
+    · simp [hi]
+    · apply Or.inl
+      intro k
+      by_cases hi' : k = i
+      · subst hi'
+        exact hi
+      · simp only [← Fin.exists_succAbove_eq_iff] at hi'
+        obtain ⟨z, hz⟩ := hi'
+        subst hz
+        exact h z
+  · intro h
+    intro k
+    rcases h with h | h
+    · exact h (i.succAbove k)
+    · by_contra hn
+      have hc := c.2.2 _ h _ hn
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.disjoint_insert_right, Finset.mem_insert,
+        Finset.mem_singleton, true_or, not_true_eq_false, Finset.disjoint_singleton_right, not_or,
+        false_and, or_false] at hc
+      have hi : i ∈ ({i.succAbove j, i.succAbove k} : Finset (Fin n.succ)) := by
+        simp [← hc]
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at hi
+      rcases hi with hi | hi
+      · exact False.elim (Fin.succAbove_ne _ _ hi.symm)
+      · exact False.elim (Fin.succAbove_ne _ _ hi.symm)
+
+lemma mem_not_eq_erase_of_isSome (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (h : (c.getDual? i).isSome) (ha : a ∈ c.1) (ha2 : a ≠ {i, (c.getDual? i).get h}) :
+    ∃ a', a' ∈ (c.erase i).1 ∧ a = Finset.map i.succAboveEmb a' := by
+  have h2a := c.2.1 a ha
+  rw [@Finset.card_eq_two] at h2a
+  obtain ⟨x, y, hx,hy⟩ := h2a
+  subst hy
+  have hxn : ¬ x = i := by
+    by_contra hx
+    subst hx
+    rw [← @getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem] at ha
+    rw [(Option.get_of_mem h ha)] at ha2
+    simp at ha2
+  have hyn : ¬ y = i := by
+    by_contra hy
+    subst hy
+    rw [@Finset.pair_comm] at ha
+    rw [← @getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem] at ha
+    rw [(Option.get_of_mem h ha)] at ha2
+    simp [Finset.pair_comm] at ha2
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ← Fin.exists_succAbove_eq_iff] at hxn hyn
+  obtain ⟨x', hx'⟩ := hxn
+  obtain ⟨y', hy'⟩ := hyn
+  use {x', y'}
+  subst hx' hy'
+  simp only [erase, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, Finset.map_insert,
+    Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton, true_and, and_true]
+  exact ha
+
+lemma mem_not_eq_erase_of_isNone (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (h : (c.getDual? i).isNone) (ha : a ∈ c.1) :
+    ∃ a', a' ∈ (c.erase i).1 ∧ a = Finset.map i.succAboveEmb a' := by
+  have h2a := c.2.1 a ha
+  rw [@Finset.card_eq_two] at h2a
+  obtain ⟨x, y, hx,hy⟩ := h2a
+  subst hy
+  have hi : i ∈ c.uncontracted := by
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, uncontracted, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
+    simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Option.isNone_iff_eq_none, ne_eq]
+  rw [@mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted] at hi
+  have hxn : ¬ x = i := by
+    by_contra hx
+    subst hx
+    exact hi {x, y} ha (by simp)
+  have hyn : ¬ y = i := by
+    by_contra hy
+    subst hy
+    exact hi {x, y} ha (by simp)
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ← Fin.exists_succAbove_eq_iff] at hxn hyn
+  obtain ⟨x', hx'⟩ := hxn
+  obtain ⟨y', hy'⟩ := hyn
+  use {x', y'}
+  subst hx' hy'
+  simp only [erase, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, Finset.map_insert,
+    Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton, true_and, and_true]
+  exact ha
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `c : WickContraction n.succ` and a `i : Fin n.succ` the (optional)
+  element of `(erase c i).uncontracted` which comes from the element in `c` contracted
+  with `i`. -/
+def getDualErase {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    Option ((erase c i).uncontracted) := by
+  match n with
+  | 0 => exact none
+  | Nat.succ n =>
+  refine if hj : (c.getDual? i).isSome then some ⟨(predAboveI i ((c.getDual? i).get hj)), ?_⟩
+    else none
+  rw [mem_erase_uncontracted_iff]
+  apply Or.inr
+  rw [succsAbove_predAboveI, getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  · simp
+  · apply c.getDual?_eq_some_neq _ _ _
+    simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma getDualErase_isSome_iff_getDual?_isSome (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (c.getDualErase i).isSome ↔ (c.getDual? i).isSome := by
+  match n with
+  | 0 =>
+    fin_cases i
+    simp [getDualErase]
+
+  | Nat.succ n =>
+    simp [getDualErase]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma getDualErase_one (c : WickContraction 1) (i : Fin 1) :
+    c.getDualErase i = none := by
+  fin_cases i
+  simp [getDualErase]
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/ExtractEquiv.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Insert
+/-!
+
+# Equivalence extracting element from contraction
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open HepLean.Fin
+
+lemma extractEquiv_equiv {c1 c2 : (c : WickContraction n) × Option c.uncontracted}
+    (h : c1.1 = c2.1) (ho : c1.2 = uncontractedCongr (by rw [h]) c2.2) : c1 = c2 := by
+  cases c1
+  cases c2
+  simp_all only [Sigma.mk.inj_iff]
+  simp only at h
+  subst h
+  simp only [uncontractedCongr, Equiv.optionCongr_apply, heq_eq_eq, true_and]
+  rename_i a
+  match a with
+  | none => simp
+  | some a =>
+    simp only [Option.map_some', Option.some.injEq]
+    ext
+    simp
+
+/-- The equivalence between `WickContraction n.succ` and the sigma type
+  `(c : WickContraction n) × Option c.uncontracted` formed by inserting
+  and erasing elements from a contraction. -/
+def extractEquiv (i : Fin n.succ) : WickContraction n.succ ≃
+    (c : WickContraction n) × Option c.uncontracted where
+  toFun := fun c => ⟨erase c i, getDualErase c i⟩
+  invFun := fun ⟨c, j⟩ => insert c i j
+  left_inv f := by
+    simp
+  right_inv f := by
+    refine extractEquiv_equiv ?_ ?_
+    simp only [insert_erase]
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+    have h1 := insert_getDualErase f.fst i f.snd
+    exact insert_getDualErase _ i _
+
+lemma extractEquiv_symm_none_uncontracted (i : Fin n.succ) (c : WickContraction n) :
+    ((extractEquiv i).symm ⟨c, none⟩).uncontracted =
+    (Insert.insert i (c.uncontracted.map i.succAboveEmb)) := by
+  exact insert_none_uncontracted c i
+
+@[simp]
+lemma extractEquiv_apply_congr_symm_apply {n m : ℕ} (k : ℕ)
+    (hnk : k < n.succ) (hkm : k < m.succ) (hnm : n = m) (c : WickContraction n)
+    (i : c.uncontracted) : congr (by rw [hnm]) ((extractEquiv ⟨k, hkm⟩
+    (congr (by rw [hnm]) ((extractEquiv ⟨k, hnk⟩).symm ⟨c, i⟩)))).1 = c := by
+  subst hnm
+  simp
+
+/-- The fintype instance of `WickContraction 0` defined through its single
+  element `empty`. -/
+instance fintype_zero : Fintype (WickContraction 0) where
+  elems := {empty}
+  complete := by
+    intro c
+    simp only [Finset.mem_singleton]
+    apply Subtype.eq
+    simp only [empty]
+    ext a
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro h
+      have hc := c.2.1 a h
+      rw [Finset.card_eq_two] at hc
+      obtain ⟨x, y, hxy, ha⟩ := hc
+      exact Fin.elim0 x
+    · simp
+
+lemma sum_WickContraction_nil (f : WickContraction 0 → M) [AddCommMonoid M] :
+    ∑ c, f c = f empty := by
+  rw [Finset.sum_eq_single_of_mem]
+  simp only [Finset.mem_univ]
+  intro b hb
+  fin_cases b
+  simp
+
+/-- The fintype instance of `WickContraction n`, for `n.succ` this is defined
+  through the equivalence `extractEquiv`. -/
+instance fintype_succ : (n : ℕ) → Fintype (WickContraction n)
+  | 0 => fintype_zero
+  | Nat.succ n => by
+    letI := fintype_succ n
+    exact Fintype.ofEquiv _ (extractEquiv 0).symm
+
+lemma sum_extractEquiv_congr [AddCommMonoid M] {n m : ℕ} (i : Fin n) (f : WickContraction n → M)
+    (h : n = m.succ) :
+    ∑ c, f c = ∑ (c : WickContraction m), ∑ (k : Option c.uncontracted),
+    f (congr h.symm ((extractEquiv (finCongr h i)).symm ⟨c, k⟩)) := by
+  subst h
+  simp only [finCongr_refl, Equiv.refl_apply, congr_refl]
+  rw [← (extractEquiv i).symm.sum_comp]
+  rw [Finset.sum_sigma']
+  rfl
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/Insert.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,718 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Erase
+/-!
+
+# Inserting an element into a contraction
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open HepLean.Fin
+
+/-!
+
+## Inserting an element into a contraction
+
+-/
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `c` for `n`, a position `i : Fin n.succ` and
+  an optional uncontracted element `j : Option (c.uncontracted)` of `c`.
+  The Wick contraction for `n.succ` formed by 'inserting' `i` into `Fin n`
+  and contracting it optionally with `j`. -/
+def insert (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted)) :
+    WickContraction n.succ := by
+  let f := Finset.map (Finset.mapEmbedding i.succAboveEmb).toEmbedding c.1
+  let f' := match j with | none => f | some j => Insert.insert {i, i.succAbove j} f
+  refine ⟨f', ?_, ?_⟩
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, f']
+    match j with
+    | none =>
+      simp only [Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding,
+        forall_exists_index, and_imp, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂, f]
+      intro a ha
+      rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+      simp only [Finset.card_map]
+      exact c.2.1 a ha
+    | some j =>
+      simp only [Finset.mem_insert, forall_eq_or_imp]
+      apply And.intro
+      · rw [@Finset.card_eq_two]
+        use i
+        use (i.succAbove j)
+        simp only [ne_eq, and_true]
+        exact Fin.ne_succAbove i j
+      · simp only [Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding,
+        forall_exists_index, and_imp, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂, f]
+        intro a ha
+        rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+        simp only [Finset.card_map]
+        exact c.2.1 a ha
+  · intro a ha b hb
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, f'] at ha hb
+    match j with
+    | none =>
+      simp_all only [f, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding,
+        Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+      obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+      obtain ⟨b', hb', hb''⟩ := hb
+      subst ha''
+      subst hb''
+      simp only [EmbeddingLike.apply_eq_iff_eq]
+      rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply, Finset.mapEmbedding_apply, Finset.disjoint_map]
+      exact c.2.2 a' ha' b' hb'
+    | some j =>
+      simp_all only [Finset.mem_insert, Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+      match ha, hb with
+      | Or.inl ha, Or.inl hb =>
+        rw [ha, hb]
+        simp
+      | Or.inl ha, Or.inr hb =>
+        apply Or.inr
+        subst ha
+        simp only [Finset.disjoint_insert_left, Finset.disjoint_singleton_left]
+        simp only [Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding, f] at hb
+        obtain ⟨a', hb', hb''⟩ := hb
+        subst hb''
+        rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+        apply And.intro
+        · simp only [Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, not_exists, not_and]
+          exact fun x _ => Fin.succAbove_ne i x
+        · simp only [Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, not_exists, not_and]
+          have hj := j.2
+          rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted] at hj
+          intro a ha hja
+          rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at hja
+          subst hja
+          exact False.elim (hj a' hb' ha)
+      | Or.inr ha, Or.inl hb =>
+        apply Or.inr
+        subst hb
+        simp only [Finset.disjoint_insert_right, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+          Finset.disjoint_singleton_right]
+        simp only [Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding, f] at ha
+        obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+        subst ha''
+        rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+        apply And.intro
+        · simp only [Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, not_exists, not_and]
+          exact fun x _ => Fin.succAbove_ne i x
+        · simp only [Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, not_exists, not_and]
+          have hj := j.2
+          rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted] at hj
+          intro a ha hja
+          rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at hja
+          subst hja
+          exact False.elim (hj a' ha' ha)
+      | Or.inr ha, Or.inr hb =>
+        simp_all only [f, Finset.le_eq_subset,
+          or_true, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+        obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+        obtain ⟨b', hb', hb''⟩ := hb
+        subst ha''
+        subst hb''
+        simp only [EmbeddingLike.apply_eq_iff_eq]
+        rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply, Finset.mapEmbedding_apply, Finset.disjoint_map]
+        exact c.2.2 a' ha' b' hb'
+
+lemma insert_of_isSome (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Option c.uncontracted)
+    (hj : j.isSome) : (insert c i j).1 = Insert.insert {i, i.succAbove (j.get hj)}
+    (Finset.map (Finset.mapEmbedding i.succAboveEmb).toEmbedding c.1) := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset]
+  rw [@Option.isSome_iff_exists] at hj
+  obtain ⟨j, hj⟩ := hj
+  subst hj
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma self_mem_uncontracted_of_insert_none (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    i ∈ (insert c i none).uncontracted := by
+  rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted]
