PhysLean/HepLean/PerturbationTheory/Algebras/CrAnAlgebra/TimeOrder.lean
2025-01-29 16:06:28 +00:00

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/-
Copyright (c) 2025 Joseph Tooby-Smith. All rights reserved.
Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
Authors: Joseph Tooby-Smith
-/
import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.FieldSpecification.TimeOrder
import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Algebras.CrAnAlgebra.SuperCommute
import HepLean.PerturbationTheory.Koszul.KoszulSign
/-!
# Time Ordering in the CrAnAlgebra
-/
namespace FieldSpecification
variable {𝓕 : FieldSpecification}
open FieldStatistic
namespace CrAnAlgebra
noncomputable section
open HepLean.List
/-!
## Time order
-/
/-- Time ordering for the `CrAnAlgebra`. -/
def timeOrder : CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 →ₗ[] CrAnAlgebra 𝓕 :=
Basis.constr ofCrAnListBasis fun φs =>
crAnTimeOrderSign φs • ofCrAnList (crAnTimeOrderList φs)
@[inherit_doc timeOrder]
scoped[FieldSpecification.CrAnAlgebra] notation "𝓣ᶠ(" a ")" => timeOrder a
lemma timeOrder_ofCrAnList (φs : List 𝓕.CrAnStates) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofCrAnList φs) = crAnTimeOrderSign φs • ofCrAnList (crAnTimeOrderList φs) := by
rw [← ofListBasis_eq_ofList]
simp only [timeOrder, Basis.constr_basis]
lemma timeOrder_timeOrder_mid (a b c : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓣ᶠ(a * b * c) = 𝓣ᶠ(a * 𝓣ᶠ(b) * c) := by
let pc (c : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) (hc : c ∈ Submodule.span (Set.range ofCrAnListBasis)) :
Prop := 𝓣ᶠ(a * b * c) = 𝓣ᶠ(a * 𝓣ᶠ(b) * c)
change pc c (Basis.mem_span _ c)
apply Submodule.span_induction
· intro x hx
obtain ⟨φs, rfl⟩ := hx
simp [pc]
let pb (b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) (hb : b ∈ Submodule.span (Set.range ofCrAnListBasis)) :
Prop := 𝓣ᶠ(a * b * ofCrAnList φs) = 𝓣ᶠ(a * 𝓣ᶠ(b) * ofCrAnList φs)
change pb b (Basis.mem_span _ b)
apply Submodule.span_induction
· intro x hx
obtain ⟨φs', rfl⟩ := hx
simp [pb]
let pa (a : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) (ha : a ∈ Submodule.span (Set.range ofCrAnListBasis)) :
Prop := 𝓣ᶠ(a * ofCrAnList φs' * ofCrAnList φs) = 𝓣ᶠ(a * 𝓣ᶠ(ofCrAnList φs') * ofCrAnList φs)
change pa a (Basis.mem_span _ a)
apply Submodule.span_induction
· intro x hx
obtain ⟨φs'', rfl⟩ := hx
simp [pa]
rw [timeOrder_ofCrAnList]
simp only [← ofCrAnList_append, Algebra.mul_smul_comm,
Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_smul]
rw [timeOrder_ofCrAnList, timeOrder_ofCrAnList, smul_smul]
congr 1
· simp only [crAnTimeOrderSign, crAnTimeOrderList]
rw [Wick.koszulSign_of_append_eq_insertionSort, mul_comm]
· congr 1
simp only [crAnTimeOrderList]
rw [insertionSort_append_insertionSort_append]
· simp [pa]
· intro x y hx hy h1 h2
simp_all [pa, add_mul]
· intro x hx h
simp_all [pa]
· simp [pb]
· intro x y hx hy h1 h2
simp_all [pb, mul_add, add_mul]
· intro x hx h
simp_all [pb]
· simp [pc]
· intro x y hx hy h1 h2
simp_all [pc, mul_add]
· intro x hx h hp
simp_all [pc]
lemma timeOrder_timeOrder_right (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓣ᶠ(a * b) = 𝓣ᶠ(a * 𝓣ᶠ(b)) := by
trans 𝓣ᶠ(a * b * 1)
· simp
· rw [timeOrder_timeOrder_mid]
simp
lemma timeOrder_timeOrder_left (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) : 𝓣ᶠ(a * b) = 𝓣ᶠ(𝓣ᶠ(a) * b) := by
trans 𝓣ᶠ(1 * a * b)
· simp
· rw [timeOrder_timeOrder_mid]
simp
lemma timeOrder_ofStateList (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofStateList φs) = timeOrderSign φs • ofStateList (timeOrderList φs) := by
conv_lhs =>
rw [ofStateList_sum, map_sum]
enter [2, x]
rw [timeOrder_ofCrAnList]
simp only [crAnTimeOrderSign_crAnSection]
rw [← Finset.smul_sum]
congr
rw [ofStateList_sum, sum_crAnSections_timeOrder]
rfl
lemma timeOrder_ofStateList_nil : timeOrder (𝓕 := 𝓕) (ofStateList []) = 1 := by
rw [timeOrder_ofStateList]
simp [timeOrderSign, Wick.koszulSign, timeOrderList]
@[simp]
lemma timeOrder_ofStateList_singleton (φ : 𝓕.States) : 𝓣ᶠ(ofStateList [φ]) = ofStateList [φ] := by