+  intro p hp
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map,
+    RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding] at hp
+  obtain ⟨a, ha, ha'⟩ := hp
+  have hc := c.2.1 a ha
+  rw [@Finset.card_eq_two] at hc
+  obtain ⟨x, y, hxy, ha⟩ := hc
+  subst ha
+  subst ha'
+  rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.map_insert, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton,
+    Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton, not_or]
+  apply And.intro
+  · exact Fin.ne_succAbove i x
+  · exact Fin.ne_succAbove i y
+
+@[simp]
+lemma self_not_mem_uncontracted_of_insert_some (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (j : c.uncontracted) : i ∉ (insert c i (some j)).uncontracted := by
+  rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted]
+  simp [insert]
+
+lemma insert_succAbove_mem_uncontracted_iff (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Fin n) :
+    (i.succAbove j) ∈ (insert c i none).uncontracted ↔ j ∈ c.uncontracted := by
+  rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted, mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted]
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map,
+    RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding, forall_exists_index, and_imp, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h p hp
+    have hp' := h p hp
+    have hc := c.2.1 p hp
+    rw [Finset.card_eq_two] at hc
+    obtain ⟨x, y, hxy, hp⟩ := hc
+    subst hp
+    rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply] at hp'
+    simp only [Finset.map_insert, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton, Finset.mem_insert,
+      Finset.mem_singleton, not_or] at hp'
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton, not_or]
+    exact And.intro (fun a => hp'.1 (congrArg i.succAbove a))
+      (fun a => hp'.2 (congrArg i.succAbove a))
+  · intro h p hp
+    have hc := c.2.1 p hp
+    rw [Finset.card_eq_two] at hc
+    obtain ⟨x, y, hxy, hp⟩ := hc
+    subst hp
+    rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+    simp only [Finset.map_insert, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton, Finset.mem_insert,
+      Finset.mem_singleton, not_or]
+    have hp' := h {x, y} hp
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton, not_or] at hp'
+    apply And.intro
+      (fun a => hp'.1 (i.succAbove_right_injective a))
+      (fun a => hp'.2 (i.succAbove_right_injective a))
+
+@[simp]
+lemma mem_uncontracted_insert_none_iff (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (k : Fin n.succ) :
+    k ∈ (insert c i none).uncontracted ↔
+    k = i ∨ ∃ j, k = i.succAbove j ∧ j ∈ c.uncontracted := by
+  by_cases hi : k = i
+  · subst hi
+    simp
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ← Fin.exists_succAbove_eq_iff] at hi
+    obtain ⟨z, hk⟩ := hi
+    subst hk
+    have hn : ¬ i.succAbove z = i := by exact Fin.succAbove_ne i z
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert_succAbove_mem_uncontracted_iff, hn, false_or]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro h
+      exact ⟨z, rfl, h⟩
+    · intro h
+      obtain ⟨j, hk⟩ := h
+      have hjk : z = j := Fin.succAbove_right_inj.mp hk.1
+      subst hjk
+      exact hk.2
+
+lemma insert_none_uncontracted (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (insert c i none).uncontracted = Insert.insert i (c.uncontracted.map i.succAboveEmb) := by
+  ext a
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, mem_uncontracted_insert_none_iff, Finset.mem_insert,
+    Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro a_1
+    cases a_1 with
+    | inl h =>
+      subst h
+      simp_all only [true_or]
+    | inr h_1 =>
+      obtain ⟨w, h⟩ := h_1
+      obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := h
+      subst left
+      apply Or.inr
+      apply Exists.intro
+      · apply And.intro
+        on_goal 2 => {rfl
+        }
+        · simp_all only
+  · intro a_1
+    cases a_1 with
+    | inl h =>
+      subst h
+      simp_all only [true_or]
+    | inr h_1 =>
+      obtain ⟨w, h⟩ := h_1
+      obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := h
+      subst right
+      apply Or.inr
+      apply Exists.intro
+      · apply And.intro
+        on_goal 2 => {exact left
+        }
+        · simp_all only
+
+@[simp]
+lemma mem_uncontracted_insert_some_iff (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (k : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    k ∈ (insert c i (some j)).uncontracted ↔
+    ∃ z, k = i.succAbove z ∧ z ∈ c.uncontracted ∧ z ≠ j := by
+  by_cases hki : k = i
+  · subst hki
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, self_not_mem_uncontracted_of_insert_some, ne_eq, false_iff,
+      not_exists, not_and, Decidable.not_not]
+    exact fun x hx => False.elim (Fin.ne_succAbove k x hx)
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ← Fin.exists_succAbove_eq_iff] at hki
+    obtain ⟨z, hk⟩ := hki
+    subst hk
+    by_cases hjz : j = z
+    · subst hjz
+      rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted]
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_insert,
+        Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding, forall_eq_or_imp, Finset.mem_singleton,
+        or_true, not_true_eq_false, forall_exists_index, and_imp, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂,
+        false_and, ne_eq, false_iff, not_exists, not_and, Decidable.not_not]
+      intro x
+      rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)]
+      exact fun a _a => a.symm
+    · apply Iff.intro
+      · intro h
+        use z
+        simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ne_eq, true_and]
+        refine And.intro ?_ (fun a => hjz a.symm)
+        rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted]
+        intro p hp
+        rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted] at h
+        simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_insert,
+          Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding, forall_eq_or_imp, Finset.mem_singleton,
+          not_or, forall_exists_index, and_imp, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂] at h
+        have hc := h.2 p hp
+        rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply] at hc
+        exact (Finset.mem_map' (i.succAboveEmb)).mpr.mt hc
+      · intro h
+        obtain ⟨z', hz'1, hz'⟩ := h
+        rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at hz'1
+        subst hz'1
+        rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted]
+        simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_insert,
+          Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding, forall_eq_or_imp, Finset.mem_singleton,
+          not_or, forall_exists_index, and_imp, forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂]
+        apply And.intro
+        · rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)]
+          exact And.intro (Fin.succAbove_ne i z) (fun a => hjz a.symm)
+        · rw [mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted] at hz'
+          exact fun a ha hc => hz'.1 a ha ((Finset.mem_map' (i.succAboveEmb)).mp hc)
+
+lemma insert_some_uncontracted (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    (insert c i (some j)).uncontracted = (c.uncontracted.erase j).map i.succAboveEmb := by
+  ext a
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, mem_uncontracted_insert_some_iff, ne_eq, Finset.map_erase,
+    Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.mem_erase, Finset.mem_map]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    obtain ⟨z, h1, h2, h3⟩ := h
+    subst h1
+    rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)]
+    simp only [h3, not_false_eq_true, true_and]
+    use z
+  · intro h
+    obtain ⟨z, h1, h2⟩ := h.2
+    use z
+    subst h2
+    simp only [true_and]
+    obtain ⟨a, ha1, ha2⟩ := h.2
+    rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at ha2
+    subst ha2
+    simp_all only [true_and]
+    rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at h
+    exact h.1
+
+/-!
+
+## Insert and getDual?
+
+-/
+
+lemma insert_none_getDual?_isNone (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    ((insert c i none).getDual? i).isNone := by
+  have hi : i ∈ (insert c i none).uncontracted := by
+    simp
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, uncontracted, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and] at hi
+  rw [hi]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_succAbove_getDual?_eq_none_iff (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Fin n) :
+    (insert c i none).getDual? (i.succAbove j) = none ↔ c.getDual? j = none := by
+  have h1 := insert_succAbove_mem_uncontracted_iff c i j
+  simpa [uncontracted] using h1
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_succAbove_getDual?_isSome_iff (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Fin n) :
+    ((insert c i none).getDual? (i.succAbove j)).isSome ↔ (c.getDual? j).isSome := by
+  rw [← not_iff_not]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_succAbove_getDual?_get (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Fin n)
+    (h : ((insert c i none).getDual? (i.succAbove j)).isSome) :
+    ((insert c i none).getDual? (i.succAbove j)).get h =
+    i.succAbove ((c.getDual? j).get (by simpa using h)) := by
+  have h1 : (insert c i none).getDual? (i.succAbove j) = some
+      (i.succAbove ((c.getDual? j).get (by simpa using h))) := by
+    rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map,
+      RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    use {j, ((c.getDual? j).get (by simpa using h))}
+    simp only [self_getDual?_get_mem, true_and]
+    rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+    simp
+  exact Option.get_of_mem h h1
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_some_getDual?_eq (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    (insert c i (some j)).getDual? i = some (i.succAbove j) := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp [insert]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_some_getDual?_neq_none (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted)
+    (k : Fin n) (hkj : k ≠ j.1) :
+    (insert c i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k) = none ↔ c.getDual? k = none := by
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    have hk : (i.succAbove k) ∈ (insert c i (some j)).uncontracted := by
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, uncontracted, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
+      exact h
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, mem_uncontracted_insert_some_iff, ne_eq] at hk
+    obtain ⟨z, hz1, hz2, hz3⟩ := hk
+    rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at hz1
+    subst hz1
+    simpa [uncontracted] using hz2
+  · intro h
+    have hk : (i.succAbove k) ∈ (insert c i (some j)).uncontracted := by
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, mem_uncontracted_insert_some_iff, ne_eq]
+      use k
+      simp only [hkj, not_false_eq_true, and_true, true_and]
+      simpa [uncontracted] using h
+    simpa [uncontracted, -mem_uncontracted_insert_some_iff, ne_eq] using hk
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_some_getDual?_neq_isSome (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted)
+    (k : Fin n) (hkj : k ≠ j.1) :
+    ((insert c i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k)).isSome ↔ (c.getDual? k).isSome := by
+  rw [← not_iff_not]
+  simp [hkj]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_some_getDual?_neq_isSome_get (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (j : c.uncontracted) (k : Fin n) (hkj : k ≠ j.1)
+    (h : ((insert c i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k)).isSome) :
+    ((insert c i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k)).get h =
+    i.succAbove ((c.getDual? k).get (by simpa [hkj] using h)) := by
+  have h1 : ((insert c i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k))
+    = some (i.succAbove ((c.getDual? k).get (by simpa [hkj] using h))) := by
+    rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map,
+      RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    apply Or.inr
+    use { k, ((c.getDual? k).get (by simpa [hkj] using h))}
+    simp only [self_getDual?_get_mem, true_and]
+    rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+    simp
+  exact Option.get_of_mem h h1
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_some_getDual?_of_neq (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted)
+    (k : Fin n) (hkj : k ≠ j.1) :
+    (insert c i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k) =
+    Option.map i.succAbove (c.getDual? k) := by
+  by_cases h : (c.getDual? k).isSome
+  · have h1 : (c.insert i (some j)).getDual? (i.succAbove k) =
+        some (i.succAbove ((c.getDual? k).get h)) := by
+      rw [← insert_some_getDual?_neq_isSome_get c i j k hkj]
+      refine Eq.symm (Option.some_get ?_)
+      simpa [hkj] using h
+    rw [h1]
+    have h2 :(c.getDual? k) = some ((c.getDual? k).get h) := by simp
+    conv_rhs => rw [h2]
+    rw [@Option.map_coe']
+  · simp only [Bool.not_eq_true, Option.not_isSome, Option.isNone_iff_eq_none] at h
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, h, Option.map_none']
+    simp only [ne_eq, hkj, not_false_eq_true, insert_some_getDual?_neq_none]
+    exact h
+
+/-!
+
+## Interaction with erase.
+
+-/
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_erase (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted)) :
+    erase (insert c i j) i = c := by
+  refine Subtype.eq ?_
+  simp only [erase, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset]
+  conv_rhs => rw [c.eq_filter_mem_self]
+  refine Finset.filter_inj'.mpr ?_
+  intro a _
+  match j with
+  | none =>
+    simp only [Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro ha
+      obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+      rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply] at ha''
+      simp only [Finset.map_inj] at ha''
+      subst ha''
+      exact ha'
+    · intro ha
+      use a
+      simp only [ha, true_and]
+      rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+  | some j =>
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro ha
+      rcases ha with ha | ha
+      · have hin : ¬ i ∈ Finset.map i.succAboveEmb a := by
+          simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, not_exists,
+            not_and]
+          intro x
+          exact fun a => Fin.succAbove_ne i x
+        refine False.elim (hin ?_)
+        rw [ha]
+        simp
+      · obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+        rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply] at ha''
+        simp only [Finset.map_inj] at ha''
+        subst ha''
+        exact ha'
+    · intro ha
+      apply Or.inr
+      use a
+      simp only [ha, true_and]
+      rw [Finset.mapEmbedding_apply]
+
+lemma insert_getDualErase (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Option c.uncontracted) :
+    (insert c i j).getDualErase i =
+    uncontractedCongr (c := c) (c' := (c.insert i j).erase i) (by simp) j := by
+  match n with
+  | 0 =>
+    simp only [insert, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Nat.reduceAdd, Finset.le_eq_subset, getDualErase]
+    fin_cases j
+    simp
+  | Nat.succ n =>
+  match j with
+  | none =>
+    have hi := insert_none_getDual?_isNone c i
+    simp [getDualErase, hi]
+  | some j =>
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, getDualErase, insert_some_getDual?_eq, Option.isSome_some,
+      ↓reduceDIte, Option.get_some, predAboveI_succAbove, uncontractedCongr_some, Option.some.injEq]
+    rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma erase_insert (c : WickContraction n.succ) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    insert (erase c i) i (getDualErase c i) = c := by
+  match n with
+  | 0 =>
+    apply Subtype.eq
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Nat.reduceAdd, insert, getDualErase, Finset.le_eq_subset]
+    ext a
+    simp only [Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro h
+      simp only [erase, Nat.reduceAdd, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ,
+        true_and] at h
+      obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := h
+      subst ha''
+      exact ha'
+    · intro ha
+      obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := c.mem_not_eq_erase_of_isNone (a := a) i (by simp) ha
+      simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+      obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := ha
+      subst right
+      apply Exists.intro
+      · apply And.intro
+        on_goal 2 => {rfl
+        }
+        · simp_all only
+  | Nat.succ n =>
+  apply Subtype.eq
+  by_cases hi : (c.getDual? i).isSome
+  · rw [insert_of_isSome]
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, getDualErase, hi, ↓reduceDIte, Option.get_some,
+      Finset.le_eq_subset]
+    rw [succsAbove_predAboveI]
+    ext a
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+      intro ha
+      rcases ha with ha | ha
+      · subst ha
+        simp
+      · obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+        subst ha''
+        simpa [erase] using ha'
+    · intro ha
+      simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+      by_cases hia : a = {i, (c.getDual? i).get hi}
+      · subst hia
+        simp
+      · apply Or.inr
+        simp only [erase, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
+        obtain ⟨a', ha'⟩ := c.mem_not_eq_erase_of_isSome (a := a) i hi ha hia
+        use a'
+        simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, true_and]
+        obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := ha'
+        subst right
+        rfl
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ne_eq, self_neq_getDual?_get, not_false_eq_true]
+    exact (getDualErase_isSome_iff_getDual?_isSome c i).mpr hi
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, getDualErase, hi, Bool.false_eq_true, ↓reduceDIte,
+    Finset.le_eq_subset]
+    ext a
+    simp only [Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro h
+      simp only [erase, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and] at h
+      obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := h
+      subst ha''
+      exact ha'
+    · intro ha
+      obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := c.mem_not_eq_erase_of_isNone (a := a) i (by simpa using hi) ha
+      simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Bool.not_eq_true, Option.not_isSome,
+        Option.isNone_iff_eq_none]
+      obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := ha
+      subst right
+      apply Exists.intro
+      · apply And.intro
+        on_goal 2 => {rfl
+        }
+        · simp_all only
+
+/-- Lifts a contraction in `c` to a contraction in `(c.insert i j)`. -/
+def insertLift {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted))
+    (a : c.1) : (c.insert i j).1 := ⟨a.1.map (Fin.succAboveEmb i), by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset]
+  match j with
+  | none =>
+    simp only [Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    use a
+    simp only [a.2, true_and]
+    rfl
+  | some j =>
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map, RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding]
+    apply Or.inr
+    use a
+    simp only [a.2, true_and]
+    rfl⟩
+
+lemma insertLift_injective {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted)) :
+    Function.Injective (insertLift i j) := by
+  intro a b hab
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLift, Subtype.mk.injEq, Finset.map_inj] at hab
+  exact Subtype.eq hab
+
+lemma insertLift_none_surjective {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    Function.Surjective (c.insertLift i none) := by
+  intro a
+  have ha := a.2
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_map,
+    RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding] at ha
+  obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+  use ⟨a', ha'⟩
+  exact Subtype.eq ha''
+
+lemma insertLift_none_bijective {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    Function.Bijective (c.insertLift i none) := by
+  exact ⟨insertLift_injective i none, insertLift_none_surjective i⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_fstFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (j : Option (c.uncontracted)) (a : c.1) : (c.insert i j).fstFieldOfContract (insertLift i j a) =
+      i.succAbove (c.fstFieldOfContract a) := by
+  refine (c.insert i j).eq_fstFieldOfContract_of_mem (a := (insertLift i j a))
+    (i := i.succAbove (c.fstFieldOfContract a)) (j := i.succAbove (c.sndFieldOfContract a)) ?_ ?_ ?_
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLift, Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+    use (c.fstFieldOfContract a)
+    simp
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLift, Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+    use (c.sndFieldOfContract a)
+    simp
+  · refine Fin.succAbove_lt_succAbove_iff.mpr ?_
+    exact fstFieldOfContract_lt_sndFieldOfContract c a
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insert_sndFieldOfContract (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (j : Option (c.uncontracted)) (a : c.1) : (c.insert i j).sndFieldOfContract (insertLift i j a) =
+    i.succAbove (c.sndFieldOfContract a) := by
+  refine (c.insert i j).eq_sndFieldOfContract_of_mem (a := (insertLift i j a))
+    (i := i.succAbove (c.fstFieldOfContract a)) (j := i.succAbove (c.sndFieldOfContract a)) ?_ ?_ ?_
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLift, Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+    use (c.fstFieldOfContract a)
+    simp
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLift, Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+    use (c.sndFieldOfContract a)
+    simp
+  · refine Fin.succAbove_lt_succAbove_iff.mpr ?_
+    exact fstFieldOfContract_lt_sndFieldOfContract c a
+
+/-- Given a contracted pair for a Wick contraction `WickContraction n`, the
+  corresponding contracted pair of a wick contraction `(c.insert i (some j))` formed
+  by inserting an element `i` into the contraction. -/
+def insertLiftSome {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted)
+    (a : Unit ⊕ c.1) : (c.insert i (some j)).1 :=
+  match a with
+  | Sum.inl () => ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by
+    simp [insert]⟩
+  | Sum.inr a => c.insertLift i j a
+
+lemma insertLiftSome_injective {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    Function.Injective (insertLiftSome i j) := by
+  intro a b hab
+  match a, b with
+  | Sum.inl (), Sum.inl () => rfl
+  | Sum.inl (), Sum.inr a =>
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLiftSome, insertLift, Subtype.mk.injEq] at hab
+    rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract] at hab
+    simp only [Finset.map_insert, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton] at hab
+    have hi : i ∈ ({i.succAbove (c.fstFieldOfContract a),
+        i.succAbove (c.sndFieldOfContract a)} : Finset (Fin (n + 1))) := by
+      rw [← hab]
+      simp
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at hi
+    rcases hi with hi | hi
+    · exact False.elim (Fin.ne_succAbove _ _ hi)
+    · exact False.elim (Fin.ne_succAbove _ _ hi)
+  | Sum.inr a, Sum.inl () =>
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLiftSome, insertLift, Subtype.mk.injEq] at hab
+    rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract] at hab
+    simp only [Finset.map_insert, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.map_singleton] at hab
+    have hi : i ∈ ({i.succAbove (c.fstFieldOfContract a),
+        i.succAbove (c.sndFieldOfContract a)} : Finset (Fin (n + 1))) := by
+      rw [hab]
+      simp
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at hi
+    rcases hi with hi | hi
+    · exact False.elim (Fin.ne_succAbove _ _ hi)
+    · exact False.elim (Fin.ne_succAbove _ _ hi)
+  | Sum.inr a, Sum.inr b =>
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLiftSome] at hab
+    simpa using insertLift_injective i (some j) hab
+
+lemma insertLiftSome_surjective {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    Function.Surjective (insertLiftSome i j) := by
+  intro a
+  have ha := a.2
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insert, Finset.le_eq_subset, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map,
+    RelEmbedding.coe_toEmbedding] at ha
+  rcases ha with ha | ha
+  · use Sum.inl ()
+    exact Subtype.eq ha.symm
+  · obtain ⟨a', ha', ha''⟩ := ha
+    use Sum.inr ⟨a', ha'⟩
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertLiftSome, insertLift]
+    exact Subtype.eq ha''
+
+lemma insertLiftSome_bijective {c : WickContraction n} (i : Fin n.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    Function.Bijective (insertLiftSome i j) :=
+  ⟨insertLiftSome_injective i j, insertLiftSome_surjective i j⟩
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/InsertList.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.UncontractedList
+/-!
+
+# Inserting an element into a contraction
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open HepLean.Fin
+
+/-!
+
+## Inserting an element into a list
+
+-/
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `c` associated to a list `φs`,
+  a position `i : Fin n.succ`, an element `φ`, and an optional uncontracted element
+  `j : Option (c.uncontracted)` of `c`.
+  The Wick contraction associated with `(φs.insertIdx i φ).length` formed by 'inserting' `φ`
+  into `φs` after the first `i` elements and contracting it optionally with j. -/
+def insertList (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted)) :
+    WickContraction (φs.insertIdx i φ).length :=
+    congr (by simp) (c.insert i j)
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_fstFieldOfContract (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted))
+    (a : c.1) : (insertList φ φs c i j).fstFieldOfContract
+    (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (insertLift i j a)) =
+    finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove (c.fstFieldOfContract a)) := by
+  simp [insertList]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_sndFieldOfContract (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Option (c.uncontracted))
+    (a : c.1) : (insertList φ φs c i j).sndFieldOfContract
+    (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (insertLift i j a)) =
+    finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove (c.sndFieldOfContract a)) := by
+  simp [insertList]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_fstFieldOfContract_some_incl (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+      (insertList φ φs c i (some j)).fstFieldOfContract
+      (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩) =
+      if i < i.succAbove j.1 then
+      finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i else
+      finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j.1) := by
+  split
+  · rename_i h
+    refine (insertList φ φs c i (some j)).eq_fstFieldOfContract_of_mem
+      (a := congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩)
+      (i := finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) (j :=
+        finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j)) ?_ ?_ ?_
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · rw [Fin.lt_def] at h ⊢
+      simp_all
+  · rename_i h
+    refine (insertList φ φs c i (some j)).eq_fstFieldOfContract_of_mem
+      (a := congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩)
+      (i := finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j))
+      (j := finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) ?_ ?_ ?_
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · rw [Fin.lt_def] at h ⊢
+      simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.val_fin_lt, not_lt, finCongr_apply, Fin.coe_cast]
+      have hi : i.succAbove j ≠ i := by exact Fin.succAbove_ne i j
+      omega
+
+/-!
+
+## insertList and getDual?
+
+-/
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_none_getDual?_self (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) :
+    (insertList φ φs c i none).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) = none := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertList, getDual?_congr, finCongr_apply, Fin.cast_trans,
+    Fin.cast_eq_self, Option.map_eq_none']
+  have h1 := c.insert_none_getDual?_isNone i
+  simpa using h1
+
+lemma insertList_isSome_getDual?_self (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    ((insertList φ φs c i (some j)).getDual?
+    (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i)).isSome := by
+  simp [insertList, getDual?_congr]
+
+lemma insertList_some_getDual?_self_not_none (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    ¬ ((insertList φ φs c i (some j)).getDual?
+    (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i)) = none := by
+  simp [insertList, getDual?_congr]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_some_getDual?_self_eq (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    ((insertList φ φs c i (some j)).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i))
+    = some (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j)) := by
+  simp [insertList, getDual?_congr]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_some_getDual?_some_eq (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    ((insertList φ φs c i (some j)).getDual?