simp [timeOrder_ofStateList, timeOrderSign, timeOrderList]
lemma timeOrder_ofState_ofState_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofState φ * ofState ψ) = ofState φ * ofState ψ := by
rw [← ofStateList_singleton, ← ofStateList_singleton, ← ofStateList_append, timeOrder_ofStateList]
simp only [List.singleton_append]
rw [timeOrderSign_pair_ordered h, timeOrderList_pair_ordered h]
simp
lemma timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : ¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofState φ * ofState ψ) = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ) • ofState ψ * ofState φ := by
rw [← ofStateList_singleton, ← ofStateList_singleton,
← ofStateList_append, timeOrder_ofStateList]
simp only [List.singleton_append, instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
rw [timeOrderSign_pair_not_ordered h, timeOrderList_pair_not_ordered h]
simp [← ofStateList_append]
lemma timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered_eq_timeOrder {φ ψ : 𝓕.States} (h : ¬ timeOrderRel φ ψ) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofState φ * ofState ψ) = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ φ, 𝓕 |>ₛ ψ) • 𝓣ᶠ(ofState ψ * ofState φ) := by
rw [timeOrder_ofState_ofState_not_ordered h]
rw [timeOrder_ofState_ofState_ordered]
simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc]
have hx := IsTotal.total (r := timeOrderRel) ψ φ
simp_all
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel
{φ ψ : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ ψ) :
𝓣ᶠ([ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState ψ]ₛca) = 0 := by
rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState]
simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_sub, map_smul]
rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton,
← ofCrAnList_append, ← ofCrAnList_append, timeOrder_ofCrAnList, timeOrder_ofCrAnList]
simp only [List.singleton_append]
rw [crAnTimeOrderSign_pair_not_ordered h, crAnTimeOrderList_pair_not_ordered h]
rw [sub_eq_zero, smul_smul]
have h1 := IsTotal.total (r := crAnTimeOrderRel) φ ψ
congr
· rw [crAnTimeOrderSign_pair_ordered, exchangeSign_symm]
simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, mul_one]
simp_all
· rw [crAnTimeOrderList_pair_ordered]
simp_all
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_right
{φ ψ : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ ψ) (a : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
𝓣ᶠ(a * [ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState ψ]ₛca) = 0 := by
rw [timeOrder_timeOrder_right,
timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h]
simp
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_left
{φ ψ : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ ψ) (a : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
𝓣ᶠ([ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState ψ]ₛca * a) = 0 := by
rw [timeOrder_timeOrder_left,
timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h]
simp
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_mid
{φ ψ : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ ψ) (a b : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
𝓣ᶠ(a * [ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState ψ]ₛca * b) = 0 := by
rw [timeOrder_timeOrder_mid,
timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h]
simp
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel
{φ1 φ2 : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ2) (a : 𝓕.CrAnAlgebra) :
𝓣ᶠ([a, [ofCrAnState φ1, ofCrAnState φ2]ₛca]ₛca) = 0 := by
rw [← bosonicProj_add_fermionicProj a]
simp
rw [bosonic_superCommute (Submodule.coe_mem (bosonicProj a))]
simp
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_left h]
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_right h]
simp
rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton]
rcases superCommute_ofCrAnList_ofCrAnList_bosonic_or_fermionic [φ1] [φ2] with h' | h'
· rw [superCommute_bonsonic h']
simp [ofCrAnList_singleton]