+      (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j)))
+    = some (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) := by
+  rw [getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  rw [@Finset.pair_comm]
+  rw [← getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_none_succAbove_getDual?_eq_none_iff (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Fin φs.length) :
+    (insertList φ φs c i none).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+      (i.succAbove j)) = none ↔ c.getDual? j = none := by
+  simp [insertList, getDual?_congr]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_some_succAbove_getDual?_eq_option (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Fin φs.length)
+    (k : c.uncontracted) (hkj : j ≠ k.1) :
+    (insertList φ φs c i (some k)).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+    (i.succAbove j)) = Option.map (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ∘ i.succAbove)
+    (c.getDual? j) := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertList, getDual?_congr, finCongr_apply, Fin.cast_trans,
+    Fin.cast_eq_self, ne_eq, hkj, not_false_eq_true, insert_some_getDual?_of_neq, Option.map_map]
+  rfl
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_none_succAbove_getDual?_isSome_iff (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Fin φs.length) :
+    ((insertList φ φs c i none).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+      (i.succAbove j))).isSome ↔ (c.getDual? j).isSome := by
+  rw [← not_iff_not]
+  simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_none_getDual?_get_eq (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Fin φs.length)
+    (h : ((insertList φ φs c i none).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+    (i.succAbove j))).isSome) :
+    ((insertList φ φs c i none).getDual? (Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+    (i.succAbove j))).get h = Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+    (i.succAbove ((c.getDual? j).get (by simpa using h))) := by
+  simp [insertList, getDual?_congr_get]
+
+/-........................................... -/
+@[simp]
+lemma insertList_sndFieldOfContract_some_incl (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    (insertList φ φs c i (some j)).sndFieldOfContract
+    (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩) =
+    if i < i.succAbove j.1 then
+    finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j.1) else
+    finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i := by
+  split
+  · rename_i h
+    refine (insertList φ φs c i (some j)).eq_sndFieldOfContract_of_mem
+      (a := congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩)
+      (i := finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) (j :=
+        finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j)) ?_ ?_ ?_
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · rw [Fin.lt_def] at h ⊢
+      simp_all
+  · rename_i h
+    refine (insertList φ φs c i (some j)).eq_sndFieldOfContract_of_mem
+      (a := congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩)
+      (i := finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j))
+      (j := finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) ?_ ?_ ?_
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · simp [congrLift]
+    · rw [Fin.lt_def] at h ⊢
+      simp_all only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.val_fin_lt, not_lt, finCongr_apply, Fin.coe_cast]
+      have hi : i.succAbove j ≠ i := by exact Fin.succAbove_ne i j
+      omega
+
+lemma insertList_none_prod_contractions (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ)
+    (f : (c.insertList φ φs i none).1 → M) [CommMonoid M] :
+    ∏ a, f a = ∏ (a : c.1), f (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+      (insertLift i none a)) := by
+  let e1 := Equiv.ofBijective (c.insertLift i none) (insertLift_none_bijective i)
+  let e2 := Equiv.ofBijective (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm)
+    ((c.insert i none).congrLift_bijective ((insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm))
+  erw [← e2.prod_comp]
+  erw [← e1.prod_comp]
+  rfl
+
+lemma insertList_some_prod_contractions (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted)
+    (f : (c.insertList φ φs i (some j)).1 → M) [CommMonoid M] :
+    ∏ a, f a = f (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm
+      ⟨{i, i.succAbove j}, by simp [insert]⟩) *
+    ∏ (a : c.1), f (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (insertLift i (some j) a)) := by
+  let e2 := Equiv.ofBijective (congrLift (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm)
+    ((c.insert i (some j)).congrLift_bijective ((insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm))
+  erw [← e2.prod_comp]
+  let e1 := Equiv.ofBijective (c.insertLiftSome i j) (insertLiftSome_bijective i j)
+  erw [← e1.prod_comp]
+  rw [Fintype.prod_sum_type]
+  simp only [Finset.univ_unique, PUnit.default_eq_unit, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.prod_singleton,
+    Finset.univ_eq_attach]
+  rfl
+
+/-- Given a finite set of `Fin φs.length` the finite set of `(φs.insertIdx i φ).length`
+  formed by mapping elements using `i.succAboveEmb` and `finCongr`. -/
+def insertListLiftFinset (φ : 𝓕.States) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (a : Finset (Fin φs.length)) :
+    Finset (Fin (φs.insertIdx i φ).length) :=
+    (a.map i.succAboveEmb).map (finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm).toEmbedding
+
+@[simp]
+lemma self_not_mem_insertListLiftFinset (φ : 𝓕.States) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (a : Finset (Fin φs.length)) :
+    Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i ∉ insertListLiftFinset φ i a := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertListLiftFinset, Finset.mem_map_equiv, finCongr_symm,
+    finCongr_apply, Fin.cast_trans, Fin.cast_eq_self]
+  simp only [Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, not_exists, not_and]
+  intro x
+  exact fun a => Fin.succAbove_ne i x
+
+lemma succAbove_mem_insertListLiftFinset (φ : 𝓕.States) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (a : Finset (Fin φs.length)) (j : Fin φs.length) :
+    Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove j) ∈ insertListLiftFinset φ i a ↔
+    j ∈ a := by
+  simp only [insertListLiftFinset, Finset.mem_map_equiv, finCongr_symm, finCongr_apply,
+    Fin.cast_trans, Fin.cast_eq_self]
+  simp only [Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    obtain ⟨x, hx1, hx2⟩ := h
+    rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff (Fin.succAbove_right_injective)] at hx2
+    simp_all
+  · intro h
+    use j
+
+lemma insert_fin_eq_self (φ : 𝓕.States) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : Fin (List.insertIdx i φ φs).length) :
+    j = Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i
+    ∨ ∃ k, j = Fin.cast (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm (i.succAbove k) := by
+  obtain ⟨k, hk⟩ := (finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm).surjective j
+  subst hk
+  by_cases hi : k = i
+  · simp [hi]
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ← Fin.exists_succAbove_eq_iff] at hi
+    obtain ⟨z, hk⟩ := hi
+    subst hk
+    right
+    use z
+    rfl
+
+lemma insertList_uncontractedList_none_map (φ : 𝓕.States) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) :
+    List.map (List.insertIdx (↑i) φ φs).get (insertList φ φs c i none).uncontractedList =
+    List.insertIdx (c.uncontractedListOrderPos i) φ (List.map φs.get c.uncontractedList) := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertList]
+  rw [congr_uncontractedList]
+  erw [uncontractedList_extractEquiv_symm_none]
+  rw [orderedInsert_succAboveEmb_uncontractedList_eq_insertIdx]
+  rw [insertIdx_map, insertIdx_map]
+  congr 1
+  · simp
+  rw [List.map_map, List.map_map]
+  congr
+  conv_rhs => rw [get_eq_insertIdx_succAbove φ φs i]
+  rfl
+
+lemma insertLift_sum (φ : 𝓕.States) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) [AddCommMonoid M] (f : WickContraction (φs.insertIdx i φ).length → M) :
+    ∑ c, f c = ∑ (c : WickContraction φs.length), ∑ (k : Option (c.uncontracted)),
+      f (insertList φ φs c i k) := by
+  rw [sum_extractEquiv_congr (finCongr (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i).symm i) f
+    (insertIdx_length_fin φ φs i)]
+  rfl
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/Involutions.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Uncontracted
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.StateAlgebra.TimeOrder
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.TimeContraction
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.InsertList
+/-!
+
+# Involution associated with a contraction
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-- The involution of `Fin n` associated with a Wick contraction `c : WickContraction n` as follows.
+  If `i : Fin n` is contracted in `c` then it is taken to its dual, otherwise
+  it is taken to itself. -/
+def toInvolution : {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f} :=
+  ⟨fun i => if h : (c.getDual? i).isSome then (c.getDual? i).get h else i, by
+    intro i
+    by_cases h : (c.getDual? i).isSome
+    · simp [h]
+    · simp [h]⟩
+
+/-- The Wick contraction formed by an involution `f` of `Fin n` by taking as the contracted
+  sets of the contraction the orbits of `f` of cardinality `2`. -/
+def fromInvolution (f : {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f}) : WickContraction n :=
+  ⟨Finset.univ.filter (fun a => a.card = 2 ∧ ∃ i, {i, f.1 i} = a), by
+  intro a
+  simp only [Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and, and_imp, forall_exists_index]
+  intro h1 _ _
+  exact h1, by
+  intro a ha b hb
+  simp only [Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and] at ha hb
+  obtain ⟨i, hai⟩ := ha.2
+  subst hai
+  obtain ⟨j, hbj⟩ := hb.2
+  subst hbj
+  by_cases h : i = j
+  · subst h
+    simp
+  · by_cases hi : i = f.1 j
+    · subst hi
+      simp only [Finset.disjoint_insert_right, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton, not_or,
+        Finset.disjoint_singleton_right, true_or, not_true_eq_false, and_false, or_false]
+      rw [f.2]
+      rw [@Finset.pair_comm]
+    · apply Or.inr
+      simp only [Finset.disjoint_insert_right, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton, not_or,
+        Finset.disjoint_singleton_right]
+      apply And.intro
+      · apply And.intro
+        · exact fun a => h a.symm
+        · by_contra hn
+          subst hn
+          rw [f.2 i] at hi
+          simp at hi
+      · apply And.intro
+        · exact fun a => hi a.symm
+        · rw [Function.Injective.eq_iff]
+          exact fun a => h (id (Eq.symm a))
+          exact Function.Involutive.injective f.2⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fromInvolution_getDual?_isSome (f : {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f})
+    (i : Fin n) : ((fromInvolution f).getDual? i).isSome ↔ f.1 i ≠ i := by
+  rw [getDual?_isSome_iff]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := h
+    have ha2 := a.2
+    simp only [fromInvolution, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and] at ha2
+    obtain ⟨j, h⟩ := ha2.2
+    rw [← h] at ha
+    have hj : f.1 j ≠ j := by
+      by_contra hn
+      rw [hn] at h
+      rw [← h] at ha2
+      simp at ha2
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at ha
+    rcases ha with ha | ha
+    · subst ha
+      exact hj
+    · subst ha
+      rw [f.2]
+      exact id (Ne.symm hj)
+  · intro hi
+    use ⟨{i, f.1 i}, by
+      simp only [fromInvolution, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, exists_apply_eq_apply,
+        and_true, true_and]
+      rw [Finset.card_pair (id (Ne.symm hi))]⟩
+    simp
+
+lemma fromInvolution_getDual?_eq_some (f : {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f}) (i : Fin n)
+    (h : ((fromInvolution f).getDual? i).isSome) :
+    ((fromInvolution f).getDual? i) = some (f.1 i) := by
+  rw [@getDual?_eq_some_iff_mem]
+  simp only [fromInvolution, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, exists_apply_eq_apply, and_true,
+    true_and]
+  apply Finset.card_pair
+  simp only [fromInvolution_getDual?_isSome, ne_eq] at h
+  exact fun a => h (id (Eq.symm a))
+
+@[simp]
+lemma fromInvolution_getDual?_get (f : {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f}) (i : Fin n)
+    (h : ((fromInvolution f).getDual? i).isSome) :
+    ((fromInvolution f).getDual? i).get h = (f.1 i) := by
+  have h1 := fromInvolution_getDual?_eq_some f i h
+  exact Option.get_of_mem h h1
+
+lemma toInvolution_fromInvolution : fromInvolution c.toInvolution = c := by
+  apply Subtype.eq
+  simp only [fromInvolution, toInvolution]
+  ext a
+  simp only [Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    obtain ⟨i, hi⟩ := h.2
+    split at hi
+    · subst hi
+      simp
+    · simp only [Finset.mem_singleton, Finset.insert_eq_of_mem] at hi
+      subst hi
+      simp at h
+  · intro ha
+    apply And.intro (c.2.1 a ha)
+    use c.fstFieldOfContract ⟨a, ha⟩
+    simp only [fstFieldOfContract_getDual?, Option.isSome_some, ↓reduceDIte, Option.get_some]
+    change _ = (⟨a, ha⟩ : c.1).1
+    conv_rhs => rw [finset_eq_fstFieldOfContract_sndFieldOfContract]
+
+lemma fromInvolution_toInvolution (f : {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f}) :
+    (fromInvolution f).toInvolution = f := by
+  apply Subtype.eq
+  funext i
+  simp only [toInvolution, ne_eq, dite_not]
+  split
+  · rename_i h
+    simp
+  · rename_i h
+    simp only [fromInvolution_getDual?_isSome, ne_eq, Decidable.not_not] at h
+    exact id (Eq.symm h)
+
+/-- The equivalence btween Wick contractions for `n` and involutions of `Fin n`.
+  The involution of `Fin n` associated with a Wick contraction `c : WickContraction n` as follows.
+  If `i : Fin n` is contracted in `c` then it is taken to its dual, otherwise
+  it is taken to itself. -/
+def equivInvolution : WickContraction n ≃ {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f} where
+  toFun := toInvolution
+  invFun := fromInvolution
+  left_inv := toInvolution_fromInvolution
+  right_inv := fromInvolution_toInvolution
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/IsFull.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.Mathematics.Fin.Involutions
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Involutions
+/-!
+
+# Full contraction
+
+We say that a contraction is full if it has no uncontracted fields.
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open FieldStatistic
+
+/-- A contraction is full if there are no uncontracted fields, i.e. the finite set
+  of uncontracted fields is empty. -/
+def IsFull : Prop := c.uncontracted = ∅
+
+/-- The condition on whether or not a contraction is full is decidable. -/
+instance : Decidable (IsFull c) := decEq c.uncontracted ∅
+
+lemma isFull_iff_equivInvolution_no_fixed_point :
+    IsFull c ↔ ∀ (i : Fin n), (equivInvolution c).1 i ≠ i := by
+  simp only [IsFull, ne_eq]
+  rw [Finset.eq_empty_iff_forall_not_mem]
+  simp [equivInvolution, toInvolution, uncontracted]
+
+/-- The equivalence between full contractions and fixed-point free involutions. -/
+def isFullInvolutionEquiv : {c : WickContraction n // IsFull c} ≃
+    {f : Fin n → Fin n // Function.Involutive f ∧ (∀ i, f i ≠ i)} where
+  toFun c := ⟨equivInvolution c.1, by
+    apply And.intro (equivInvolution c.1).2
+    rw [← isFull_iff_equivInvolution_no_fixed_point]
+    exact c.2⟩
+  invFun f := ⟨equivInvolution.symm ⟨f.1, f.2.1⟩, by
+    rw [isFull_iff_equivInvolution_no_fixed_point]
+    simpa using f.2.2⟩
+  left_inv c := by simp
+  right_inv f := by simp
+
+open Nat
+
+/-- If `n` is even then the number of full contractions is `(n-1)!!`. -/
+theorem card_of_isfull_even (he : Even n) :
+    Fintype.card {c : WickContraction n // IsFull c} = (n - 1)‼ := by
+  rw [Fintype.card_congr (isFullInvolutionEquiv)]
+  exact HepLean.Fin.involutionNoFixed_card_even n he
+
+/-- If `n` is odd then there are no full contractions. This is because
+  there will always be at least one element unpaired. -/
+theorem card_of_isfull_odd (ho : Odd n) :
+    Fintype.card {c : WickContraction n // IsFull c} = 0 := by
+  rw [Fintype.card_congr (isFullInvolutionEquiv)]
+  exact HepLean.Fin.involutionNoFixed_card_odd n ho
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/TimeContract.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Sign
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.OperatorAlgebra.TimeContraction
+/-!
+
+# Time contractions
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+
+/-!
+
+## Time contract.
+
+-/
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `c` associated with a list `φs`, the
+  product of all time-contractions of pairs of contracted elements in `φs`,
+  as a member of the center of `𝓞.A`. -/
+noncomputable def timeContract (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra) {φs : List 𝓕.States}
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) :
+    Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A :=
+  ∏ (a : c.1), ⟨𝓞.timeContract (φs.get (c.fstFieldOfContract a)) (φs.get (c.sndFieldOfContract a)),
+    𝓞.timeContract_mem_center _ _⟩
+
+@[simp]
+lemma timeContract_insertList_none (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra) (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) :
+    (c.insertList φ φs i none).timeContract 𝓞 = c.timeContract 𝓞 := by
+  rw [timeContract, insertList_none_prod_contractions]
+  congr
+  ext a
+  simp
+
+lemma timeConract_insertList_some (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra) (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (j : c.uncontracted) :
+    (c.insertList φ φs i (some j)).timeContract 𝓞 =
+    (if i < i.succAbove j then
+      ⟨𝓞.timeContract φ φs[j.1], 𝓞.timeContract_mem_center _ _⟩
+    else ⟨𝓞.timeContract φs[j.1] φ, 𝓞.timeContract_mem_center _ _⟩) * c.timeContract 𝓞 := by
+  rw [timeContract, insertList_some_prod_contractions]
+  congr 1
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertList_fstFieldOfContract_some_incl, finCongr_apply,
+    List.get_eq_getElem, insertList_sndFieldOfContract_some_incl, Fin.getElem_fin]
+    split
+    · simp
+    · simp
+  · congr
+    ext a
+    simp
+
+open FieldStatistic
+
+lemma timeConract_insertList_some_eq_mul_contractStateAtIndex_lt
+    (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra) (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (k : c.uncontracted)
+    (ht : 𝓕.timeOrderRel φ φs[k.1]) (hik : i < i.succAbove k) :
+    (c.insertList φ φs i (some k)).timeContract 𝓞 =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (c.uncontracted.filter (fun x => x < k))⟩)
+    • (𝓞.contractStateAtIndex φ (List.map φs.get c.uncontractedList)
+    ((uncontractedStatesEquiv φs c) (some k)) * c.timeContract 𝓞) := by
+  rw [timeConract_insertList_some]
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.getElem_fin, ite_mul, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+    OperatorAlgebra.contractStateAtIndex, uncontractedStatesEquiv, Equiv.optionCongr_apply,
+    Equiv.coe_trans, Option.map_some', Function.comp_apply, finCongr_apply, Fin.coe_cast,
+    List.getElem_map, uncontractedList_getElem_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm, List.get_eq_getElem,
+    Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  · simp only [hik, ↓reduceIte, MulMemClass.coe_mul]
+    rw [𝓞.timeContract_of_timeOrderRel]
+    trans (1 : ℂ) • (𝓞.crAnF ((CrAnAlgebra.superCommute
+      (CrAnAlgebra.anPart (StateAlgebra.ofState φ))) (CrAnAlgebra.ofState φs[k.1])) *
+      ↑(timeContract 𝓞 c))
+    · simp
+    simp only [smul_smul]
+    congr
+    have h1 : ofList 𝓕.statesStatistic (List.take (↑(c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm k))
+        (List.map φs.get c.uncontractedList))
+        = (𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (Finset.filter (fun x => x < k) c.uncontracted)⟩) := by
+      simp only [ofFinset]
+      congr
+      rw [← List.map_take]
+      congr
+      rw [take_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm]
+      rw [filter_uncontractedList]
+    rw [h1]
+    simp only [exchangeSign_mul_self]
+    · exact ht
+
+lemma timeConract_insertList_some_eq_mul_contractStateAtIndex_not_lt
+    (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra) (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (k : c.uncontracted)
+    (ht : ¬ 𝓕.timeOrderRel φs[k.1] φ) (hik : ¬ i < i.succAbove k) :
+    (c.insertList φ φs i (some k)).timeContract 𝓞 =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (c.uncontracted.filter (fun x => x ≤ k))⟩)
+    • (𝓞.contractStateAtIndex φ (List.map φs.get c.uncontractedList)
+    ((uncontractedStatesEquiv φs c) (some k)) * c.timeContract 𝓞) := by
+  rw [timeConract_insertList_some]
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.getElem_fin, ite_mul, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+    OperatorAlgebra.contractStateAtIndex, uncontractedStatesEquiv, Equiv.optionCongr_apply,
+    Equiv.coe_trans, Option.map_some', Function.comp_apply, finCongr_apply, Fin.coe_cast,
+    List.getElem_map, uncontractedList_getElem_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm, List.get_eq_getElem,
+    Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  simp only [hik, ↓reduceIte, MulMemClass.coe_mul]
+  rw [𝓞.timeContract_of_not_timeOrderRel, 𝓞.timeContract_of_timeOrderRel]
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_smul]
+  congr
+  have h1 : ofList 𝓕.statesStatistic (List.take (↑(c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm k))
+      (List.map φs.get c.uncontractedList))
+      = (𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (Finset.filter (fun x => x < k) c.uncontracted)⟩) := by
+    simp only [ofFinset]
+    congr
+    rw [← List.map_take]
+    congr
+    rw [take_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm, filter_uncontractedList]
+  rw [h1]
+  trans 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, {k.1}⟩)
+  · rw [exchangeSign_symm, ofFinset_singleton]
+    simp
+  rw [← map_mul]
+  congr
+  rw [ofFinset_union]
+  congr
+  ext a
+  simp only [Finset.mem_singleton, Finset.mem_sdiff, Finset.mem_union, Finset.mem_filter,
+    Finset.mem_inter, not_and, not_lt, and_imp]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h
+    subst h
+    simp
+  · intro h
+    have h1 := h.1
+    rcases h1 with h1 | h1
+    · have h2' := h.2 h1.1 h1.2 h1.1
+      omega
+    · have h2' := h.2 h1.1 (by omega) h1.1
+      omega
+  have ht := IsTotal.total (r := timeOrderRel) φs[k.1] φ
+  simp_all only [Fin.getElem_fin, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, not_lt, false_or]
+  exact ht
+
+lemma timeContract_of_not_gradingCompliant (𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (h : ¬ GradingCompliant φs c) :
+    c.timeContract 𝓞 = 0 := by
+  rw [timeContract]
+  simp only [GradingCompliant, Fin.getElem_fin, Subtype.forall, not_forall] at h
+  obtain ⟨a, ha⟩ := h
+  obtain ⟨ha, ha2⟩ := ha
+  apply Finset.prod_eq_zero (i := ⟨a, ha⟩)
+  simp only [Finset.univ_eq_attach, Finset.mem_attach]
+  apply Subtype.eq
+  simp only [List.get_eq_getElem, ZeroMemClass.coe_zero]
+  rw [OperatorAlgebra.timeContract_zero_of_diff_grade]
+  simp [ha2]
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/Uncontracted.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.Basic
+/-!
+
+# Uncontracted elements
+
+-/
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction, the finset of elements of `Fin n` which are not contracted. -/
+def uncontracted : Finset (Fin n) := Finset.filter (fun i => c.getDual? i = none) (Finset.univ)
+
+lemma congr_uncontracted {n m : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n) (h : n = m) :
+    (c.congr h).uncontracted = Finset.map (finCongr h).toEmbedding c.uncontracted := by
+  subst h
+  simp
+
+/-- The equivalence of `Option c.uncontracted` for two propositionally equal Wick contractions. -/
+def uncontractedCongr {c c': WickContraction n} (h : c = c') :
+    Option c.uncontracted ≃ Option c'.uncontracted :=
+    Equiv.optionCongr (Equiv.subtypeEquivRight (by rw [h]; simp))
+
+@[simp]
+lemma uncontractedCongr_none {c c': WickContraction n} (h : c = c') :
+    (uncontractedCongr h) none = none := by
+  simp [uncontractedCongr]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma uncontractedCongr_some {c c': WickContraction n} (h : c = c') (i : c.uncontracted) :
+    (uncontractedCongr h) (some i) = some (Equiv.subtypeEquivRight (by rw [h]; simp) i) := by
+  simp [uncontractedCongr]
+
+lemma mem_uncontracted_iff_not_contracted (i : Fin n) :
+    i ∈ c.uncontracted ↔ ∀ p ∈ c.1, i ∉ p := by
+  simp only [uncontracted, getDual?, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro h p hp
+    have hp := c.2.1 p hp
+    rw [Finset.card_eq_two] at hp
+    obtain ⟨a, b, ha, hb, hab⟩ := hp
+    rw [Fin.find_eq_none_iff] at h
+    by_contra hn
+    simp only [Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_singleton] at hn
+    rcases hn with hn | hn
+    · subst hn
+      exact h b hp
+    · subst hn
+      rw [Finset.pair_comm] at hp
+      exact h a hp
+  · intro h
+    rw [Fin.find_eq_none_iff]
+    by_contra hn
+    simp only [not_forall, Decidable.not_not] at hn
+    obtain ⟨j, hj⟩ := hn
+    apply h {i, j} hj
+    simp
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WickContraction/UncontractedList.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.ExtractEquiv
+/-!
+
+# List of uncontracted elements
+
+-/
+
+open FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct}
+
+namespace WickContraction
+variable {n : ℕ} (c : WickContraction n)
+open HepLean.List
+open HepLean.Fin
+
+/-!