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_left h]
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_right h]
simp
· rw [superCommute_fermionic_fermionic (Submodule.coe_mem (fermionicProj a)) h']
simp [ofCrAnList_singleton]
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_left h]
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel_right h]
simp
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_superCommute_not_crAnTimeOrderRel
{φ1 φ2 φ3 : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h12 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ2)
(h13 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ3) :
𝓣ᶠ([ofCrAnState φ1, [ofCrAnState φ2, ofCrAnState φ3]ₛca]ₛca) = 0 := by
rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton]
rw [summerCommute_jacobi_ofCrAnList]
simp [ofCrAnList_singleton]
right
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h12]
rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_symm φ3]
simp
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h13]
simp
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_superCommute_not_crAnTimeOrderRel'
{φ1 φ2 φ3 : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h12 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ2 φ1)
(h13 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ3 φ1) :
𝓣ᶠ([ofCrAnState φ1, [ofCrAnState φ2, ofCrAnState φ3]ₛca]ₛca) = 0 := by
rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton]
rw [summerCommute_jacobi_ofCrAnList]
simp [ofCrAnList_singleton]
right
rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_symm φ1]
simp
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h12]
simp
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h13]
simp
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_superCommute_all_not_crAnTimeOrderRel
(φ1 φ2 φ3 : 𝓕.CrAnStates) (h : ¬
(crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ2 ∧ crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ3 ∧
crAnTimeOrderRel φ2 φ1 ∧ crAnTimeOrderRel φ2 φ3 ∧
crAnTimeOrderRel φ3 φ1 ∧ crAnTimeOrderRel φ3 φ2)) :
𝓣ᶠ([ofCrAnState φ1, [ofCrAnState φ2, ofCrAnState φ3]ₛca]ₛca) = 0 := by
simp at h
by_cases h23 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ2 φ3
· simp_all
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h23]
simp_all
by_cases h32 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ3 φ2
· simp_all
rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_symm]
simp
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_superCommute_ofCrAnState_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h32]
simp
simp_all
by_cases h12 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ2
· have h13 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ3 := by
intro h13
apply h12
exact IsTrans.trans φ1 φ3 φ2 h13 h32
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_superCommute_not_crAnTimeOrderRel h12 h13]
simp_all
have h13 : crAnTimeOrderRel φ1 φ3 := IsTrans.trans φ1 φ2 φ3 h12 h23
simp_all
by_cases h21 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ2 φ1
· simp_all
have h31 : ¬ crAnTimeOrderRel φ3 φ1 := by
intro h31
apply h21
exact IsTrans.trans φ2 φ3 φ1 h23 h31
rw [timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_superCommute_not_crAnTimeOrderRel' h21 h31]
simp_all
refine False.elim (h ?_)
exact IsTrans.trans φ3 φ2 φ1 h32 h21
lemma timeOrder_superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState_eq_time
{φ ψ : 𝓕.CrAnStates} (h1 : crAnTimeOrderRel φ ψ) (h2 : crAnTimeOrderRel ψ φ) :
𝓣ᶠ([ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState ψ]ₛca) = [ofCrAnState φ, ofCrAnState ψ]ₛca := by
rw [superCommute_ofCrAnState_ofCrAnState]
simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, map_sub, map_smul]
rw [← ofCrAnList_singleton, ← ofCrAnList_singleton,
← ofCrAnList_append, ← ofCrAnList_append, timeOrder_ofCrAnList, timeOrder_ofCrAnList]
simp only [List.singleton_append]
rw [crAnTimeOrderSign_pair_ordered h1, crAnTimeOrderList_pair_ordered h1,
crAnTimeOrderSign_pair_ordered h2, crAnTimeOrderList_pair_ordered h2]
simp
/-!