+
+## Some properties of lists of fin
+
+-/
+
+lemma fin_list_sorted_monotone_sorted {n m : ℕ} (l: List (Fin n)) (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·))
+    (f : Fin n → Fin m) (hf : StrictMono f) : ((List.map f l)).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+  induction l with
+  | nil => simp
+  | cons a l ih =>
+    simp only [List.map_cons, List.sorted_cons, List.mem_map, forall_exists_index, and_imp,
+      forall_apply_eq_imp_iff₂]
+    apply And.intro
+    · simp only [List.sorted_cons] at hl
+      intro b hb
+      have hl1 := hl.1 b hb
+      exact (StrictMono.le_iff_le hf).mpr hl1
+    · simp only [List.sorted_cons] at hl
+      exact ih hl.2
+
+lemma fin_list_sorted_succAboveEmb_sorted (l: List (Fin n)) (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·))
+    (i : Fin n.succ) : ((List.map i.succAboveEmb l)).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+  apply fin_list_sorted_monotone_sorted
+  exact hl
+  simp only [Fin.coe_succAboveEmb]
+  exact Fin.strictMono_succAbove i
+
+lemma fin_list_sorted_split :
+    (l : List (Fin n)) → (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·)) → (i : ℕ) →
+    l = l.filter (fun x => x.1 < i) ++ l.filter (fun x => i ≤ x.1)
+  | [], _, _ => by simp
+  | a :: l, hl, i => by
+    simp only [List.sorted_cons] at hl
+    by_cases ha : a < i
+    · conv_lhs => rw [fin_list_sorted_split l hl.2 i]
+      rw [← List.cons_append]
+      rw [List.filter_cons_of_pos, List.filter_cons_of_neg]
+      simp only [decide_eq_true_eq, not_le, ha]
+      simp [ha]
+    · have hx : List.filter (fun x => decide (x.1 < i)) (a :: l) = [] := by
+        simp only [ha, decide_false, Bool.false_eq_true, not_false_eq_true, List.filter_cons_of_neg,
+          List.filter_eq_nil_iff, decide_eq_true_eq, not_lt]
+        intro b hb
+        have hb' := hl.1 b hb
+        omega
+      simp only [hx, List.nil_append]
+      rw [List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+      simp only [List.cons.injEq, true_and]
+      have hl' := fin_list_sorted_split l hl.2 i
+      have hx : List.filter (fun x => decide (x.1 < i)) (l) = [] := by
+        simp only [List.filter_eq_nil_iff, decide_eq_true_eq, not_lt]
+        intro b hb
+        have hb' := hl.1 b hb
+        omega
+      simp only [hx, List.nil_append] at hl'
+      conv_lhs => rw [hl']
+      simp only [decide_eq_true_eq]
+      omega
+
+lemma fin_list_sorted_indexOf_filter_le_mem :
+    (l : List (Fin n)) → (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·)) → (i : Fin n) →
+    (hl : i ∈ l) →
+    List.indexOf i (List.filter (fun x => decide (↑i ≤ ↑x)) l) = 0
+  | [], _, _, _ => by simp
+  | a :: l, hl, i, hi => by
+    simp only [List.sorted_cons] at hl
+    by_cases ha : i ≤ a
+    · simp only [ha, decide_true, List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+      have ha : a = i := by
+        simp only [List.mem_cons] at hi
+        rcases hi with hi | hi
+        · subst hi
+          rfl
+        · have hl' := hl.1 i hi
+          exact Fin.le_antisymm hl' ha
+      subst ha
+      simp
+    · simp only [not_le] at ha
+      rw [List.filter_cons_of_neg (by simpa using ha)]
+      rw [fin_list_sorted_indexOf_filter_le_mem l hl.2]
+      simp only [List.mem_cons] at hi
+      rcases hi with hi | hi
+      · omega
+      · exact hi
+
+lemma fin_list_sorted_indexOf_mem :
+    (l : List (Fin n)) → (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·)) → (i : Fin n) →
+    (hi : i ∈ l) →
+    l.indexOf i = (l.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)).length := by
+  intro l hl i hi
+  conv_lhs => rw [fin_list_sorted_split l hl i]
+  rw [List.indexOf_append_of_not_mem]
+  erw [fin_list_sorted_indexOf_filter_le_mem l hl i hi]
+  · simp
+  · simp
+
+lemma orderedInsert_of_fin_list_sorted :
+    (l : List (Fin n)) → (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·)) → (i : Fin n) →
+    List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i l = l.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1) ++
+    i :: l.filter (fun x => i.1 ≤ x.1)
+  | [], _, _ => by simp
+  | a :: l, hl, i => by
+    simp only [List.sorted_cons] at hl
+    by_cases ha : i ≤ a
+    · simp only [List.orderedInsert, ha, ↓reduceIte, Fin.val_fin_lt, decide_eq_true_eq, not_lt,
+      List.filter_cons_of_neg, Fin.val_fin_le, decide_true, List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+      have h1 : List.filter (fun x => decide (↑x < ↑i)) l = [] := by
+        simp only [List.filter_eq_nil_iff, decide_eq_true_eq, not_lt]
+        intro a ha
+        have ha' := hl.1 a ha
+        omega
+      have hl : l = List.filter (fun x => decide (i ≤ x)) l := by
+        conv_lhs => rw [fin_list_sorted_split l hl.2 i]
+        simp [h1]
+      simp [← hl, h1]
+    · simp only [List.orderedInsert, ha, ↓reduceIte, Fin.val_fin_lt, Fin.val_fin_le, decide_false,
+      Bool.false_eq_true, not_false_eq_true, List.filter_cons_of_neg]
+      rw [List.filter_cons_of_pos]
+      rw [orderedInsert_of_fin_list_sorted l hl.2 i]
+      simp only [Fin.val_fin_lt, Fin.val_fin_le, List.cons_append]
+      simp only [decide_eq_true_eq]
+      omega
+
+lemma orderedInsert_eq_insertIdx_of_fin_list_sorted (l : List (Fin n)) (hl : l.Sorted (· ≤ ·))
+    (i : Fin n) :
+    List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i l = l.insertIdx (l.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)).length i := by
+  let n : Fin l.length.succ := ⟨(List.filter (fun x => decide (x < i)) l).length, by
+    have h1 := l.length_filter_le (fun x => x.1 < i.1)
+    simp only [Fin.val_fin_lt] at h1
+    omega⟩
+  simp only [Fin.val_fin_lt]
+  conv_rhs => rw [insertIdx_eq_take_drop _ _ n]
+  rw [orderedInsert_of_fin_list_sorted]
+  congr
+  · conv_rhs =>
+      rhs
+      rw [fin_list_sorted_split l hl i]
+    simp [n]
+  · conv_rhs =>
+      rhs
+      rw [fin_list_sorted_split l hl i]
+    simp [n]
+  exact hl
+
+/-!
+
+## Uncontracted List
+
+-/
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `c`, the ordered list of elements of `Fin n` which are not contracted,
+  i.e. do not appera anywhere in `c.1`. -/
+def uncontractedList : List (Fin n) := List.filter (fun x => x ∈ c.uncontracted) (List.finRange n)
+
+lemma uncontractedList_mem_iff (i : Fin n) :
+    i ∈ c.uncontractedList ↔ i ∈ c.uncontracted := by
+  simp [uncontractedList]
+
+@[simp]
+lemma nil_zero_uncontractedList : (empty (n := 0)).uncontractedList = [] := by
+  simp [empty, uncontractedList]
+
+lemma congr_uncontractedList {n m : ℕ} (h : n = m) (c : WickContraction n) :
+    ((congr h) c).uncontractedList = List.map (finCongr h) c.uncontractedList := by
+  subst h
+  simp [congr]
+
+lemma uncontractedList_get_mem_uncontracted (i : Fin c.uncontractedList.length) :
+    c.uncontractedList.get i ∈ c.uncontracted := by
+  rw [← uncontractedList_mem_iff]
+  simp
+
+lemma uncontractedList_sorted : List.Sorted (· ≤ ·) c.uncontractedList := by
+  rw [uncontractedList]
+  apply List.Sorted.filter
+  rw [← List.ofFn_id]
+  exact Monotone.ofFn_sorted fun ⦃a b⦄ a => a
+
+lemma uncontractedList_nodup : c.uncontractedList.Nodup := by
+  rw [uncontractedList]
+  refine List.Nodup.filter (fun x => decide (x ∈ c.uncontracted)) ?_
+  exact List.nodup_finRange n
+
+lemma uncontractedList_toFinset (c : WickContraction n) :
+    c.uncontractedList.toFinset = c.uncontracted := by
+  simp [uncontractedList]
+
+lemma uncontractedList_eq_sort (c : WickContraction n) :
+    c.uncontractedList = c.uncontracted.sort (· ≤ ·) := by
+  symm
+  rw [← uncontractedList_toFinset]
+  refine (List.toFinset_sort (α := Fin n) (· ≤ ·) ?_).mpr ?_
+  · exact uncontractedList_nodup c
+  · exact uncontractedList_sorted c
+
+lemma uncontractedList_length_eq_card (c : WickContraction n) :
+    c.uncontractedList.length = c.uncontracted.card := by
+  rw [uncontractedList_eq_sort]
+  exact Finset.length_sort fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_sorted (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    ((List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+  apply fin_list_sorted_succAboveEmb_sorted
+  exact uncontractedList_sorted c
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_nodup (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    ((List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)).Nodup := by
+  refine List.Nodup.map ?_ ?_
+  · exact Function.Embedding.injective i.succAboveEmb
+  · exact uncontractedList_nodup c
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_toFinset (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList).toFinset =
+    (Finset.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontracted) := by
+  ext a
+  simp only [Fin.coe_succAboveEmb, List.mem_toFinset, List.mem_map, Finset.mem_map,
+    Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+  rw [← c.uncontractedList_toFinset]
+  simp
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eq_sort(c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList) =
+    (c.uncontracted.map i.succAboveEmb).sort (· ≤ ·) := by
+  rw [← uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_toFinset]
+  symm
+  refine (List.toFinset_sort (α := Fin n.succ) (· ≤ ·) ?_).mpr ?_
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_nodup c i
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_sorted c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_sorted (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (k: ℕ) : ((List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList).eraseIdx k).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+  apply HepLean.List.eraseIdx_sorted
+  exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_sorted c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_nodup (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) (k: ℕ) :
+    ((List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList).eraseIdx k).Nodup := by
+  refine List.Nodup.eraseIdx k ?_
+  exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_nodup c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_toFinset (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (k : ℕ) (hk : k < c.uncontractedList.length) :
+    ((List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList).eraseIdx k).toFinset =
+    (c.uncontracted.map i.succAboveEmb).erase (i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList[k]) := by
+  ext a
+  simp only [Fin.coe_succAboveEmb, List.mem_toFinset, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply, Finset.mem_erase,
+    ne_eq, Finset.mem_map]
+  rw [mem_eraseIdx_nodup _ _ _ (by simpa using hk)]
+  simp_all only [List.mem_map, List.getElem_map, ne_eq]
+  apply Iff.intro
+  · intro a_1
+    simp_all only [not_false_eq_true, true_and]
+    obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := a_1
+    obtain ⟨w, h⟩ := left
+    obtain ⟨left, right_1⟩ := h
+    subst right_1
+    use w
+    simp_all [uncontractedList]
+  · intro a_1
+    simp_all only [not_false_eq_true, and_true]
+    obtain ⟨left, right⟩ := a_1
+    obtain ⟨w, h⟩ := right
+    obtain ⟨left_1, right⟩ := h
+    subst right
+    use w
+    simp_all [uncontractedList]
+  exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_nodup c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_eq_sort (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (k : ℕ) (hk : k < c.uncontractedList.length) :
+    ((List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList).eraseIdx k) =
+    ((c.uncontracted.map i.succAboveEmb).erase
+    (i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList[k])).sort (· ≤ ·) := by
+  rw [← uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_toFinset]
+  symm
+  refine (List.toFinset_sort (α := Fin n.succ) (· ≤ ·) ?_).mpr ?_
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_nodup c i k
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_sorted c i k
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_sorted (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i
+      (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+  refine List.Sorted.orderedInsert i (List.map (⇑i.succAboveEmb) c.uncontractedList) ?_
+  exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_sorted c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_nodup (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)).Nodup := by
+  have h1 : (List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)).Perm
+    (i :: List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList) := by
+    exact List.perm_orderedInsert (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) i _
+  apply List.Perm.nodup h1.symm
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.nodup_cons, List.mem_map, not_exists,
+    not_and]
+  apply And.intro
+  · intro x _
+    exact Fin.succAbove_ne i x
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_nodup c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_toFinset (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)).toFinset =
+    (Insert.insert i (Finset.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontracted)) := by
+  ext a
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.coe_succAboveEmb, List.mem_toFinset, List.mem_orderedInsert,
+    List.mem_map, Finset.mem_insert, Finset.mem_map, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+  rw [← uncontractedList_toFinset]
+  simp
+
+lemma uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_eq_sort (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)) =
+    (Insert.insert i (Finset.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontracted)).sort (· ≤ ·) := by
+  rw [← uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_toFinset]
+  symm
+  refine (List.toFinset_sort (α := Fin n.succ) (· ≤ ·) ?_).mpr ?_
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_nodup c i
+  · exact uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_sorted c i
+
+lemma uncontractedList_extractEquiv_symm_none (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    ((extractEquiv i).symm ⟨c, none⟩).uncontractedList =
+    List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList) := by
+  rw [uncontractedList_eq_sort, extractEquiv_symm_none_uncontracted]
+  rw [uncontractedList_succAbove_orderedInsert_eq_sort]
+
+/-- Given a Wick contraction `c : WickContraction n` and a `Fin n.succ`, the number of elements
+  of `c.uncontractedList` which are less then `i`.
+  Suppose we want to insert into `c` at position `i`, then this is the position we would
+  need to insert into `c.uncontractedList`. -/
+def uncontractedListOrderPos (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) : ℕ :=
+  (List.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1) c.uncontractedList).length
+
+@[simp]
+lemma uncontractedListOrderPos_lt_length_add_one (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    c.uncontractedListOrderPos i < c.uncontractedList.length + 1 := by
+  simp only [uncontractedListOrderPos, Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+  have h1 := c.uncontractedList.length_filter_le (fun x => x.1 < i.1)
+  omega
+
+lemma take_uncontractedListOrderPos_eq_filter (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (c.uncontractedList.take (c.uncontractedListOrderPos i)) =
+    c.uncontractedList.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1) := by
+  nth_rewrite 1 [fin_list_sorted_split c.uncontractedList _ i]
+  simp only [uncontractedListOrderPos, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, List.take_left']
+  exact uncontractedList_sorted c
+
+lemma take_uncontractedListOrderPos_eq_filter_sort (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (c.uncontractedList.take (c.uncontractedListOrderPos i)) =
+    (c.uncontracted.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)).sort (· ≤ ·) := by
+  rw [take_uncontractedListOrderPos_eq_filter]
+  have h1 : (c.uncontractedList.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+    apply List.Sorted.filter
+    exact uncontractedList_sorted c
+  have h2 : (c.uncontractedList.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)).Nodup := by
+    refine List.Nodup.filter _ ?_
+    exact uncontractedList_nodup c
+  have h3 : (c.uncontractedList.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)).toFinset =
+    (c.uncontracted.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1)) := by
+    rw [uncontractedList_eq_sort]
+    simp
+  rw [← h3]
+  exact ((List.toFinset_sort (α := Fin n) (· ≤ ·) h2).mpr h1).symm
+
+lemma orderedInsert_succAboveEmb_uncontractedList_eq_insertIdx (c : WickContraction n)
+    (i : Fin n.succ) :
+    (List.orderedInsert (· ≤ ·) i (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList)) =
+    (List.map i.succAboveEmb c.uncontractedList).insertIdx (uncontractedListOrderPos c i) i := by
+  rw [orderedInsert_eq_insertIdx_of_fin_list_sorted]
+  swap
+  exact uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_sorted c i
+  congr 1
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.val_fin_lt, Fin.coe_succAboveEmb, uncontractedListOrderPos]
+  rw [List.filter_map]
+  simp only [List.length_map]
+  congr
+  funext x
+  simp only [Function.comp_apply, Fin.succAbove, decide_eq_decide]
+  split
+  simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_castSucc]
+  rename_i h
+  simp_all only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_castSucc, not_lt, Fin.val_succ]
+  omega
+
+/-- The equivalence between the positions of `c.uncontractedList` i.e. elements of
+  `Fin (c.uncontractedList).length` and the finite set `c.uncontracted` considered as a finite type.
+-/
+def uncontractedFinEquiv (c : WickContraction n) :
+    Fin (c.uncontractedList).length ≃ c.uncontracted where
+  toFun i := ⟨c.uncontractedList.get i, c.uncontractedList_get_mem_uncontracted i⟩
+  invFun i := ⟨List.indexOf i.1 c.uncontractedList,
+    List.indexOf_lt_length.mpr ((c.uncontractedList_mem_iff i.1).mpr i.2)⟩
+  left_inv i := by
+    ext
+    exact List.get_indexOf (uncontractedList_nodup c) _
+  right_inv i := by
+    ext
+    simp
+
+@[simp]
+lemma uncontractedList_getElem_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm (k : c.uncontracted) :
+    c.uncontractedList[(c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm k).val] = k := by
+  simp [uncontractedFinEquiv]
+
+lemma uncontractedFinEquiv_symm_eq_filter_length (k : c.uncontracted) :
+    (c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm k).val =
+    (List.filter (fun i => i < k.val) c.uncontractedList).length := by
+  simp only [uncontractedFinEquiv, List.get_eq_getElem, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk]
+  rw [fin_list_sorted_indexOf_mem]
+  · simp
+  · exact uncontractedList_sorted c
+  · rw [uncontractedList_mem_iff]
+    exact k.2
+
+lemma take_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm (k : c.uncontracted) :
+    c.uncontractedList.take (c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm k).val =
+    c.uncontractedList.filter (fun i => i < k.val) := by
+  have hl := fin_list_sorted_split c.uncontractedList (uncontractedList_sorted c) k.val
+  conv_lhs =>
+    rhs
+    rw [hl]
+  rw [uncontractedFinEquiv_symm_eq_filter_length]
+  simp
+
+/-- The equivalence between the type `Option c.uncontracted` for `WickContraction φs.length` and
+  `Option (Fin (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get).length)`, that is optional positions of
+  `c.uncontractedList.map φs.get` induced by `uncontractedFinEquiv`. -/
+def uncontractedStatesEquiv (φs : List 𝓕.States) (c : WickContraction φs.length) :
+    Option c.uncontracted ≃ Option (Fin (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get).length) :=
+  Equiv.optionCongr (c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm.trans (finCongr (by simp)))
+
+@[simp]
+lemma uncontractedStatesEquiv_none (φs : List 𝓕.States) (c : WickContraction φs.length) :
+    (uncontractedStatesEquiv φs c).toFun none = none := by
+  simp [uncontractedStatesEquiv]
+
+lemma uncontractedStatesEquiv_list_sum [AddCommMonoid α] (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (f : Option (Fin (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get).length) → α) :
+    ∑ (i : Option (Fin (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get).length)), f i =
+    ∑ (i : Option c.uncontracted), f (c.uncontractedStatesEquiv φs i) := by
+  rw [(c.uncontractedStatesEquiv φs).sum_comp]
+
+lemma uncontractedList_extractEquiv_symm_some (c : WickContraction n) (i : Fin n.succ)
+    (k : c.uncontracted) : ((extractEquiv i).symm ⟨c, some k⟩).uncontractedList =
+    ((c.uncontractedList).map i.succAboveEmb).eraseIdx (c.uncontractedFinEquiv.symm k) := by
+  rw [uncontractedList_eq_sort]
+  rw [uncontractedList_succAboveEmb_eraseIdx_eq_sort]
+  swap
+  simp only [Fin.is_lt]
+  congr
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, extractEquiv, Equiv.coe_fn_symm_mk,
+    uncontractedList_getElem_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm, Fin.succAboveEmb_apply]
+  rw [insert_some_uncontracted]
+  ext a
+  simp
+
+lemma filter_uncontractedList (c : WickContraction n) (p : Fin n → Prop) [DecidablePred p] :
+    (c.uncontractedList.filter p) = (c.uncontracted.filter p).sort (· ≤ ·) := by
+  have h1 : (c.uncontractedList.filter p).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+    apply List.Sorted.filter
+    exact uncontractedList_sorted c
+  have h2 : (c.uncontractedList.filter p).Nodup := by
+    refine List.Nodup.filter _ ?_
+    exact uncontractedList_nodup c
+  have h3 : (c.uncontractedList.filter p).toFinset = (c.uncontracted.filter p) := by
+    ext a
+    simp only [List.toFinset_filter, decide_eq_true_eq, Finset.mem_filter, List.mem_toFinset,
+      and_congr_left_iff]
+    rw [uncontractedList_mem_iff]
+    simp
+  have hx := (List.toFinset_sort (· ≤ ·) h2).mpr h1
+  rw [← hx, h3]
+
+end WickContraction

HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WicksTheorem.lean

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+/-
+Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
+Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
+Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
+-/
+import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.WickContraction.TimeContract
+/-!
+
+# Wick's theorem
+
+This file contrains the time-dependent version of Wick's theorem
+for lists of fields containing both fermions and bosons.
+
+Wick's theorem is related to Isserlis' theorem in mathematics.
+
+-/
+
+namespace FieldStruct
+variable {𝓕 : FieldStruct} {𝓞 : 𝓕.OperatorAlgebra}
+open CrAnAlgebra
+open StateAlgebra
+open OperatorAlgebra
+open HepLean.List
+open WickContraction
+open FieldStatistic
+
+lemma insertList_none_normalOrder (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (c : WickContraction φs.length) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (List.map (φs.insertIdx i φ).get
+      (c.insertList φ φs i none).uncontractedList)))
+    = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, c.uncontracted.filter (fun x => i.succAbove x < i)⟩) •
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (optionEraseZ (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get) φ none))) := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, instCommGroup.eq_1, optionEraseZ]
+  rw [crAnF_ofState_normalOrder_insert φ (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get)
+    ⟨(c.uncontractedListOrderPos i), by simp⟩, smul_smul]
+  trans (1 : ℂ) • 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList
+    (List.map (List.insertIdx (↑i) φ φs).get (insertList φ φs c i none).uncontractedList)))
+  · simp
+  congr 1
+  simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1]
+  rw [← List.map_take, take_uncontractedListOrderPos_eq_filter]
+  have h1 : (𝓕 |>ₛ List.map φs.get (List.filter (fun x => decide (↑x < i.1)) c.uncontractedList))
+        = 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (c.uncontracted.filter (fun x => x.val < i.1))⟩ := by
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, ofFinset]
+      congr
+      rw [uncontractedList_eq_sort]
+      have hdup : (List.filter (fun x => decide (x.1 < i.1))
+          (Finset.sort (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) c.uncontracted)).Nodup := by
+        exact List.Nodup.filter _ (Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) c.uncontracted)
+      have hsort : (List.filter (fun x => decide (x.1 < i.1))
+          (Finset.sort (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) c.uncontracted)).Sorted (· ≤ ·) := by
+        exact List.Sorted.filter _ (Finset.sort_sorted (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2) c.uncontracted)
+      rw [← (List.toFinset_sort (· ≤ ·) hdup).mpr hsort]
+      congr
+      ext a
+      simp
+  rw [h1]
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+  have h2 : (Finset.filter (fun x => x.1 < i.1) c.uncontracted) =
+    (Finset.filter (fun x => i.succAbove x < i) c.uncontracted) := by
+    ext a
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Finset.mem_filter, and_congr_right_iff]
+    intro ha
+    simp only [Fin.succAbove]
+    split
+    · apply Iff.intro
+      · intro h
+        omega
+      · intro h
+        rename_i h
+        rw [Fin.lt_def] at h
+        simp only [Fin.coe_castSucc] at h
+        omega
+    · apply Iff.intro
+      · intro h
+        rename_i h'
+        rw [Fin.lt_def]
+        simp only [Fin.val_succ]
+        rw [Fin.lt_def] at h'
+        simp only [Fin.coe_castSucc, not_lt] at h'
+        omega
+      · intro h
+        rename_i h
+        rw [Fin.lt_def] at h
+        simp only [Fin.val_succ] at h
+        omega
+  rw [h2]
+  simp only [exchangeSign_mul_self]
+  congr
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one]
+  rw [insertList_uncontractedList_none_map]
+
+lemma insertList_some_normalOrder (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (c : WickContraction φs.length) (k : c.uncontracted) :
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (List.map (φs.insertIdx i φ).get
+    (c.insertList φ φs i (some k)).uncontractedList)))
+    = 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (optionEraseZ (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get) φ
+    ((uncontractedStatesEquiv φs c) k)))) := by
+  simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, insertList, optionEraseZ, uncontractedStatesEquiv,
+    Equiv.optionCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_trans, Option.map_some', Function.comp_apply, finCongr_apply,
+    Fin.coe_cast]
+  congr
+  rw [congr_uncontractedList]
+  erw [uncontractedList_extractEquiv_symm_some]
+  simp only [Fin.coe_succAboveEmb, List.map_eraseIdx, List.map_map]
+  congr
+  conv_rhs => rw [get_eq_insertIdx_succAbove φ φs i]
+
+lemma sign_timeContract_normalOrder_insertList_none (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (c : WickContraction φs.length) :
+    (c.insertList φ φs i none).sign • (c.insertList φ φs i none).timeContract 𝓞
+    * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (List.map (φs.insertIdx i φ).get
+      (c.insertList φ φs i none).uncontractedList))) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (Finset.univ.filter (fun k => i.succAbove k < i))⟩)
+    • (c.sign • c.timeContract 𝓞 * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder
+      (ofStateList (optionEraseZ (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get) φ none)))) := by
+  by_cases hg : GradingCompliant φs c
+  · rw [insertList_none_normalOrder, sign_insert_none]
+    simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, timeContract_insertList_none, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+      Algebra.mul_smul_comm, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_smul]
+    congr 1
+    rw [← mul_assoc]
+    congr 1
+    rw [signInsertNone_eq_filterset _ _ _ _ hg, ← map_mul]
+    congr
+    rw [ofFinset_union]
+    congr
+    ext a
+    simp only [Finset.mem_sdiff, Finset.mem_union, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and,
+      Finset.mem_inter, not_and, not_lt, and_imp]
+    apply Iff.intro
+    · intro ha
+      have ha1 := ha.1
+      rcases ha1 with ha1 | ha1
+      · exact ha1.2
+      · exact ha1.2
+    · intro ha
+      simp only [uncontracted, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and, ha, and_true,
+        forall_const]
+      have hx : c.getDual? a = none ↔ ¬ (c.getDual? a).isSome := by
+        simp
+      rw [hx]
+      simp only [Bool.not_eq_true, Bool.eq_false_or_eq_true_self, true_and]
+      intro h1 h2
+      simp_all
+  · simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, timeContract_insertList_none, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc,
+    instCommGroup.eq_1]
+    rw [timeContract_of_not_gradingCompliant]
+    simp only [ZeroMemClass.coe_zero, zero_mul, smul_zero]
+    exact hg
+
+lemma sign_timeContract_normalOrder_insertList_some (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States)
+    (i : Fin φs.length.succ) (c : WickContraction φs.length) (k : c.uncontracted)
+    (hlt : ∀ (k : Fin φs.length), timeOrderRel φ φs[k])
+    (hn : ∀ (k : Fin φs.length), i.succAbove k < i → ¬ timeOrderRel φs[k] φ) :
+    (c.insertList φ φs i (some k)).sign • (c.insertList φ φs i (some k)).timeContract 𝓞
+    * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (List.map (φs.insertIdx i φ).get
+      (c.insertList φ φs i (some k)).uncontractedList))) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (Finset.univ.filter (fun x => i.succAbove x < i))⟩)
+    • (c.sign • (𝓞.contractStateAtIndex φ (List.map φs.get c.uncontractedList)
+      ((uncontractedStatesEquiv φs c) (some k)) * c.timeContract 𝓞)
+    * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (optionEraseZ (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get) φ
+      ((uncontractedStatesEquiv φs c) k))))) := by
+  by_cases hg : GradingCompliant φs c ∧ (𝓕 |>ₛ φ) = (𝓕 |>ₛ φs[k.1])
+  · by_cases hk : i.succAbove k < i
+    · rw [WickContraction.timeConract_insertList_some_eq_mul_contractStateAtIndex_not_lt]
+      swap
+      · exact hn _ hk
+      rw [insertList_some_normalOrder, sign_insert_some]
+      simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_smul, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+      congr 1
+      rw [mul_assoc, mul_comm (sign φs c), ← mul_assoc]
+      congr 1
+      exact signInsertSome_mul_filter_contracted_of_lt φ φs c i k hk hg
+      · omega
+    · have hik : i.succAbove ↑k ≠ i := by exact Fin.succAbove_ne i ↑k
+      rw [WickContraction.timeConract_insertList_some_eq_mul_contractStateAtIndex_lt]
+      swap
+      · exact hlt _
+      rw [insertList_some_normalOrder]
+      rw [sign_insert_some]