## Interaction with maxTimeField
-/
/-- In the state algebra time, ordering obeys `T(φ₀φ₁…φₙ) = s * φᵢ * T(φ₀φ₁…φᵢ₋₁φᵢ₊₁…φₙ)`
where `φᵢ` is the state
which has maximum time and `s` is the exchange sign of `φᵢ` and `φ₀φ₁…φᵢ₋₁`. -/
lemma timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofStateList (φ :: φs)) =
𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ maxTimeField φ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ (φ :: φs).take (maxTimeFieldPos φ φs)) •
ofState (maxTimeField φ φs) * 𝓣ᶠ(ofStateList (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)) := by
rw [timeOrder_ofStateList, timeOrderList_eq_maxTimeField_timeOrderList]
rw [ofStateList_cons, timeOrder_ofStateList]
simp only [instCommGroup.eq_1, Algebra.mul_smul_comm, Algebra.smul_mul_assoc, smul_smul]
congr
rw [timerOrderSign_of_eraseMaxTimeField, mul_assoc]
simp
/-- In the state algebra time, ordering obeys `T(φ₀φ₁…φₙ) = s * φᵢ * T(φ₀φ₁…φᵢ₋₁φᵢ₊₁…φₙ)`
where `φᵢ` is the state
which has maximum time and `s` is the exchange sign of `φᵢ` and `φ₀φ₁…φᵢ₋₁`.
Here `s` is written using finite sets. -/
lemma timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul_finset (φ : 𝓕.States) (φs : List 𝓕.States) :
𝓣ᶠ(ofStateList (φ :: φs)) = 𝓢(𝓕 |>ₛ maxTimeField φ φs, 𝓕 |>ₛ ⟨(eraseMaxTimeField φ φs).get,
(Finset.filter (fun x =>
(maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).succAbove x < maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs) Finset.univ)⟩) •
ofState (maxTimeField φ φs) * 𝓣ᶠ(ofStateList (eraseMaxTimeField φ φs)) := by
rw [timeOrder_eq_maxTimeField_mul]
congr 3
apply FieldStatistic.ofList_perm
nth_rewrite 1 [← List.finRange_map_get (φ :: φs)]
simp only [List.length_cons, eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos]
rw [eraseIdx_get, ← List.map_take, ← List.map_map]
refine List.Perm.map (φ :: φs).get ?_
apply (List.perm_ext_iff_of_nodup _ _).mpr
· intro i
simp only [List.length_cons, maxTimeFieldPos, mem_take_finrange, Fin.val_fin_lt, List.mem_map,
Finset.mem_sort, Finset.mem_filter, Finset.mem_univ, true_and, Function.comp_apply]
refine Iff.intro (fun hi => ?_) (fun h => ?_)
· have h2 := (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).2
simp only [eraseMaxTimeField, insertionSortDropMinPos, List.length_cons, Nat.succ_eq_add_one,
maxTimeFieldPosFin, insertionSortMinPosFin] at h2
use ⟨i, by omega⟩
apply And.intro
· simp only [Fin.succAbove, List.length_cons, Fin.castSucc_mk, maxTimeFieldPosFin,
insertionSortMinPosFin, Nat.succ_eq_add_one, Fin.mk_lt_mk, Fin.val_fin_lt, Fin.succ_mk]
rw [Fin.lt_def]
split
· simp only [Fin.val_fin_lt]
omega
· omega
· simp only [Fin.succAbove, List.length_cons, Fin.castSucc_mk, Fin.succ_mk, Fin.ext_iff,
Fin.coe_cast]
split
· simp
· simp_all [Fin.lt_def]
· obtain ⟨j, h1, h2⟩ := h
subst h2
simp only [Fin.lt_def, Fin.coe_cast]
exact h1
· exact List.Sublist.nodup (List.take_sublist _ _) <|
List.nodup_finRange (φs.length + 1)
· refine List.Nodup.map ?_ ?_
· refine Function.Injective.comp ?hf.hg Fin.succAbove_right_injective
exact Fin.cast_injective (eraseIdx_length (φ :: φs) (insertionSortMinPos timeOrderRel φ φs))
· exact Finset.sort_nodup (fun x1 x2 => x1 ≤ x2)
(Finset.filter (fun x => (maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs).succAbove x < maxTimeFieldPosFin φ φs)
Finset.univ)
end
end CrAnAlgebra
end FieldSpecification