+      simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_smul, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+      congr 1
+      rw [mul_assoc, mul_comm (sign φs c), ← mul_assoc]
+      congr 1
+      exact signInsertSome_mul_filter_contracted_of_not_lt φ φs c i k hk hg
+      · omega
+  · rw [timeConract_insertList_some]
+    simp only [Fin.getElem_fin, not_and] at hg
+    by_cases hg' : GradingCompliant φs c
+    · have hg := hg hg'
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.getElem_fin, ite_mul, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc,
+        instCommGroup.eq_1, contractStateAtIndex, uncontractedStatesEquiv, Equiv.optionCongr_apply,
+        Equiv.coe_trans, Option.map_some', Function.comp_apply, finCongr_apply, Fin.coe_cast,
+        List.getElem_map, uncontractedList_getElem_uncontractedFinEquiv_symm, List.get_eq_getElem]
+      by_cases h1 : i < i.succAbove ↑k
+      · simp only [h1, ↓reduceIte, MulMemClass.coe_mul]
+        rw [timeContract_zero_of_diff_grade]
+        simp only [zero_mul, smul_zero]
+        rw [crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_diff_grade_zero]
+        simp only [zero_mul, smul_zero]
+        exact hg
+        exact hg
+      · simp only [h1, ↓reduceIte, MulMemClass.coe_mul]
+        rw [timeContract_zero_of_diff_grade]
+        simp only [zero_mul, smul_zero]
+        rw [crAnF_superCommute_anPart_ofState_diff_grade_zero]
+        simp only [zero_mul, smul_zero]
+        exact hg
+        exact fun a => hg (id (Eq.symm a))
+    · rw [timeContract_of_not_gradingCompliant]
+      simp only [Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.getElem_fin, mul_zero, ZeroMemClass.coe_zero, smul_zero,
+        zero_mul, instCommGroup.eq_1]
+      exact hg'
+
+lemma mul_sum_contractions (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) (i : Fin φs.length.succ)
+    (c : WickContraction φs.length) (hlt : ∀ (k : Fin φs.length), timeOrderRel φ φs[k])
+    (hn : ∀ (k : Fin φs.length), i.succAbove k < i → ¬timeOrderRel φs[k] φ) :
+    (c.sign • c.timeContract 𝓞) * 𝓞.crAnF ((CrAnAlgebra.ofState φ) *
+      normalOrder (ofStateList (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get))) =
+    𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨φs.get, (Finset.univ.filter (fun x => i.succAbove x < i))⟩) •
+    ∑ (k : Option (c.uncontracted)),
+    ((c.insertList φ φs i k).sign • (c.insertList φ φs i k).timeContract 𝓞
+    * 𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder
+      (ofStateList ((c.insertList φ φs i k).uncontractedList.map (φs.insertIdx i φ).get)))) := by
+  rw [crAnF_ofState_mul_normalOrder_ofStatesList_eq_sum, Finset.mul_sum,
+    uncontractedStatesEquiv_list_sum, Finset.smul_sum]
+  simp only [Finset.univ_eq_attach, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+    Nat.succ_eq_add_one, timeContract_insertList_none]
+  congr 1
+  funext n
+  match n with
+  | none =>
+    rw [sign_timeContract_normalOrder_insertList_none]
+    simp only [contractStateAtIndex, uncontractedStatesEquiv, Equiv.optionCongr_apply,
+      Equiv.coe_trans, Option.map_none', one_mul, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, instCommGroup.eq_1,
+      smul_smul]
+    congr 1
+    rw [← mul_assoc, exchangeSign_mul_self]
+    simp
+  | some n =>
+    rw [sign_timeContract_normalOrder_insertList_some _ _ _ _ _
+      (fun k => hlt k) (fun k a => hn k a)]
+    simp only [uncontractedStatesEquiv, Equiv.optionCongr_apply, Equiv.coe_trans, Option.map_some',
+      Function.comp_apply, finCongr_apply, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, instCommGroup.eq_1, smul_smul]
+    congr 1
+    · rw [← mul_assoc, exchangeSign_mul_self]
+      rw [one_mul]
+    · rw [← mul_assoc]
+      congr 1
+      have ht := (WickContraction.timeContract 𝓞 c).prop
+      rw [@Subalgebra.mem_center_iff] at ht
+      rw [ht]
+
+lemma wicks_theorem_congr {φs φs' : List 𝓕.States} (h : φs = φs') :
+    ∑ (c : WickContraction φs.length), (c.sign • c.timeContract 𝓞) *
+      𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get)))
+    = ∑ (c : WickContraction φs'.length), (c.sign • c.timeContract 𝓞) *
+      𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (c.uncontractedList.map φs'.get))) := by
+  subst h
+  simp
+
+/-- Wick's theorem for the empty list. -/
+lemma wicks_theorem_nil :
+    𝓞.crAnF (ofStateAlgebra (timeOrder (ofList []))) = ∑ (c : WickContraction [].length),
+    (c.sign [] • c.timeContract 𝓞) *
+    𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (c.uncontractedList.map [].get))) := by
+  rw [timeOrder_ofList_nil]
+  simp only [map_one, List.length_nil, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
+  rw [sum_WickContraction_nil, nil_zero_uncontractedList]
+  simp only [List.map_nil]
+  have h1 : ofStateList (𝓕 := 𝓕) [] = CrAnAlgebra.ofCrAnList [] := by simp
+  rw [h1, normalOrder_ofCrAnList]
+  simp [WickContraction.timeContract, empty, sign]
+
+lemma timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul_finset (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
+    timeOrder (ofList (φ :: φs)) = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ maxTimeField φ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨(eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).get,
+      (Finset.filter (fun x =>
+        (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).succAbove x < maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) Finset.univ)⟩) •
+    StateAlgebra.ofState (maxTimeField φ φs) * timeOrder (ofList (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)) := by
+  rw [timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul]
+  congr 3
+  apply FieldStatistic.ofList_perm
+  nth_rewrite 1 [← List.finRange_map_get (φ :: φs)]
+  simp only [List.length_cons, eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos]
+  rw [eraseIdx_get, ← List.map_take, ← List.map_map]
+  refine List.Perm.map (φ :: φs).get ?_
+  apply (List.perm_ext_iff_of_nodup _ _).mpr
+  · intro i
+    simp only [List.length_cons, maxTimeFieldPos, mem_take_finrange, Fin.val_fin_lt, List.mem_map,
+      Finset.mem_sort, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and, Function.comp_apply]
+    refine Iff.intro (fun hi => ?_) (fun h => ?_)
+    · have h2 := (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).2
+      simp only [eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+        maxTimeFieldPosFin, insertionSortMinPosFin] at h2
+      use ⟨i, by omega⟩
+      apply And.intro
+      · simp only [Fin.succAbove, List.length_cons, Fin.castSucc_mk, maxTimeFieldPosFin,
+        insertionSortMinPosFin, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.mk_lt_mk, Fin.val_fin_lt, Fin.succ_mk]
+        rw [Fin.lt_def]
+        split
+        · simp only [Fin.val_fin_lt]
+          omega
+        · omega
+      · simp only [Fin.succAbove, List.length_cons, Fin.castSucc_mk, Fin.succ_mk, Fin.ext_iff,
+        Fin.coe_cast]
+        split
+        · simp
+        · simp_all [Fin.lt_def]
+    · obtain ⟨j, h1, h2⟩ := h
+      subst h2
+      simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_cast]
+      exact h1
+  · exact List.Sublist.nodup (List.take_sublist _ _) <|
+      List.nodup_finRange (φs.length + 1)
+  · refine List.Nodup.map ?_ ?_
+    · refine Function.Injective.comp ?hf.hg Fin.succAbove_right_injective
+      exact Fin.cast_injective (eraseIdx_length (φ :: φs) (insertionSortMinPos timeOrderRel φ φs))
+    · exact Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2)
+        (Finset.filter (fun x => (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).succAbove x < maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs)
+          Finset.univ)
+
+/-- Wick's theorem for time-ordered products of bosonic and fermionic fields. -/
+theorem wicks_theorem : (φs : List 𝓕.States) → 𝓞.crAnF (ofStateAlgebra (timeOrder (ofList φs))) =
+    ∑ (c : WickContraction φs.length), (c.sign φs • c.timeContract 𝓞) *
+      𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (c.uncontractedList.map φs.get)))
+  | [] => wicks_theorem_nil
+  | φ :: φs => by
+    have ih := wicks_theorem (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)
+    rw [timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul_finset, map_mul, map_mul, ih, Finset.mul_sum]
+    have h1 : φ :: φs =
+        (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).insertIdx (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) (maxTimeField φ φs) := by
+      simp only [eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+        maxTimeField, insertionSortMin, List.get_eq_getElem]
+      erw [insertIdx_eraseIdx_fin]
+    rw [wicks_theorem_congr h1]
+    conv_rhs => rw [insertLift_sum]
+    congr
+    funext c
+    have ht := Subalgebra.mem_center_iff.mp (Subalgebra.smul_mem (Subalgebra.center ℂ 𝓞.A)
+      (WickContraction.timeContract 𝓞 c).2 (sign (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) c))
+    rw [map_smul, map_smul, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, ← mul_assoc, ht, mul_assoc, ← map_mul]
+    rw [ofStateAlgebra_ofState, mul_sum_contractions (𝓞 := 𝓞)
+      (maxTimeField φ φs) (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) c]
+    trans (1 : ℂ) • ∑ k : Option { x // x ∈ c.uncontracted }, sign
+      (List.insertIdx (↑(maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs)) (maxTimeField φ φs) (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs))
+      (insertList (maxTimeField φ φs) (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) c (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) k) •
+      ↑(WickContraction.timeContract 𝓞 (insertList (maxTimeField φ φs) (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) c
+      (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) k)) *
+      𝓞.crAnF (normalOrder (ofStateList (List.map (List.insertIdx (↑(maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs))
+      (maxTimeField φ φs) (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)).get
+        (insertList (maxTimeField φ φs) (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs) c
+        (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) k).uncontractedList)))
+    swap
+    · simp
+    rw [smul_smul]
+    simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, exchangeSign_mul_self, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
+      Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, Fintype.sum_option, timeContract_insertList_none,
+      Finset.univ_eq_attach, smul_add, one_smul]
+    · exact fun k => timeOrder_maxTimeField _ _ k
+    · exact fun k => lt_maxTimeFieldPosFin_not_timeOrder _ _ k
+termination_by φs => φs.length
+
+end FieldStruct

README.md

@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ __BSM physics [🗂️](https://heplean.github.io/HepLean/docs/HepLean/BeyondThe
 
 __Flavor physics [🗂️](https://heplean.github.io/HepLean/docs/HepLean/FlavorPhysics/CKMMatrix/Basic.html):__ Properties of the CKM matrix.
 
-__Perturbation Theory [🗂️](https://heplean.github.io/HepLean/docs/HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Wick/Species.html) [🚧](https://heplean.github.io/HepLean/InformalGraph.html):__ Informal statements relating to Feynman diagrams, Wick contractions, Operator
+__Perturbation Theory [🗂️](https://heplean.github.io/HepLean/docs/HepLean/PerturbationTheory/WicksTheorem.html):__ Time-dependent version of Wick's theorem for both fermions and bosons.
-algebras.
 
 ## Associated media and publications
 - [📄](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.08863) Joseph Tooby-Smith,

scripts/MetaPrograms/notes.lean

@@ -18,10 +18,6 @@ def pertubationTheory : NoteFile where
   abstract := "Notes on perturbation theory in quantum field theory."
   authors := ["Joseph Tooby-Smith"]
   files := [
-    `HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Species,
-    `HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Algebra,
-    `HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Contract,
-    `HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Wick.Theorem
     ]
 
 unsafe def main (_ : List String) : IO UInt32 := do

scripts/check_file_imports.lean

@@ -53,12 +53,24 @@ def expectedHepLeanImports : IO (Array Name) := do
         needed.push root
   pure needed
 
+def listDif : (a: List String) → (b : List String) → (List String × List String)
+  | [], [] => ([], [])
+  | a :: as, [] => (a :: as, [])
+  | [], b :: bs => ([], b :: bs)
+  | a :: as, b :: bs =>
+    if a = b then listDif as bs
+    else (a :: (listDif as bs).1, b :: (listDif as bs).2)
+
 /-- Checks whether an array `imports` is sorted after `Init` is removed.  -/
 def arrayImportSorted (imports : Array Import) : IO Bool :=  do
   let X := (imports.map (fun x => x.module.toString)).filter (fun x => x != "Init")
   let mut warned := false
   if ! X = X.qsort (· < ·) then
     IO.print s!"Import file is not sorted. \n"
+    let ldif := listDif X.toList (X.qsort (· < ·)).toList
+    let lzip := List.zip ldif.1 ldif.2
+    let lstring := String.intercalate "\n" (lzip.map (fun x => s!"{x.1} > {x.2}"))
+    println! lstring
     warned := true
   pure warned